高圧力の科学と技術
Online ISSN : 1348-1940
Print ISSN : 0917-639X
ISSN-L : 0917-639X
15 巻, 3 号
- Physical Properties of Fluids and Their Precise Measurement Techniques under High Pressure -
選択された号の論文の8件中1~8を表示しています
高圧流体の物性と精密測定技術
  • 佐藤 春樹
    2005 年 15 巻 3 号 p. 183-190
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/10/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Thermodynamic properties such as density, heat capacities, speed of sound, enthalpy, entropy, and other properties, can be calculated from a single thermodynamic equation of state in the case of pure fluids. Equation of state representing Helmholtz free energy provides those property values accurately in wide gaseous, liquid, and supercritical phases even at high temperatures and pressures by only differential procedures, which is sometimes called as fundamental equation of state. For many important fluids like water, air, carbon dioxide, ammonia, methane, isobutane, methanol, and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), the fundamental equations of state have already been established. This article introduces these fundamental equations of state and the background of them. Some latest aspects obtained in our group on thermodynamic equations of state are also introduced.
  • 宮本 泰行
    2005 年 15 巻 3 号 p. 191-200
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/10/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    PρT property data for working fluids and other functional fluids are fundamental to estimate the compressibility and/or enthalpies for their safety and significant applications. The present paper was to review the developments in the techniques for PρT property measurements of fluids in a single phase region. Many earlier or new innovations for direct or indirect precise measurements of volume or density changes were described. Moreover, it could be also expected that a large enough number of reliable experimental PρT property data in wider ranges of temperatures and pressures for accepted HC refrigerants will be accumulated in the near future.
  • 矢田 直之
    2005 年 15 巻 3 号 p. 201-208
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/10/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Recently, the necessity of measurements for thermodynamic properties of high pressure fluids is growing for the purpose of protecting global environmental needs in industry. This report shows not only the method of experimental study for isobaric heat capacity but an example of apparatus in detail. Furthermore, it explains a development of correlations for isobaric heat capacity and their applicability to alternatives for chlorofluorocarbons.
  • 香川 澄
    2005 年 15 巻 3 号 p. 209-217
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/10/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    In order to develop a reliable equation of state for a fluid, various thermodynamic property measurements of the fluid are required. Among them, isochoric heat capacities (cv) measurements provide a very useful check for calculations of the second derivative of the pressure with respect to temperature which is challenging to measure accurately. This paper briefly explains principles and problems to measure cv, especially experimental requirements for high pressure fluids. Under high pressures, specialized electronic measuring and control techniques as well as data processing are required. Major adiabatic calorimeters and their constructions are described in accordance with this aspect. Among them, a newly-developed twin-cell adiabatic calorimeter is selected and described in detail. Also, their measurement results which show some interesting behavior of cv are introduced.
  • 東 之弘
    2005 年 15 巻 3 号 p. 218-223
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/10/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    In this paper, the simple and useful procedures of the surface tension measurement are reported. The principles and calculation methods as well as the experimental technique are also represented with respect to the typical methods, i.e., Wilhelmy method, ring method, capillary rise method, and so on. Especially, the differential capillary rise method, which is adopted by the author for the surface tension measurements under high pressures are explained in detail.
解説
  • 中原 勝
    2005 年 15 巻 3 号 p. 224-237
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2005/10/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    Here is reviewed our recent research on the title subject that has led to the Award of The Japan Society of High Pressure Science and Technology, 2004. In particular, we focus on the explanation of motivations and backgrounds for selecting the research subject as well as the scientific contents. First we show what has been thought to carry out experimental and theoretical investigations of the dynamic behaviors of electrolytes in water at high pressures. Second it is described how the high-pressure solution NMR probe has been developed to attain high resolution and sensitivity required for the study of very dilute aqueous solutions at high pressures. The newly developed high-pressure probe has enabled us to examine the dynamics of water in benzene and benzene in water; in solubility they hate each other. Third it is illustrated how our recent studies have been performed on the structure, dynamics, and reactions of supercritical water. Issues discussed here are related to the environmental and energy problems to be solved to make our life and earth sustainable in the 21st century.
総合論文
トピックス
feedback
Top