The neuromuscular blocking properties of several phenothiazine derivatives, such as Chlorpromazine, Levomepromazine, Promethazine and Prochlorperazine were studied using rat phrenic-diaphragm preparation (Bülbring's method) and tood sciatic-sartorius preparation (Ozawa's method) and following results were obtained :
These four compounds have been found to possess a neuromuscular blocking action. Small dose of them caused increase of responses to both direct and indirect stimulation in the early stage, then gradually caused depression on the responses to indirect stimulation while no effect on the responses to direct stimulation. Large doses of them caused paralysis of muscle and both responses decreased simultaneously. Chlorpromazine was most effective among four compounds tested. No antagonistic effects were observed between these blocking agents and Eserine or K⁺.

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Mucoid M of Escherichia as well as Salmonella can be originated from Murase's M and forms a large mucoid colony of 2.5-5 mm in diameter on Galactose agar plate usually, but a non-mucoid, dwarf colony of 0.5-0.9 mm in diameter on plain agar plate. Many hitherto unknown points to us about Mucoid M were clarified. The results obtained were as follows :
1) Mucoid M is slightly more resistant to Galactose than M, when measured by cup-plate method.
2) Mucoid M lacks in motility being different from the original wild type.
3) Mucoid M shows no reaction in the acid agglutination test at pH value 2.35-4.90 (Galactose mucoid phase) .
4) Mucoid M is nearly constantly sensitive to 0.5-1 % Na₂SO₃ (cup-plate method) and forms an inhibition zone.
5) Mucoid M ferments many kinds of carbohydrates quite in the similar manner to M, but without gas (E. coli and Salm, typhi-murium) except in the case of Salm. enteritidis.
6) Volume of mucoid colony was about ten times larger than that of dwarf colony. But live organisms contained in each colony were equal in number. From these findings, it appeared that the factor which caused a difference in the size of colony was not the rate of growth, but was the size of each individual bacillus. So, Mucoid M was designated as DMl and the mucoid colony induced by Galactose was named as Galactose mucoid phase of DM₁.
7) Mucoid capsule was recognized within 40 minutes after spreading Galactose linearly near the dwarf colonies cultured one night on plain agar plate. Enlargement and mucoid forma-tion of the colony were recognized distinctly within 2 hours.
8) Dwarf and Galactose resistant mutant was constantly recovered from the old culture of Galactose peptone water.

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Purpose : Although fractures of bones have been studied extensively and actively, there is as yet no definite view concerning their mechanism of healing and opinions are conflicting in this regard. In view of this the author conducted an experiment on 2 groups of rats with experimental fracture of the femur and both comparison of healing process between the groups and the follow-up study mainly of ossification process by the use of tetracycline (Achromycin®) as a bone seeker were performed.
Method : Adult female rats with manually produced subcutaneous fracture of the femur were either left untreated (Group 1) or subjected to intramedullary fixation with kirschner wire (Group 2) and subsequently observed for the time course of healing of the fracture over a 8-week period. In each group five animals were assigned to examine every week, the animals used thus numbering 80. After being sacrificed they were performed on microangiography (after Ogawa) . Three animals of each of the five were pretreated with, 50 mg/kg TC i, p. 24 hours prior to their sacrifice ; after they received the angiography as mentioned above, bone specimens were taken from them and, were subject upon grinding, to both fluorescence microscopy and contact-microradiography.
Results ; In Group 1, excessive callus formation was noted at the site of displacement on the 4 th to 5 th week ; on the 6 th week and thereafter, its resorption was prominent and predominated, giving thus the appearance of pseudoarthrosis. In Group 2 there was an excessive callus formation noted at the fractured site for the period from the 4 th to 5 th week similarly as in Group 1, which, however, was followed by both resorption and consolidation leading to an earlier healing. The difference in the healing process noted between both groups was related to biophysical factors (i. e., the degree of rest and immobilization achieved of the affected part) . Despite serious destruction of bone marrow tissues, involving blood vessels supplying them, caused by the insertion of a solid wire into the marrow space, the fact that cure was attained earlier in Group 1 provides evidence, both angiological and histological, in support of the theory claiming that the mesenchyma which has long been believed to play an important role in the healing of fracture originates from the periosteum.
The present study utilizing TC labelling and microradiography demonstrated that bony callus derives from the deeper layer of the periosteum and that TC is incorporated in ossifying tissues (though failed to clarify the mechanism whereby this is accomplished), confirming thus the necessity of employing both procedures concurrently.
The performance of angiography, in addition to the aforementioned 2 procedures, permitted to investigate more closely the utilization by bone tissues of TC as a bone seeker and thereby to obtain valuable informations on the formation and absorption of a bony substance. This combination of investigative procedures, being entirely safe unlike the conventional methods utilizing radioisotope or alizarin red, easy to use and moreover inexpensive, will certainly find a wide clinical use.

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1) Post operative acute renal failue was observed in 8 cases (0.5 %) . As only 2 cases were alive up to date, the complication might be said the worst postoperative one.
2) Among the various factors, intensive attention should be paid to massive haemorrhage which would induce hypotension, because acute renal failures are highly observed in the patients whose hypotension continued over 15 minutes under operation.

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