Clinical observations were made on 336 patients who developed serum hepatitis following surgery and blood transfusion, excluding hepato-cholangial disease and malignant tumors and special considerations were made on the patients who developed jaundice.
Jaundice developed in 49 of them, i, e, in 13 %. No one died of jaundice. The mean time of latent period was two months. Males were twice as females in number. The incidence increased in proportion to the amount of the blood transfusion. In the cases with heart disease, lung tuberculosis and duodenal ulcer, 30 % of patients became icteric. The liver function after the serum hepatitis did not recover soonly and had strong tendency to become chronic hepatitis.
Liver function test and viral serological studies of serial serum were made on 50 cases. Blood was collected and tested both before and after the surgery. Among the tests for serum transaminase, GPT was proved to be the most valuable for the diagnosis of the hepatitis.
Using Latex to which hepatitis candidated virus (SH-193) was adsorbed as antigen, virus latex aggulutination test (VLAR) was performed. VLAR titer raised after transfusion in 7 cases among 9 in icteric group, in 15 among 19 in non icteric with liver damage and in 10 among 22 in non liver damage group.
Although final conclusion cannot be drawn that VLAR is a specific diagnostic method for viral serum hepatitis at this moment, further studies on the problem will be hopefull for diagnosis and prevention of viral hepatitis when the methods is improved.

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Study was planned to investigate the percentage of the appearance of S-, SR- and R-type of Lactobacillus acidophilus and their distribution in the oral cavity of school children.
The results showed that the percentage of the colony count of SR-type, especially that of R-type, was found always higher than that of S-type. But the percentage of S-type was found rather higher in the gargled water harvested from the children suffered from caries. While S-type appeared in a high percentage in the softened dentine of acute caries, it was found very low in the softened dentine of chronic caries.
On the other hand, both R-and SR-type seemed to be found in all conditions examined. S-type colonies, moreover, appeared to prevail in some special environment such as acute caries and further in the deep foci to which oral flora can not invade easily.
When similar studies were made on larger number of children and similar results were obtained, it would be able to find out the difference, if any, in the pathogenicity of Lactobacillus acidophilus in dentine by type as well as the problem of the originality in the type.

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