Medical personnel who perform interventional radiology （IVR） are exposed to scattered rays emitted from the patient’s body and the X-ray tube. In this study, we developed high-performance lens radiation protective eyewear.

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There are many differences of the first selection of a clinical department for patients with an eating disorder because the eating disorder has a variety of symptoms. In general, treatments of an eating disorder are not managed at only the obstetrics and gynecology department but also at other clinical departments. Thus, cooperation with the other departments, such as the psychosomatic and mental medicine, is necessary to cure patients with an eating disorder. Regional medical collaboration is particularly important for rural areas. In this study, we conducted a survey on the actual situation of the treatment of eating disorders in Chiba Prefecture. As a response 59/100 surveys were received. It was revealed that patients with an eating disorder do not choose the department of obstetrics and gynecology in the first visit to the clinic. The collaboration of a clinic for obstetrics and gynecology with the other clinical departments is limited. It is suggested that obstetricians and gynecologists need to understand about patients with eating disorders, and that a medical system that can support their mental situation should be established for patients with eating disorders.

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Operations in the parapharyngeal space offer limited conditions based on the field of vision and working space. The important blood vessel and nerves which run through this space, often render the preoperative diagnosis troubling, due to the treatment decisions based on type, size, the localization of tumor. To date there is no clear criteria regarding the approach method and extraction method for schwannoma surgery of this site. The subjects were five cases that underwent the inter-capsular resection for a schwannoma in the parapharyngeal space from April 2014 to August 2018. The examination details were the following: tumor dimension, localization, preoperative diagnosis of tumor, preoperative symptom（s）, postoperative symptom（s）, duration of symptoms, age, sex, a diagnosis opportunity. As for schwannoma that occurred in the parapharyngeal space, there was a significant number of postoperative neurologic deficiency symptoms, but because the significant difference was absent when only permanent paralysis was examined, the efficacy of the inter-capsular resection was effective.

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The spine is a columnar structure comprised of vertebral bones with a complex shape connected like prayer beads; various pathologies are associated with its shape and arrangement. The objective of this study was to clarify the morphological characteristics of the lumbar vertebrae. The subjects were 33 examinees aged 23-49 years （18 males and 15 females, mean age: 41.0±5.8 and 41.3±7.9 years old, respectively） with no past medical history of lumbar vertebral disease or morbid lumbar vertebral symptoms who underwent the continuous acquisition of CT. A 3-dimensional lumbar vertebral model was prepared from the CT image data acquired under the condition for bone in each subject using analysis software （MIMICS VER. 19）, and the following 3 types of measurement were performed: vertebral bone volume, minimum spinal canal area, and aspect ratio of the region with the minimum spinal canal area. The lumbar vertebral characteristics were investigated in males and females. The vertebral bone volume increased as the spinal level descended in both sexes. The minimum spinal canal area was significantly wider at L5 compared with those at higher spinal levels in the males, whereas no significant difference was noted among the lumbar vertebrae in the females. Regarding the aspect ratio of the region with the minimum spinal canal area, the transverse diameter tended to increase as the lumbar spinal level descended in the males. In the females, no significant difference was noted among L1-L5, but the ratio of the transverse diameter at L5 was significantly greater than that at higher lumbar vertebral levels. These findings clarified the presence of sex differences in the morphological characteristics, and these may influence the severity of morbid symptoms, such as spinal cord compression.

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We encountered a juvenile case of unstable shoulder presenting distinct “locking”-type symptoms. A 13-year-old girl had the chief complaint of pain in the right shoulder joint and a restricted range of motion. From age 12 years, the patient perceived instability of the right shoulder with no particular cause. Right shoulder pain and sense of luxation occurred during softball throwing. Physical findings demonstrated distinct restrictions for range of motion and end-feel in the final range of motion. Magnetic resonance arthrography （MRA） images demonstrated only a slight anterosuperior injury to the glenoid lip. Mobility training was pursued, but symptoms did not improve. Two months after the injury, surgical treatment was selected. Intraoperative arthroscopic findings showed minor damage to the anterior glenoid lip. Though the damage to the glenoid lip was slight, translation of the humeral head and irritation of the glenoid lip at this site was deemed the cause of the locking symptoms; the glenoid lip was repaired by the insertion of anchors. In the postoperative progress, the range of motion improved gradually, and at final observation （4 years）, the locking symptoms and pain had disappeared.
We hypothesize that the external force of the ball-throwing activity on the glenohumeral joint manifesting joint laxity and compromised shoulder girdle function caused a sense of luxation, with subsequent injury of the glenoid lip. Though the injury was slight, we believe that repair of the glenoid lip was an effective treatment modality in this case of unstable shoulder in a young individual presenting pain and “locking”-type symptoms.

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