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北川 弘光
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谷下 一夫
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白樫 了
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多田 茂
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角田 直人, 尾崎 敦之, 近藤 克哉, 有本 英伸, 山田 幸生
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高松 洋
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小林 弘祐, 小久保 謙一
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有年 宏真, 田中 真二
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The dissolution of refrigerant into a lubricant causes a decrease in viscosity of oil and it gives a large effect on lubrication of sliding parts under refrigerant atmosphere. This paper presents the refrigerant concentration in lubrication film between a cylinder and a disk CO_2 refrigerant atmosphere. The refrigerant concentration was measured using a micro FT-IR through a sapphire window attached to a pressure vessel. The results indicate that the refrigerant concentration at the entrance is equal to the refrigerant concentration in bulk fluid but he refrigerant concentration reduces in a herzian contact area. In addition, when oil film thickness becomes thin with increasing refrigerant concentration in bulk fluid, oil tempreture, or load, the refrigerant concentration in lubrication film reduces.
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池田 幸一郎, 田中 真二, 中原 綱光
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With the increasing trend towards environmental friendly refrigerants, studies on natural refrigerants such as CO_2 have been conducted. This paper describes an analytical approach to explain a certain phenomenon inside a lubrication film, where the concentration of refrigerant changes inaccordingly to Henry's law, observed in previous experiments done with FT-IR. A theoretical model using Reynold's equation and diffusion equation was presented and numerical calculations are carried out for several sliding conditions. The calculation results were compared with measured results using FT-IR. It was also found that an increase in load results in a reduction in refrigerant concentration, and a decrease in sliding velocity results in a reduction in concentration at the entrainment area.
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伊東 祐輔, 田中 真二, 小笠原 洋佑
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This thesis describes the measurement of oil film thickness between a bush and blade in a swing type compressor with a gap sensor. The gap sensors were arranged at the top and the bottom of the bush. And, a thermocouple was placed between two gap sensors to correct the influence of temperature. The measured results show that, wedge effect act on between bush and blade from top dead centre to bottom dead centre. And wedge effect acts on inversely between bush and blade from bottom dead centre. As bottom side of the bush touches to the blade, there are thought to be mixed lubrication all the time. And as the difference between discharged pressure and suction pressure becomes larger, the oil film thickness between bush and blade becomes thinner. Further, as the rotational speed of the shaft becomes faster, the oil film thickness becomes thinner.
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伊藤 聡史, 志摩 政幸, 地引 達弘, 秋田 秀樹
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This study was conducted to investigate the behavior of acoustic emission (AE), especially the correlation between the AE output and the wear phenomena under fretting condition. Fretting tests were carried out with a ball contacted with a flat disc in air. The specimens used are a bearing steel for a ball, and a soda-lime glass for a flat disc. The results show that the behavior of the AE output and wear debris accumulated during fretting process is related to each other through the tests. In addition, the behavior of the AE output generated from glass specimen is not so similar to that from metal; it may be caused by difference of the fracture mechanism.
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野口 昭治, 和知 恭平
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A lot of problems by electric pitting of small ball bearings have come to be shown in recent years. A lot of research on electric pitting of bearings for railroad vehicles have been done, but there is little research for the small ball bearings. This is a basic experiment of electric pitting for small ball bearings (608, 6201), and this research showed that electric pitting occurred below the measure of current density of electric pitting generated by past research.
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近藤 真一, 高橋 秀雄, 関口 昌由
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Transmission in general is used under the condition of oil bath lubrication. Miniaturization of the transmission system can be achieved with the high output of the transmission by lubricating gears in a suitable condition. It is important to improve lubrication efficiency. However, it is not known yet how much lubricating oil flows on a turning cog side. The behavior grasp of the lubricating oil on the tooth side is necessary before it is engaged again. Therefore, the aim of this study is to lead a theory type to show the behavior of the mass point in the tooth interview of the helical gear. As the result of the present course of the study, I have reached the ceremony of theory of the rotary flat board.
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長谷 亜蘭, 土肥 雅人, 三科 博司
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Tribo-magnetization is the phenomenon of magnetizing frictional surfaces by tribological actions on ferromagnetic materials. In this report, the relationship between the magnetization of frictional surface and wear phenomena is discussed for Ni. The experiments were performed by a pin-on-block sliding test. The magnetization of frictional surface is examined by measuring changes of magnetic flux density on the frictional surface. Influences of lubrication and normal load on changes of magnetic flux density are investigated. In addition, in-situ experiments for the observation of magnetic domain were performed by a powder pattern method. The results of experiments show that wear particles and transfer particles on the frictional surface are cause of the tribo-magnetization on the frictional surface. Furthermore, the movement of the magnetic domain wall right under the frictional surface is observed by in-situ experiments.
