昭和医学会雑誌
Online ISSN : 2185-0976
Print ISSN : 0037-4342
ISSN-L : 0037-4342
29 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • 福井 章
    1969 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 193-204
    発行日: 1969/04/28
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is clear that insulin is released by glucose infusion. This fact has been reported mainly on the basis of histological change of beta cells granulation after glucose infusion.
    The present author measured the blood sugar, the extractable pancreatic insulin and also histologically studied degranulation of beta cells, insulin in the Langerhans' islets with immunofluorecein technics at 10, 30, 60, 120, 180, 360 minutes respectively after infusion of glucose solution injected peritoneally into rats.
    The results were as follows.
    1) The decrease of beta cells granulation from the presumptive standard in 19 (34 %) of 56 islets in the pancreas was found even before glucose infusion. The maximum of beta degranulation was shown at 60 minutes after infusion, when the blood sugar level was lower than that of 10 minutes level. Though blood sugar was on the average level of 97 mg/dl at 180 minutes after glucose infusion, beta cells granulation still decreased. Thus an intimate relationship between the blood sugar level and the decrease of beta granulation could not be found. And it was recognized that beta cells degranulation was changeable under various physiological conditions. However, the increase of beta degranulation generally paralled the decrease of insulin content of Langerhans' islets.
    2) Immunological insulin in the Langerhans' islets was demonstrated by the immunofluorecein technic using labelled anti-insulin serum. Especially, the illumination was strong on the peripheral portions of the beta cell cytoplasm near the cell membrane and the islet sinusoids. This phenomenon was thought to be caused by the reaction of the dissolved and secreted insulin in the Langerhans' islets with the antiserum. On the other hand, the acid-ethanol extractable insulin of the pancreas was considered to be the whole insulin in the pancreas. Concerned the relationship between the illumination in the Langerhans' islets and the extractable pancreatic insulin content, despite the latter showed remarkable variations with the times following glucose infusion, the former changed little till 120 minutes after glucose infusion. After 180 and 360 minutes, intensity of fluorecein staining was decreased.
    3) The blood insulin levels had three peaks after glucose infusion. The first peak showed the average value of 107 μ/ml at 10 minutes after glucose infusion, this was 3 times as large as that before glucose infusion. It was suggested that the first peak showed the reactive insulin secretion from pancreas to stimulation of glucose infusion. The second peak at 60 minutes after glucose infusion, was thought to be the additional secretion of insulin following hyperglycemia. Though blood sugar was on normal level at the third peak at 180 minutes blood insulin showed to be on high level. These variations of blood insulin levels were thought to be a kind of homeostasis in biological organisms.
    4) The inverse correlation was shown between extractable pancreatic insulin contents and blood insulin levels. The extractable pancreatic insulin content decreased remarkably at 10 minutes and showed a slight increase at 30 minutes. Therefore, taking the blood insulin levels into the consideration, it may be said that new insulin synthesis as well as its release were already accelerated in the pancreas.
    At 120 minutes, the extractable pancreatic insulin content was 0.43 u/g, and almost equivalent to that before glucose infusion, but at 180 and 360 minutes, it was again decreased.
  • 岩田 正昭
    1969 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 205-233
    発行日: 1969/04/28
    公開日: 2010/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Although there are many investigations on the etiology, cause of death, and clinicopathology of the premature infant, a few reports are found on the continuously perspective study.
    The author observed the etiology and causes of death of 188 premature infants statistically and further studied perspectively the dead infants with particular reference to the relationship between their clinical and autopsy findings. Results obtained were as follows.
    a) Statistical observations on the etiology and the cause of death in premature infants.
    1) Forty three (22.9 %) were expired within 40 days after admission.
    2) Birth and mortality of premature infants observed from the age of parents: The delivery of premature and the rate of death are deeply related with maternal age. Among the younger age group of 15-19 years and older age of 40-44 years the rate of delivery is very small, and the rate of premature infants is 1.1 % respectively, while 41.5 % of delivering rate was seen among the age group of 25-29 years old. The death rate of premature infants is as small as 13.2 % among the maternal age of 30-34 years, but is very high as 36.1 % among the age of 20-24 years. Paternal age is 3 to 4 years higher than those of maternal one. The difference of paternal and maternal ages is corresponded with thier marital age difference.
    3) There is no sex difference among the living newborn, although the mortality rate in male premature is 30.8 % and in female premature 16.7 %, indicating the male mortality is significantly higher.
