The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationships of nursing practices and sociology. First, two origins of nursing practice were discussed from the viewpoints of the role of mother and the professionalized function of society.

Second, real and potential situations of nursing practices today was discussed in terms of increase of the elderly, internationalization, high level medical care and increase of chronic illness.

Last, it was emphasized to respect subjective awareness and the meaning of experiences of the clients.

The dual system, registered nurse and practical nurse, causes some administrative difficulties. It also prevents nurses from the maijor caring profession. The author proposes to revise the Nurse’s Act, or if it is impossible in the near future, it is need to create the better personnel-educational system in-hospital size.

The Purpose Of This Survey Is To Examine The Professional Attitude Among Clinical Nurses Who Work In Asia, North America And Europe In The Stages Of The Industrialized Societes From 1983 To 1986. According To These Results, I Analyzed The Problem Of Labor In Nursing Making use Of Social Mobility And Another Conceptions By Sociological Point Of View.

Six different types of nursing schools supply nurses (male nurses) now in Japan. In March 1989, about 30,000 graduates were supplied as nursing resources from 827 nursing schools. Here we analyzed the characteristics of the presense on nursing resources supply to a field nursing, based on which way graduates had chosen after school since 1970 to 1989. Compared with in the 1970’s, the supply of new graduates nurses increased in quantity in the 1980’s, but its elongation rate went down and finally in obtaining nursing resources. We can not but ask for it from reentering homemakers who have nurse’s licenses. Especially the level of 3-year course came up and valuing of high academic career was shown a tendency among nurses.

Prenatal diagnosis reveals various information of the fetus, including choromosomal abnormalities, inborn metaboric errors and neural tube defects. The ethical problemes arising in the procedure of such techniques are identified: safety, reliability, indications, confidentiality and morality of aborting defective fetus. Discussion on them are presented with some comment.

The analyses presented here examine relationships between the use of alternative medicine and health practices as an attitude to health. The sample is individuals aged 20 and older living in Tokyo. Multivariate analyses show that there are two attitudes to the use of alternative medicine and health practices. One is the choice of both alternative medicine and health practice except time of sleep and living a regular life, the other is the choice of either traditional medicine or health practices. Though they don’t almost related with age, education and health status, they associate with sex, the saliency of health, and the consciousness of relationship between body and mind which is a major concept of holistic health.

Eight school nurses and six psycho-therapists reported important elements of case presentation method. All elements of every report were posted in small sheets(KJ labels). They were arranged by KJ method. Two “A mode” figures are given by these processes. One “A mode” figure, reported by school nurses, suggests viewpoints of physical sides and mean of school hours. Another figure shows matters as well as a figure of school nurses. A figure of school nurses are drawn concretely.

It is especially necessary for those suffering from chronic diseases to change their lifestyle and health beliefs to pursue self care. Self help groups(SHG) are considered to be effective to these changes. Some characteristics of SHG are commitment to the group and telling one’s experiences. In this article, I analyze the telling one’s experiences in peer group, such as “kyōdō-gakusyū”, “seikatsu-tsuzurikata” and so forth. Then I compare telling one’s experiences in those groups with that of SHG. As a conclusion, I explain a way to manage SHG in Japan and express a view to establish a methodology to help the members of SHG change their lifestyle.

This investigation was conducted to review the theory and the point of issues of Self-Help Groups (SHG) in U.S.A. for the purpose for SHG studies in our country.

The implications of some findings are discussed concerning (1) the difinition and the characteristic of SHG (2)the typology and the illustrative of SHG (3)the growth and the environment of SHG (4)the originarity of support function of SHG (5)the effectiveness of support function of SHG (6)the similarity and difference between Self-Helf and Self Care (7) the role proffessional and administration to SHG.