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是永 敦, 中野 美紀, 村上 敬, 三宅 晃司, 佐々木 信也
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This paper describes the frictional property in conducting the micro texture on the sliding surface for the purpose of improving the tribology property of slideway in machine tool. The numerical calculation was carried out in order to attempt the optimization of shape and dimension of the texture. Some types of the texture was processed on the surface of cast iron test piece, and the experiment which measured the sliding frictional characteristic was carried out. We clarified the effectiveness of dimpled surface to reduce the change of the frictional force from the results of numerical calculation. And friction coefficient for dimple patterns tended to be low in the mix lubrication regime.
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青木 才子, 川口 雅弘, 三尾 淳, 益子 正文
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The major aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZnDTP) film formation and the friction characteristics of ZnDTP. Friction measurements were employed using two kinds of ZnDTPs and two kinds of phosphorous additives in order to compare the fiction characteristics and film thickness of ZnDTPs with those of the phosphorous additives. Several analyses of fiction surfaces such as spectroscopic ellipsometry and FT IR were also carried out in order to measure the reaction film thickness and investigate the chemical composition of the films. It was demonstrated that an increase of the film thickness tended to produce higher fiction coefficient.
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川口 雅弘, 青木 才子, 三尾 淳, 森河 和雄, 内田 聡
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In order to estimate the friction and wear properties of diamond like carbon (DLC) films, ball on disk test, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and Micro Laser Raman spectroscopy are accomplished in this study. DLC films are deposited on high speed steel (SKH51) surface by Plasma Based Ion Implantation and Deposition (PBII&D). After the sliding, the wear surface is observed by SEM, EDS and Raman spectroscopy. As the results, obvious changes in the structure of the DLC films originating from the contact interface between the substrate and the indenter are observed. This will be caused by the graphitization of the DLC films. In addition, the carbon compounds and the solid solutions of carbon and iron including the substrate hardly influence on the Raman spectra even though with and without the sliding.
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地引 達弘, 菅原 隆志, 伊藤 聡史, 志摩 政幸, 野渡 幹雄
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The process of coating films of solid powder utilizing friction have been developed, and the "Tribo-Coating Films" including hard particles were manufactured. In order to investigate the tribological characteristics, uni-directional wear tests, Bowden-Leben type friction tests, and Vicker's hardness tests were performed. In addition, the influence of additive amount of hard particles (AIN) on wear performance was also investigated.
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藤野 俊和, 岩本 勝美, 田中 健太郎
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In recent years, the techniques improving sliding performances have progressed by using coated films possessing superior tribological properties, to reduce the failures of the mechanical elements. Those techniques are often used under severe conditions such as elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL). In this paper, numerical three-dimensional analysis of the von Mises stress applied into the coated film and substrate under EHL condition was performed with a range of coated film thickness and elastic properties. The strength of coated film as one of those techniques was evaluated numerically, resulting in an optimum design of coated film. As a result, coated films with a larger value of thickness and a smaller modulus of elasticity than that of substrate are preferable.
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谷口 信雄
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T.M.G is advancing cooperation of the technology and social systems towards a battle against global warming to the scientist and the engineer. For that purpose, I will let you know social systems. The concept to policy-izing of renewable energy is three, such as "creation of demand (demand pull type measure deployment)." Social systems are shown in the "Tokyo Climate Change Strategy" as five plans, such as "Promoting private enterprises CO2 reduction emission obligation and the cap and trade system."
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石戸 彰
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In addition to the Biomass energy, wind power, fuel cells, and other renewable energy research and policy planning in Aomori Prefecture, Hachinohe city of Aomori conducts the world's first verification experiment of Mierogrid using 100% renewable energy. While Thermonuclear Experimental Reacbor (ITER) and related areas are still under researching, Aomori Prefecture takes the lead role in the field of a new hybrid-energy industry. This paper presents a summary of energy-related industrialpromotion strategy in Aomori Prefecture.
