We have analysed the technology of cultivation of plant production environment systems.The room temperature for culture and ripening of H.marmoreus is usually set with in a temperature range. And H. marmoreus is marketed within a market price range. In this paper, using the fuzzy number, the room temperature and the resulting profit of culture regulation are realistically shown.
At the term of culture and ripening, the best temperature is between 20°C and 25°C (fig.1), and the best density of carbonic acid gas is between 5% and 10% (fig.2).This is the condition under which mycelia grow most quickly.
The equation of minimum problems on the term (R) and temperature (D) of culture and ripening is as follows :
R^* (D_P) =<37.55, 0.65>-<0.17, 0.00>D_P (4)
On the other hand, the equation of maximum problems is as follows :
R_* (D_P) =<35.75, 0.45>-<0.15, 0.00>D_P (5)
So, let h be the membership function of fuzzy model, the fuzzy linear regression model R (D_P) is as follows :
R (D_P) = {35.30+1.60/ (1-h), 35.30, 36.20, 36.20+2.00/ (1-h)} _L- {0.15+0.02/ (1-h), 0.15, 0.15, 0.15+0.02/ (1-h)} _LD_P (9)
Every year, some sudden change of market price occurs in the early autumn, end and beginning of the year, 'Bon' period in summer, and the'Golden Week' in spring. By adjusting the room temperature to the temperature range calculated by the fuzzy model R (D_P), we can regulate the culture of H. marmoreus, and, consequently, market at the highest price in the above-mentioned periods.

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A field image acquisition system on the World Wide Web (WWW) was developed. The system contains two sub-systems. One is a real-time field image system to deliver real-time still images to WWW clients at their requests. This sub-system is run by a camera server that is composed of a Windows95 personal computer with a videocapture card and a video camera that can be controlled via a serial connection to the computer. By this sub-system, a WWW client can obtain real-time quality images by remotely controlling the camera angle and zooming rate. The other sub-system is the automated field image database system. This sub-system is run under the cooperation of the camera sever and the database server of a Windows NT-base personal computer. The field image database system automatically manages the WWW image database for the images acquired periodically by the camera server and serves the image retrieval system to WWW clients. Both of the sub-systems have been working well and were found to be useful in several agricultural scenes such as remote diagnoses of crop growth by experts and observation of remotely located experimental fields and etc. A mobile camera server with a wireless LAN system was also developed.

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The production cost of micropropated plugs using axillary bud propagation was examined on the basis of data using Prunus verecunda culture as a model. The cheapest total production cost was estimated to be 306 yen per plug in the case of one production cycle per year, for a laboratory designating with a medium preparation room, operation and culture room, and an acclimation room for 10, 000 micro-propagules production. A low cost production system of the micropropagules was simulated by the use of that cost calculation formula changing the tissue culture parameters. From those results, it was found that the acclimation in a greenhouse utilizing sunlight was the most effective means to reduce the production cost of the micropropagated plugs.

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Investigations were carried out to examine the effect of high electric conductivity (EC) on the growth of spinach under artificial light conditions, by either raising the concentration of nutrients, or by addition of NaCl to the hydroponic culture solution.
Increasing the strength of the nutrient solution by raising the concentration of nutrients to the range of 5.0 dS/m, significantly increased the leaf fresh weight. However, increasing the concentration of individual macronutrients ; nitrate, phosphate and potassium, or even micronutrients, had no effect on plant growth.
Addition of NaCl to the standard Strength (2.3 dS/m) nutrient solution, promoted plant growth depending on the level of the relative humidity (RH). The highest plant growth rate was realized with 2 g/liter NaCl at 75±5% RH, and with lg/liter NaCl at 60±5% RH, respectively.
Water loss in leaves after harvesting, was higher in the control plants than in the treatment plants grown with additional NaCl. However, NaCl treatment did not affect the nitrate and oxalate contents in the leaves.