    4) Toxicosis and nephritis during the pregnancy were seen among the mother of 29.8% of prematurity. Previous history of miscarriage was observed in 52.1 % of poor hygienic status in 7.1 % of severe working. There were 11.7 % of rupture of the membrane and 10.1 % of Caesarian section among the abnormal deliveries, and 15.4 % of twin pregancy, 3.1 % of syphilis, deformities and blood group incompatibility among the fetal anomalies.
    5) Status of growth of premature infants at birth, smaller the body weight, circumferences of head and thorax is, higher the mortality. Particularly, smaller the every months Kaup growth index of intrauterine fetus is poorer the prognosis, and those whose ratio circumference of thorax/that of head are below 0.9 all died.
    6) Of the cause of death of premature infants the respiratory insufficiency at admission is of particular important. Apgar Score, Silverman Retraction Score taken at admission, and the graph made by the continuous changes of breathing, pulse rate, body temperature between 3 and 6 houres after admission are very helpful or the judgement of the prognosis.
    b) Relationship between the clinical and pathological findings of expired premature infants.
    1) Survival time within 18 hours: Clinical main features are nondevelopment of spontaneous respiration, weakness of cardiac output, loss of reflexes, and pathological ones are pulmonary atelectasis, extramedullary hematopoesis in lung, liver, spleen and adrenals. In particular, for short time after birth, those who had shallow respiration and goan, and got improvement of respiration by oxygen inhalation, and fell into shortly apnoea and severe cyanosis, lived as long as 3-11 hours, and showed on dissection hyaline membrane formation of the lung. In other words, pulmonary atelectasis is either associated with hyaline membrane formation or without.
    2) Survival time of 37-76 hours: Clinically they showed tachypea, tachycardia, weak weep with normal tendon reflexes and no cyanosis, and worse signs and symptomes in the course of about 24 hours until death. On the other hand, there are found pathologically, as main features, emphysema, a part of pulmonary atelectasis, petechia, and some degree of extramedullary hematopoesis in liver, and prematurity of zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex.
    3) Survival time of 8 days: Twins of 32 weeks of pregnancy.
  • (其の1) 健康幼児からのブドウ球菌に関する研究 (特に都市, 無医村地区との比較に就いて)
    佐藤 肇
    1969 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 234-244
    発行日: 1969/04/28
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    Comparative studies were performed on the Coagulase positive staphylococci which were isolated from healthy children of M Kindergaten in Ota-ku, Tokyo, with those isolated from infected children. Also, studies were made by comparing former staphylococci with Coagulase positive staphylococci isolated from also healthy children of K Nursery in Kawaguchikocho, . Yamanashi prefecture, where a doctor is not available and those isolated from infected children. The results were as follows:
    1. The effects of the spread of Coagulase positive staphylococci among the groups in. Kawaguchiko is from 1/3 to 1/5 compared with the conditions among the groups in Tokyo.
    2. Sensitivity of staphylococci to 14 kinds of various antibiotics was found to be significantly different, in the case of healthy children, according to the local environment. Strains that were isolated in the provincial “no-doctor” districts are strongly sensitive to antibiotics and there is a great difference with those strains which were isolated from the people of medical profession in the districts where there are quite many temporary carriers of tolerant strains.
    3. The majority of Coagulase positive staphylococci obtained from the groups in Kawaguchiko where doctors were not available were much more sensitive to the antibiotics compared with those isolated from the groups in Tokyo.
    4. There are quite many of Coagulase positive staphylococci which were isolated from healthy children but cannot be distinguished by the types of bacteriophage. Among these staphylococci, quite few cases are found where 80 type strains are found compared with the cases of infected children or of those people who are connected with medical profession or related work. Strains which had the tolerance to many different drugs were found in quite small number among the healthy children.
    5. Coagulase positive staphylococci which had recently been isolated from infected children and which were tolerant to quite many different antibiotics and other drugs belonged to I Group Strains in many cases, in which are included 80 and 81 type strains. Moreover, it was noted that these strains showed a strong tendency to increase.