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小泉 安郎, 清水 貴弘, 高橋 優輝, 大竹 浩靖, 宮下 徹, 森 治嗣
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Characteristics of a steam injector and steam condensation phenomena on the water jet surface in the steam injector were experimentally examined. It was visually observed that there were many large waves on the water jet surface. The waves showed the tendency to grow as those proceeded downstream. It was supposed that the direct steam condensation on to the water jet surface in the steam injector was mainly controlled by the radial heat transport in the water jet. The radial heat transport in the water jet was considerably more effective than that in the usual turbulent heat transport in a pipe. The velocity, length and height of the waves that seemed to be responsible for producing the considerably effective heat and momentum transport were correlated by using the data of these obtained in the present observation experiments. Heat transfer coefficients of the direct condensation of the jet surface in the steam injector were tentatively correlated using the wave characteristics data. The results showed good trend.
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藤原 祐治, 向井 圭司
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The excrement which the cow of stock raising, a pig, and a hen take out has so far been used as a compost mainly. Because these quantity is continuing increasing, the suitable processing method is searched for towards the low of the administration of livestock excrement which will be enforced in the 2004 fiscal year. As part of the livestock excrement effective use, the chicken-droppings fuel firing fluidized bed boiler power generation plant which consume the about 42,000t chicken droppings per year collects the energies as steam and electricity was supplied to the Minami-Kyusyu Biomass in Kagoshima Prefecture by Takuma. Here, the plan outline and the commissioning result of this plant are reported.
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定塚 徹治, 千田 武志, 河合 篤, 釜野 博臣, 開澤 昭英, 秋山 友宏
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We developed heat recycling system and completed its practical experiment. This system stores waste heat that had been unutilized for its low temperature within the phase change material (PCM), and then distributes it through off-line transportation for public energy usage such as air conditioning, a hot-water supply, and other systems. In this experiment, we used waste heat (air at 350 degrees C, and warm water at 70 degrees C) from a waste incineration plant as a heat source, and stored it within two kinds of PCM which has a melting point at 58 degrees C, and 118 degrees C respectively for an air conditioning energy source at a civic center. The result proved high energy efficiency that even waste heat at low temperature was reusable as a public energy source by arranging a proper transportation method, and consequently, is able to contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
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植田 喜延, 田邊 隆之, 沼田 茂生, 森野 仁夫, 下田 英介
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This paper describes specifications and test results of the 6.6kV 100kW power system stabilizer with an electric double layer capacitor for Microgrids. A performance improvement technique by use of a fast power flow detection method is also introduced in this paper.
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河原木 雄基
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Commercialization of the Micro-grid system with renewable energy has been studied in Hachinohe citizen level organization and city office in 2007 FS. This result shows the highest barriers for commercialization due to the consensus of stakeholders' such as consumers, suppliers, power companies and etc. Then the organization decided to start restudying with new business model. Simple biomass power generation and Micro-grid has to be option for the future plan.
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飯野 穣, 田口 保博, 篠原 裕文
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Recently micro-grid with dispersed generation has focused as a new power supply system with hybrid configuration of renewable energies and high-reliability generators. To design an optimal micro-grid in practical and economical points of view, a unified metric is required to evaluate the micro-grid performance. In this paper, a unified design procedure of the micro-grid is introduced, and a new performance index, "Total Ef-ficiency of Micro-grid" is proposed. An example of a micro-grid design case with evaluation on the proposed index is shown, where the effectiveness of the proposed index for the systematic design procedure is illustrated.
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谷合 章吾, 岸野 智, 堤 博貴, 福田 勝己, 久曽神 煌
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This paper describes an automatic scraping machine to finish surface plate for manual training use. The automatic machine consists of large size positioning stage and scraper type tool. The scraper tool includes a spring, and spring force is applied by scraping motion. As a result, finished surface was compared with another surface plane finished by skilled worker. Scraped mark size and surface roughness and area proportion in the surface plate agreed well with the technician scraping. It seems to be possible to use the plane finished by this machine as a surface plate for the machining.
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関水 巧実, 原田 徹, 堤 博貴, 福田 勝己, 久曽神 煌
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This paper describes the tribology characteristics estimation of slide-way surfaces finished by scraping or grinding. Prototype experiment for slide-way surface was constructed, and friction force and floating displacement were measured by a load sensor and displacement sensors. Slide surface with different type of oil pockets were prepared as specimen. Effect of the surface property in sliding characteristics was estimated from any kind of examine. As a result, friction coefficients of flat surfaces were lower than surfaces with oil pockets in high sliding speed. And, floating displacement of flat surfaces were higher and became tends toward boundary lubrication than surfaces with oil pockets in low sliding speed.