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There are two important technologies to maintain intensive plant production. These are the cultivation technique to decrease plant growth deviation, and the monitoring technique to detect abnormal plants. The lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata L. non-heading type) cotyledons suffered by the disease, and/or by the injury of shoot tip have been observed at their seedling stage cultivated hydroponically in plant factory using fluorescent lamps. The growth injuries were caused by the contact with salt accumulation on polyurethane cube surface. The cube was utilized as root substrate support the plant. The injuries inflicted on the cotyledons prior to reaching to its leafing stage have been made delay of later growth. Not only the growth delay, but growth deviation among the plants has increased. The proper measure to prevent the cotyledons from contacting with salt accumulation on cube surface has been considered. The vinyl film applied to cube surface has efficiently prevented cotyledons from contacting with salt accumulation. The result is satisfied.

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Seedlings of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad.) were grafted to the stocks of wild moonflower (Lagenaria leucantha Rusby). In consequence of application of powders of a mineral substance (Mineral Element, Aoki-Shinji Shoten, Suikaido, Ibaraki, Japan) to the nursery pots, the growth of watermelon seedlings increased. Application of the powders specially invigorated the root growth. The optimal level of application of the powders was ca. 2 g/pot (ca. 200 g dried soil). Application of the powders at higher levels caused no harmful effects on the growth of seedlings. These results may be useful to farmers for growing healthful watermelon seedlings.

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In this study, a new machine vision system in developed for grade judgment of fruit vegetables. The system has learning ability, hence, can judge various fruit vegetables. The system was previously tested for shape grading of strawberries as presented in previous report (part 2).
This report describes the use of the new machine vision system to judge the shape of green pepper. Because of the more complicated shape of green pepper, the application software of the system is improved for judging accuracy, whereby, new extracting methods of shape feature and compound judging method of binary logic and neural network were included. The report also describes the judging processes by using the developed three application software. Test results showed that the new machine vision system with a binary logic and a multiple-layer neural network has great potential for automatic sorting of green pepper.

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The effects of the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) and concentration of culture solution on the growth of strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch. cv. Houko-uwase) plantlets rooted by the direct ex-vitro rooting method were examined. In the direct ex-vitro rooting method, the shoot elongation, rooting, and acclimatization of the plantlets are simultaneously achieved in the controlled environment. In this study, explants of micropropagated shoots were directly inserted into the rockwool plugs and cultured inside the environmental control unit by hydroponics using a culture solution at three different concentrations (0.5U : 1/2 strength of Enshi (Hori, 1966) component of culture solution for hydroponics, 0.2U : 1/5 strength of Enshi component, 0/0.2U : 0 (0-10th days) and 1/5 (11-30th days) strength of Enshi component) under high and low PPFDs (high PPFD : 180μmol m^-2 s^-1, low PPFD : 70μmol m^-2 s^-1).
After 30 days in culture, dry and fresh weights, leaf area, number of leaves, and dry weight ratio of the plantlets were measured. All these parameters were greater in a high PPFD than in a low PPFD. The shoot/root ratio was larger in a low PPFD than in a high PPFD. In a high PPFD, growth (dry and fresh weights, etc.) of plantlets was in the order of 0.5U>0.2U>0/0.2U. In a low PPFD, the effect of the concentration of culture solution on the growth of plantlets was not as obvious as that in a high PPFD.

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The growth of the strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch. cv. Houkouwase) explants/plantlets rooted by the direct ex-vitro rooting method (DM) was compared with that of those rooted by the conventional method (CM). In DM, explants taken from micropropagated shoots were inserted into rockwool plugs and cultured in the environmental control unit by hydroponics using a diluted nutrient solution. In CM, the explants were cultured and grown in vitro to the plantlets on a sugar-added medium. After rooting, they were acclimatized in the same environmental control unit. Fresh and dry weights, leaf area, number of leaves, and plant height of the plantlets were larger by the DM than CM.

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