  • 田辺 秀昭
    1969 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 245-257
    発行日: 1969/04/28
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    イヌの脳髄と筋肉内に存在する遊離Histidine誘導体を検討し, 分離された2種のジペプチドのほか非分離のOphidineについて薬理学的な実験を試みた.Histidine誘導体の分離, 同定には成犬の新鮮な脳髄410gと筋肉3600gを材料として用いた.イヌ脳髄のHistidine分画部に2物質を認めたが, 1つは1-N-Methylhistidine (14.25, μg/g) に, 他はHistidine (11.78μg/g) に一致した.また中酸性アミノ酸分画からAcetylhistidine (<10μg/g) が検出された.イヌ筋肉のHistidine分画ではHgSO4沈殿部からHistidineとCarnosineの痕跡を認めた.HgSO4濾液からは無色針状結晶 (2.1g) を得たが, 化学的諸性質および元素分析値からAnserineに一致した.
    成犬にPentobarbital Sod.静脈麻酔後Carnosine, Anserine, Ophidineを静注した.主としてCarnosineの血圧変動を観察した.Carnosine 5mg/kgによつて一過性の血圧下降が現われ, 50mgまで投与しても作用に強弱の差はあるが, 作用傾向は一様で常に一過性の血圧下降が認められた.Tachyphylaxis現象は存在しない. Atropine, Diphenhydramine, TEAB, Adrenaline, Noradrenaline との併用, 迷走, 交感神経切断犬または脊髄犬を用いた実験から, Carnosineの血圧下降の作用機序は末梢性のものであると考えられる.またCarnosineとそのMethyl化合体 (Anserine, Ophidine) の作用の相違はImidazol核のCH3基によることも明らかになつた.
    要するに, イヌ脳髄中にAcetylhistidineが検出されたことは興味ある事実で, 他方イヌ筋肉ではAnserine含量がCarnosineより高いことが特徴づけられた.血圧作用に対して種族差による相違 (家兎の場合には3つのジペプチドは何れも血圧を上昇する) が明らかになつた.
  • 武田 重三, 砂田 裕和, 野嶽 幸正, 鈴木 仁一, 高橋 亨正, 久保田 仁, 松崎 竜, 本間 昭一
    1969 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 258-260
    発行日: 1969/04/28
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    This is a report on our experience on dysgerminoma occurred in 21 year-old unmarried female.
    The tumor occurred unilaterally on the left ovary, with about 4500 ml. ascites. There were no adhesion. Its size was 19 × 13 × 12 cm., weighing 1310 gm. Right ovary showed no abnormal sign. And metastasis to the other visceral organ and lymph nodes of retroperitoneum were not observed. The tumor was confirmed to be dysgerminoma histologically. After the operation, the patient was applied 6000γ of tele 60Co to the diseased part. One year and five months after the operation, she have no symptom of recidivation.
    At the present, she is in good health and her menstrual cycle is regular.
  • 佐伯 志明, 細山田 明義, 曾 瑞彦, 鄭 彰雄, 前田 洋, 目黒 郁夫, 外丸 輝明, 江副 誠
    1969 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 261-268
    発行日: 1969/04/28
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
    In surgical patients from 11 to 77 years of age, the effects of inosine on normovolemic hypotension due to general or spinal anesthesia were studied. Of 30 patients under nitrous oxide-oxygen-halothane anesthesia, arterial pressure increased in 22 patients, and decreased in other 8 patients, after a single intravenous injection of 400, 1200 and 2000 mg inosine. Compared with 400 and 1200 mg inosine, 2000 mg inosine caused more frequently blood pressure fall. Infusion of inosine resulted in increase of pulse rate in 19 patients, decrease in 7 patients, and no change in remaining 4 patients. Higher dosages of inosine caused more often a increase of pulse rate. In the majority of patients, onset of effect on blood pressure and pulse rate was within 5 minutes, and their duration was beyond 20 minutes. On plethysmograph, amplitude of pulse wave increased significantly after administration of inosine, except in patients under deep halothane anesthesia, and in elderly patients with arteriosclerosis. On e. c. g., R-R interval was shortened with injection of inosine. On electroencephalogram, no change was observed after infusion of inosine. Effects of inosine on blood pressure and pulse rate were more inconsistent and slight in patients under spinal anesthesia than in patients under general anesthesia. No undesirable side effects were observed.
  • 池田 正夫, 直江 史郎, 小田切 光男, 伊東 佑英, 新井 治男, 鄭 政男, 風間 和男, 佐川 文明, 田代 浩二, 落合 泰彦, ...
    1969 年 29 巻 4 号 p. 269-274
    発行日: 1969/04/28
    公開日: 2010/09/09
    ジャーナル フリー
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