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山根 成正, 納冨 充雄
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This study was the manufacturing method of Al or Ni-Ti thin films by vapor deposition on polycrystalline NaCl. In the case which NaC1 was melted and solidified on a ceramic plate, it is effective to make a spherical dimple on the ceramic plate. The thin films were cut along grain boundary and in rectangles because of cracks which were made by difference of coefficient of thermal expansion between NaCl and ceramic. Al and Ni-Ti thin films were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and their atoms arranged regularly. The Surface of Ni-Ti thin film was coated with golden color oxide film which made by remained water in the ceramic plate.
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藤井 裕矩, 渡部 武夫, 草谷 大郎, 小島 広久, 佐々木 進, 山極 芳樹
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Two projects are introduced to verify the performance of space tether technology. A sounding rocket will be launched in the summer of 2009 to deploy a bare electro-dynamic tape tether having a length of 300m. The other project to verify the space tether technology is a small satellite to deploy a bare 25km electro-dynamic tape tether, expected to be launched in 2013. These verifications of tether technology will lead to a large numbers of applications of space tether technology.
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鈴木 良平, 馬場 祐子, 古川 克子, 牛田 多加志
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Cells and tissues receive mechanical stimulation such as shear stress and stretching stress. It is known that these stimulation strongly influences the retention of their function. In developing vascular tissues, pulsatile flow culture, mimicking the biological environment, is known to promote the differentiation of BMCs (Bovine Marrow Stem Cells), the production of extracellular matrices, and to increase the mechanical strength of the tissues. However, the effect of the change in frequency on vascular tissue engineering has yet been researched. In this research, we designed culture apparatus that can produce pulsatile flow culture with several frequencies. By culturing with this apparatus, we examined the relation between the frequency changes and the differences in cell number, extracellular matrices, and mechanical stress.
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吉本 昌史, 古川 克子, 牛田 多加志
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It is said that compliance mismatch between a native vessel and a artificial vascular graft causes low patency after several years of implantation. To develop a vascular scaffold having a mechanical characteristics like native vessels, a bi-layered tubular scaffold composed of a porous CLLA inner layer and PLLA fibrous outer layer using electrospinning technique was fabricated. A porous CLLA scaffold was inserted to mandrel-type collector having larger diameters than inner that of CLLA tubular scaffold and PLLA was electrospun onto a pre-strained porous CLLA scaffold. In this study we researched relationships between wall thickness and each electrospinning conditions and effects of pre-straining on mechanical characteristics of fabricated multi-layered tubular scaffold.
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吉田 圭太, 荒谷 徹, 古川 克子, 牛田 多加志
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Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have the ability to renew themselves and the ability to differentiate all blood cell types. They play an important role in the treatment of leukemia. They are extracted from peripheral blood or bone marrow, however, the rate of HSCs is rare. So a system which extracts HSCs from peripheral blood or bone marrow efficiently and gently is required. We developed a cell sorting system using a cone-plate rheometer for extraction of rare cells from cell mixture. The separation principle of this system is based on specific adhesion by the antigen-antibody reaction between cells and antibody-coated plate. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of this cell sorting system.
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堀内 大輔, 吉田 真, 太田 正廣
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Photosynthesis is a potential candidate for sustainable solar energy conversion. Fluorescent proteins, which are originated from some non-photosynthetic organisms, lengthen wavelength of incident light and emit as fluorescent light. Efficiency of photosynthesis can be improved by fluorescent proteins that convert photosynthetically inactive light into photosynthetically active one. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate this experimentally. Purple photosynthetic bacteria were incubated in the presence of fluorescent protein whose optical characteristics is appropriate for the strategy. Samples with fluorescent protein showed higher cell concentration than those without it after exponential phase. It was suggested that fluorescent protein helps photosynthesis of purple photosynthetic bacteria.
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中村 嘉宏, 長嶺 太, 池田 充, 光用 剛, 鈴木 昌弘
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As the maximum speed of Shinkansen increases, it becomes more important to resolve aerodynamic problems relating to a pantograph. These problems are related with shape of pantograph panhead. In the previous study, the shape of the panhead was designed by an optimizing method with CFD. The purpose of this study is to develop a new kind of wind tunnel model to obtain aerodynamic characteristics of various cross-sectional shapes for experimental shape-optimization. Wind tunnel testing was carried out to estimate the efficiency of the model. As a result, it has been confirmed that aerodynamic characteristic of the developed wind tunnel model which is composed of film and frame agrees well with that of solid model.
