The authors performed principle component analysis on the data of Korean (1969-1990) and Japanese (1949-1990) intakes of foods of different groups and compared changes in intakes over time. Although the analysis revealed that both Korea and Japan shifted from a diet which had put much importance on a staple food to one which stressed a variety of food items, it wasn't until between 1985 and 1990 that the Korean diet became comparable to Japan's diet between 1963 and 1965. While Korea shifted within the vegetable-oriented intake type, Japan shifted from the potato bean-oriented intake type to the vegetable-oriented one. In order to grasp the diet components of contemporary Korea, the authors performed a principal component analysis, using the 1988-1990 intake of different food groups in 14 regional blocks (n= 41). The analysis revealed that the first principle component indicated either the modern diet type or the traditional diet type. The second principle component indicated that the subsidiary food was either the fresh vegetable/seafood type or the processed vegetable/livestock type. The third component indicated either the fresh food type or the stored food type. Furthermore, the relationship between the 9 commonest diseases and diet in Korea showed that the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases, malignant neoplasm of stomach, hypertensive diseases, malignant neoplasm of lung, and diabetes mellitus was lower among people with a modern diet, while it was higher among those with the traditional diet. And thier relationship showed that the occurrence of cerebrovascular diseases, malignant neoplasm of liver, ischemic heart diseases, and tuberculosis of respiratory system was lower among those with a diet of processed vegetables/ livestock type as the subsidiary food, while on the other hand, it was higher among those with a fresh vegetables/seafood type as the subsidiary food. In addition, among the food groups, the correlation of meat with all diseases, except ischemic heart diseases, that of eggs with all diseases, except diabetes mellitus, that of milk products with all diseases, except malignant neoplasm of liver and ischemic heart diseases, and that of processed vegetables with malignant neoplasm of liver and tuberculosis of respiratory system had a significant negative correlation coefficient, while the correlation of cereals with cerebrovascular diseases, maligant neoplasm of stomach, hypertensive diseases, malignant neoplasm of liver, and diabetes mellitus, and that of vegetables with cerebrovascular disease, malignant neoplasm of liver, ischemic heart diseases, and tuberculosis of respiratory system had a significant positive correlation coefficient.
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