民族衛生
Online ISSN : 1882-868X
Print ISSN : 0368-9395
ISSN-L : 0368-9395
64 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1~5を表示しています
  • 塩原 正一
    1998 年 64 巻 5 号 p. 283-284
    発行日: 1998/09/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 高倉 実, 崎原 盛造, 秋坂 真史, 尾尻 義彦, 加藤 種一, 當銘 貴世美, 新屋 信雄, 平良 一彦
    1998 年 64 巻 5 号 p. 285-298
    発行日: 1998/09/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
     本研究では,高校生における抑うつ症状とストレッサーおよびソーシャルサポートとの関連性を検討するために,沖縄県全域の高校生3254名を対象とした質問紙調査を行った.抑うつ症状はZungの自己評価式抑うっ尺度(SDS)を用い,ストレッサーは日常苛立ち事から,ソーシャルサポートは学生用(中学生版)ソーシャルサポート尺度(SESS)から評定した. 各尺度得点の代表値の性差を検討したところ,抑うつ症状,母親サポート,兄弟サポート,友達サポートにおいて女子の得点が男子より有意に高かったが,父親サポートと先生サポートにおいては男子の得点が女子より有意に高かった.日常苛立ち事には有意な性差がみられなかった.抑うつ症状に対する日常苛立ち事と各サポート源の共文散分析の結果,男女ともに日常苛立ち事および各サポート源に有意な主効果がみられたが,交互作用はみられなかった.したがって,抑うつ症状に対してソーシャルサポートは直接効果をもち,ストレッサーに関係なく抑うつを軽減する傾向にあったといえる.他のサポート源の効果を調整した結果,男子では父親サポート,友達サポートに,女子では父親サポート,母親サポート,兄弟サポート,友達サポートに,有意な効果がみられ,サポート有り群が抑うつを軽減する効果を示した. 以上のように,高校生の抑うつ症状には日常苛立ち事,ソーシャルサポートが独立して関連しており,ソーシャルサポートの中では,男女ともに父親サポートと,友達サポートを,女子については母親や兄弟などの家族サポートを含めて高めることが,抑うつを直接軽減させるために有効であることが示唆された.結論として,本研究ではソーシャルサポートの直接効果仮説が支持された。
  • 菊地 潤, 中村 泉
    1998 年 64 巻 5 号 p. 299-312
    発行日: 1998/09/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    We analyzed data on 84 women who had self-recorded dates of menstruation prospectively for nearly 10 years since their entrance to a college of physical education in April 1981. In terms of changes in the menstrual cycle length by age, 70% of the women could be classified into the following three patterns: (1) the length remained almost within gynecological normal range from age 18 to 27 (?gpattern A?h, 28.6%), (2) the length fluctuated only during their college student days (from age 18 to 22) and then became stable (?gpattern B?h, 21.4%), and (3) the length fluctuated considerably throughout the period observed (?gpattern C?h, 19.0%). The mean ages at menarche were higher among the pattern B and C subjects than that among the pattern A subjects . Distribution of the three patterns was different according to the age at menarche: proportion of pattern A was highest (50.0%) among those who had experiencedmenarche at age 11 and decreased to 9 .1% among those who had experienced menarche at age 13. Proportions of patterns B and C increased accordingly, and pattern A dominated among those with the menarcheal age 14. Proportion of patterns B and C was higher (that of pattern A was lower) among athletes than among non-athletes. However, pattern A was also observed in some athletes and pattern C in some non-athletes . In conclusion, the cyclicity of menstruation after age 18 is relatively stable among non-athlete women with early menarche, though there still existed some cases who did not show stabilization, suggesting that the length of menstrual cycle in women who graduated from college of physical education does not always become stabilized.
  • 土屋 久幸, 三宅 健夫, 横山 英世, 野崎 貞彦
    1998 年 64 巻 5 号 p. 313-325
    発行日: 1998/09/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to elucidate the influence of drinking water components and lifestyle on bone density, we carried out chemical analysis of the water drunk by 463 adult females (mean age: 49.9 ± 11.0 years) living in Saitama Prefecture, together with questionnaire survey and ultrasonic bone densitometry measurement. It was found that, in both pre- and post-menopausal women, the larger the body weight the higher the bone density. In the pre-menopausal group, furthermore, bone density tended to increase as the subjects did more frequently out-door activities and as Ca concentration in their drinking water was higher. In the post-menopausal women, higher bone density was associated with higher intake of milk and dairy products at present. According to statistical analysis, the factors whose correlations with bone density were greater in the order: frequency of out-door activities, Ca concentration in drinking water, and body weight for pre-menopausal women; body weight, and the consumption of milk and dairy products for post-menopausal women. Our present results indicated that, in addition to physical factors and lifestyle, Ca concentration in water was related to bone density, though only among women before menopause. In this particular area, therefore, the quality of drinking water might be an important factor which is related to bone density.
  • 島矢 寿々子
    1998 年 64 巻 5 号 p. 326-336
    発行日: 1998/09/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    The incidence of retinopathy among diabetic workers in the gas industry was studied. 281 workers with diabetes mellitus were followed up from the onset of disease to retirement. Of them, 106 developed retinopathy. The relation between the incidence of retinopathy and the following 12 factors pertaining to diabetic workers was analysed: l) classification according to Keith-Wagener criteria of fundus oculi, 2) classification according to control of the cardiovascular system, 3) classification according to control of diabetes mellitus, 4) weight control, 5) total cholesterol levels, 6) triglyceride levels, 7) HbA1C, 8) urinary protein, 9) age at present, 10) age at diagnosis, 11) duration of diabetes, 12) family history of diabetes. Hayashi's Quantification II Analysis was used for calculation of risk factors. The major results were as follows: 1. The factor most closely associated with the development of retinopathy was the classification according to Keith-Wagener criteria. 2. Factors closely associated with the development of retinopathy in order were: Keith-Wagener classification> control of diabetes (insulin therapy) > HbAlc (greater than 8.1%)= low weight > urinary protein positive = the age at diagnosis (younger than 29) = Age at present (40 to 49). 3. Controllable parameters such as weight, hyperlipidemia, and blood glucose level are factors less closely associated with the development of retinopathy. 4. Although Keith-Wagener classification, age, and duration of diabetes are uncontrollable, these factors are associated with the development of retinopathy. 5. The risk score for each risk factor was calculated as follows:Risk factor Risk scoreKeith-Wagener classification 3 ---------10Insulin (less than 40 U per day)--------- 5Keith-Wagener classification 2 --------- 4HbAlc>8.1%--------------------------------- 2Low weight <95% --------------------------- 2Keith-Wagener classification 1 --------- 1Urinary protein positive ------------------ 1Age at diagnosis (younger than 29) --- 1Age at present (40 to 49) ------------------ 16. Based on the total risk score for each individual, the probability values of development of retinopathy were estimated as follows:Risk score Probability0 0.171.0 0.302.05.0 0.526.09.0 0.8610 1.00 These findings demonstrate difficulties in management of diabetes and suggest that assessment of individuals and long-term care is important for diabetic patients.
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