民族衛生
Online ISSN : 1882-868X
Print ISSN : 0368-9395
ISSN-L : 0368-9395
67 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1~4を表示しています
  • Akatsuki KOKAZE, Masao YOSHIDA, Yasuko SEKINE, Koji TERUYA, Nobuo TAKE ...
    2001 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 267-268
    発行日: 2001/11/30
    公開日: 2011/10/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to survey the trends of supply, and geographic and age distribution of obstetrician-gynecologists and pediatricians in Japan with contrast to the decease in the number of children from 1980 to 1996. The data obtained from the survey of physicians in Japan were statistically examined using the Lorenz curve and the associated Gini index. The obstetrician-to-newborn ratios (ObsNRs), which were calculated from the data of the duplicated registration, decreased from 1980 to 1984 in 12 prefectures. The ObsNRs increased from 1984 to 1990 in all 47 prefectures. The ObsNRs slightly decreased from 1990 to 1996 in 31 prefectures. The pediatrician-to-children ratios (PedCRs) had increased from 1980 to 1996 in 45 of 47 prefectures. Both ObsNRs and PedCRs differed by more than twice between the lowest and the highest prefectures. The Lorenz curves and Gini indices for the distribution of both obstetrician-gy-necologists and pediatricians showed no remarkable change during this period. The proportions of young doctors aged 39 years or younger were significantly lower in obstetrician-gynecologists and pediatricians than in the whole physicians in Japan. The present conditions of supply and geographic distribution of the obstetrician-gynecologists and pediatricians in Japan were considered to include several problems. Especially, considering the decreasing of the ObsNRs in many prefectures and the age distribution of obstetrician-gynecologists and pediatricians, a special emphasis on the supply of young obstetrician-gynecologists and young pediatrician should be put in medical policies of Japan.
  • 西田 弘之, 鷲野 嘉映, 竹本 康史, 春日 晃章, 横山 強, 杉浦 春雄, 中神 勝
    2001 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 269-276
    発行日: 2001/11/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Osteo sono assessment index (OSI) in the calcaneus in preschool girls aged 3-5 years was assessed using the dry-type ultrasound method. And the relative factors concerning OSI in girls were examined, especially from the standpoint of relationship with their mother's OSI. The findings are as follows.1) The significant difference of mean value for OSI was not observed among three agegroups. Age seems to not affect bone quantity in this age period, 3-5 yr.2) A close association exists between the girl's OSI and their mother's one. The impact of heredity on OSI was seemed to be large in girl aged 3-5.3) Each "physically active" and "mother's OSI" was independent factor for OSI.From the above results, the preschool girls whose OSI were low should be consider for increase their bone quantities from the early period both at kindergarten and home.
  • 青木 きよ子
    2001 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 281-290
    発行日: 2001/11/30
    公開日: 2010/06/28
    ジャーナル フリー
    Purpose The purpose of this study was to elucidate the quality of life (QOL) of home oxygen therapy (HOT) patients and the contribution of changes in related factors and selfcare actions to QOL, on the basis of two surveys. Based on them we assessed the internal constructs of the QOL of HOT patients and associations with related factors and selfcare actions by covariance structureanalysis.Method A questionnaire was used to survey the HOT patients, and the subjects of the analysis were 126 patients surveyed the first time and 203 patients surveyed this time.Conclusions1. The results of the two surveys showed that the characteristics of the HOT patients tended to be almost the same, but the results of the second survey showed that the use of medical and welfare services had increased.2. Validity and reliability of the "HOT Patient QOL Scale" used to measure overall QOL in this study were obtained in the second survey, and it was possible to confirm its reproducibility.3. The scores for 4 factors extracted as QOL related factors in the first survey, i.e., "severity of dyspnea", "independence of daily activities", "stress awareness", and"psychological support by close relatives"were the similar in the second survey, and correlations with QOL were observed in the second survey as well.4. "Selfcare actions" were not directly associated with the QOL of HOT patients, but they contributed to maintenance of daily activities and decreases in stress awareness.5. The relations between component factors according to the covariance structure analysis of QOL showed that "stress awareness" directly affected QOL, and that "stress awareness", "severity of dyspnea", "independence of daily activities", and "psychological support by close persons" were interrelated and effected QOL through "stress awareness".
  • Akatsuki KOKAZE, Masao YOSHIDA, Yasuko SEKINE, Koji TERUYA, Nobuo TAKE ...
    2001 年 67 巻 6 号 p. 291-304
    発行日: 2001/11/30
    公開日: 2011/10/21
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study was to survey the trends of supply, and geographic and age distribution of obstetrician-gynecologists and pediatricians in Japan with contrast to the decease in the number of children from 1980 to 1996. The data obtained from the survey of physicians in Japan were statistically examined using the Lorenz curve and the associated Gini index. The obstetrician-to-newborn ratios (ObsNRs), which were calculated from the data of the duplicated registration, decreased from 1980 to 1984 in 12 prefectures. The ObsNRs increased from 1984 to 1990 in all 47 prefectures. The ObsNRs slightly decreased from 1990 to 1996 in 31 prefectures. The pediatriciantochildren ratios (PedCRs) had increased from 1980 to 1996 in 45 of 47 prefectures. Both ObsNRs and PedCRs differed by more than twice between the lowest and the highest prefectures. The Lorenz curves and Gini indices for the distribution of both obstetrician-gynecologists and pediatricians showed no remarkable change during this period . The proportions of young doctors aged 39 years or younger were significantly lower in obstetriciangynecologistsand pediatricians than in the whole physicians in Japan. The present conditions of supply and geographic distribution of the obstetrician-gynecologists and pediatricians in Japan were considered to include several problems. Especially, considering the decreasing of the ObsNRs in many prefectures and the age distribution of obstetriciangynecologists and pediatricians, a special emphasis on the supply of young obstetriciangynecologists and young pediatrician should be put in medical policies of Japan.
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