To build a sustainable society that considers the global environment while maintaining its vitality and ensuring the health comfort, safety, and security of its citizens, we must build innovative machines that satisfy multiple requirements at the same time. We define the "Extended Nano Space" as the transitional space in which phenomena in nano space are extended to the micro space. We seek to create innovative machines that display results not seen until now by exploiting phenomena induced in this space through control of nano. Through the approaches described above, we will foster internationally competitive young researchers who will be the future leaders in industry and academia. We will carry out education and research in a seamless manner.

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Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) have the potential to revolutionize our sensing and information gathering capabilities in areas such as environmental monitoring and homeland security. Flapping wings with suitable wing kinematics, wing shapes, and flexible structures can enhance lift as well as thrust by exploiting large-scale vortical flow structures under various conditions. However, the scaling invariance of both fluid dynamics and structural dynamics as the size changes is fundamentally difficult. The focus of this presentation is to assess the recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity. It is realized that a variation of the Reynolds number (wing sizing, flapping frequency, etc) leads to a change in the leading edge vortex (LEV) and spanwise flow structures, which impacts the aerodynamic force generation. While in classical stationary wing theory, the tip vortices (TiVs) are seen as wasted energy, in flapping flight, they can interact with the LEV to enhance lift without increasing the power requirements. Surrogate modeling techniques can assess the aerodynamic outcomes between two- and three-dimensional wing. The combined effect of the TiVs, the LEV, and jet can improve the aerodynamics of a flapping wing. Regarding aeroelasticity, chordwise flexibility in the forward flight can substantially adjust the projected area normal to the flight trajectory via shape deformation, hence redistributing thrust and lift. Spanwise flexibility in the forward flight creates shape deformation from the wing root to the wing tip resulting in varied phase shift and effective angle of attack distribution along the wing span. Numerous open issues in flapping wing aerodynamics will be highlighted.

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Piezoelectricity has become part of everyday life yet unknown to many. As actuators and sensors piezoelectric materials are finally getting to be part of everyday applications such as simple alarms and complex energy harvesting systems. Yet every day other applications are being developed. With the advances on microelectronics and low power consumption devices many applications of piezoelectricity are now possible. In the field of actuation, precise positioning devices and motors are now part of the market. As sensors the main area of research is self-powered devices that convert one type of energy to another. This paper presents a review of recent advances of piezoelectric composites and related technologies.

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JAXA is carrying out research and development of a mobile robot aimed at lunar and planetary exploration. This paper gives an overview of JAXA's lunar and planetary exploration strategy by using space robots.

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