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高桑 晋, 榎本 秀喜, 渡邉 直人
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 11702
発行日: 2008/03/13
公開日: 2017/06/19
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Wind noise generated by automotive door mirrors was calculated using CFD simulations. To predict wind noise effectively, the flow field around a door mirror was calculated by applying a zooming analysis. In this technique, the results of a steady flow analysis around a vehicle were used as boundary conditions of the zooming model. Pressure fluctuations on the door mirror and side glass were successfully predicted with a good accuracy. The average of the fluctuations on the side glass in the frequency domain shows a good correlation with the interior wind noise measurement in an anechoic wind tunnel experiment. From these results, we confirmed that this technique reduced calculation time and predicted wind noise performance effectively.
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岩沢 亮, 大久保 信行, 戸井 武司
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 11703
発行日: 2008/03/13
公開日: 2017/06/19
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In recent vehicle industry, the quiet interior sound when running is one of the additional values. At present, the attention treads from the overall sound to the existence of a local sound and further improvement for quietness is aimed. In this paper, the door seal that is one of the factors when exterior noise is transmitted into interior is focused and the prediction of interior sound is conducted experimentally.
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奥村 武, 大久保 信行, 戸井 武司, 赤間 洋
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 11704
発行日: 2008/03/13
公開日: 2017/06/19
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According to increase of the long time and distance driving, reduction of the noise in cabin is problem as one of the comfort improvement in truck cabin. Many of causes of noise in cabin are vibration (structured borne noise) and emission sound (air borne noise) from engine. Noises for the frequency range about 200-500[Hz] causes air borne are difficult to solve. In this research, by paying attention to vibration characteristic of floor panel that separates engine room and cabin, a structural changing method that can reduce interior noise efficiency is established.
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鈴木 正純, 大久保 信行, 戸井 武司, 姫野 賢治
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 11705
発行日: 2008/03/13
公開日: 2017/06/19
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This paper suggests the identification technique of difference of exciting force in order to evaluate tire road noise due to difference of road surface. First, the vibration state of the object is calculated by use of inverse numerical acoustics from the near-field noise date because it is difficult to measure directly the vibration state of the moving tire. Second, the exciting force is identified from the calculated vibration state and the vibration characteristics of the object.
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吉田 聖一, 関根 和喜, 光田 司
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 11706
発行日: 2008/03/13
公開日: 2017/06/19
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The floating roofs are widely used to prevent evaporation of content in the large oil storage tanks. The 2003 Tokachi-Oki earthquake caused severe damage to the floating roofs due to liquid sloshing. The structural integrity of the floating roofs for the sloshing is urgent issue to establish for the petrochemical and oil refining industries. This paper presents the axisymmetric finite element analysis for the sloshing response of floating roofs in cylindrical storage tanks. The hydrodynamic coupling of fluid and floating roof under seismic excitation is taken into consideration in the analysis. It is assumed that the fluid is incompressible and inviscid, and the roof is linear elastic while the sidewall and the bottom are rigid The theory for the finite element analysis in which the behavior of the fluid is formulated in terms of dynamic pressure as the Eulerian approach is developed The basic vibration characteristics of the floating roof, such as natural frequencies and vibration modes, can be obtained from the analysis. These give engineers important information on the floating roof design.
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野上 正博, 佐藤 勇一, 長嶺 拓夫, 森 博輝
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 11707
発行日: 2008/03/13
公開日: 2017/06/19
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When elastic objects are located in the flow region, unstable vibrations occur due to coupling between motions of the objects and the flow region. This report treats the unstable whirling of an elastic bar that is located close to a circular cylinder in the flow region. Fundamental characteristics that include the whirling directions and the influence of some parameters are examined experimentally. Experimental results clarify that the whirling direction of the elastic bar depends on the positional relationship between the bar and the cylinder.
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金谷 隆治, 大宮 慶亮, 藤本 滋
原稿種別: 本文
セッションID: 11708
発行日: 2008/03/13
公開日: 2017/06/19
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Structural damping can be improved by installing high damping alloy in steel structures. This paper presents the results of fundamental study to increase structural damping by adding high damping alloy in the steel structure. Vibration tests using models composed of stainless steel plate and Mn-Cu alloy plates, and vibration analyses of the experimental models were carried out to investigate damping ratios and natural frequencies of these complex plates. From the experimental and analytical results, the effects of installation positions of the Mn-Cu alloy plate on the damping ratios and frequencies of the stainless steel plate are clarified.
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