Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan
Online ISSN : 1880-7488
Print ISSN : 0514-5163
ISSN-L : 0514-5163
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Volume 64, Issue 12
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Special Issue on Corrosion and Protection
Foreword
Technical Topic
Original Papers
  • Dissolution and Repassivation with Passivity Breakdown of Various Metallic Biomaterials in Bio-Mechano-Chemical Environment
    Kotaro DOI, Sayaka MIYABE, Shinji FUJIMOTO
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 981-988
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.981
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Dissolution and Repassivation during and after passivity breakdown of four kinds of metallic biomaterials in simulated body fluid were examined using rapid straining electrode test. The materials were pure titanium, Ti-6Al-4V alloy, Type 316L stainless steel and Co-Cr alloy. Rapid straining was applied for electrodes of these materials that were immersed in a simulated body fluid containing proteins for 1 day, 1 week or 1 week with cell culturing prior to the test, then changes in strain, stress and anodic current were observed simultaneously. The maximum anodic current density during rapid straining was observed for pure titanium. However, maximum charge density generated after rapid straining until 100 s from the termination of rapid elongation was observed for Type 316L stainless steel. These results suggest that the amount of dissolution of metallic biomaterials with passivity breakdown depends on the equilibrium potential of metal substrates and repassivation rate. The charge densities generated on the samples immersed for 1 week in the simulated body fluid prior to the rapid elongation and covered with cells was larger than that generated on the sample immersed for 1 day in pure Ti, Ti-6Al-4V alloy and Type 316L stainless steel. The highest increase rate of the charge density was confirmed in the sample covered with cells of Type 316L stainless steel.
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  • Long-Term Evaluation of the Protective Effect against Interference Corrosion Inside High-Temperature and High-Pressure Water Pipelines
    Akinobu NISHIKAWA, Hidemasa NONAKA, Shinji FUJIMOTO
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 989-996
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.989
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    Corrosion of the inner surface of steel pipes around the insulating joints under cathodic protection not to corrode the outer surface of their buried pipes was experienced for the pipelines of a district heating and cooling system supplying a high-temperature and high-pressure water. In order to prevent such interference corrosion induced by the protection current flowing out to the supplying water, the single insulating joints were replaced by the double insulating joints at both ends of titanium short pipes and the thick steel pipes (STPG) for anodic side. The performance of these countermeasures for 14 years’ service was studied by inspection of materials collected from the field and laboratory tests. The localized corrosion of STPG pipes at anodic site has been suppressed as low for service of 20 years. The titanium short pipe also does not exhibit no distinct corrosion damage at anodic part, nor hydrogen embrittlement at cathodic part. Furthermore, the resistance at insulating joints can be predicted by a simple numerical model based on electrochemical parameters obtained by laboratory tests simulating the behavior of titanium and steel in the high-temperature and high-pressure water.
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  • Influence of Anodic Current on Corrosion Protection of Buried Steel Pipeline under Cathodic Protection
    Tomoyuki NAGAI, Hidefumi YAMANAKA, Akinobu NISHIKAWA, Hidemasa NONAKA
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 997-1002
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.997
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    Cathodic protection is being applied to buried steel pipelines and polarized potential of pipelines is kept less noble than the protection potential criterion, -0.85 V vs. Cu/CuSO4. However, instantaneous anodic current has been infrequently observed in some fields even though polarized potential of pipelines is kept less noble than the protection potential criterion. In this study, the influence of instantaneous anodic current on corrosion protection of buried steel pipelines under cathodic protection was evaluated and the oxidation reaction causing anodic current was investigated to some extent. As a result, it was found that most of the anodic current was not attributed to corrosion reaction and the maximum value of corrosion rate of steel was as little as 1.8 μm/year. Therefore, it was considered that there was no matter on buried steel pipelines even though the instantaneous anodic current occurred under the protection potential criterion. It was estimated that some part of the anodic current was attributed to the oxidation reactions of components in soil and of rust on the steel surface.
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Review
Original Papers
  • Effect of CFRTP Forming Temperature on Flexural Strength and Hardness Using Pendulum Type Hardness Tester
    Tetsushi KABURAGI, Ryosuke SUZUKI, Masashi KUROSE, Masaaki MATSUBARA, ...
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 1010-1017
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.1010
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    In order to evaluate the effect of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) forming temperature on the flexural strength in a non-destructive inspection, the relationship between the flexural strength and the hardness using pendulum hardness tester was investigated in the CFRTP laminated sheets molded at some different temperatures. Carbon fiber of plain weave and acrylic resin (PMMA) were used as reinforcement and matrix, respectively. The laminated sheet was formed by hot pressing. As a result, the flexural strength increased with increasing forming temperature. The new damping hardness (HDH) measured by the pendulum type hardness tester showed a good correlation with the flexural strength. In the laminated sheet formed at low temperature, the damping hardness measured at different position exhibited large deviation. This variation is due to the random array of fiber bundles. Therefore the homogeneity and the mechanical properties of CFRTP can be estimated in a non-destructive testing by the damping hardness measured at a number of positions.
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  • Remarks for Relationship Between Interfacial Average Stress in Delamination and Non-dimesional Intensity of Stress Singularity for Bonded Strips (Stress Analysis Based on FEM Using Singular Element)
    Takahiko KURAHASHI, Satoshi OSHIMA, Kazuki IBE, Yutaro WATANABE, Toshi ...
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 1018-1025
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.1018
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    In this study, we clarified relationship between the interfacial average stress and the non-dimensional intensity of stress singularity for aluminum bonded joints. In experiments, delamination tests were carried out by changing thickness of the adhesive layer, and the delamination force for each thickness of the adhesive layer was obtained. In addition, the intensity of stress singularity for each bonded joints model was computed by results of stress analysis based on the FEM using Akin singular element. Consequently, the relationship between the delamination force and the intensity of stress singularity could be obtained. However, this relation can't be directly applied to evaluate the delamination force, because the value of the order of singularity is different at each target problem. Therefore, in this study, the non-dimensional intensity of stress singularity was calculated based on applied force and characteristic length, i.e., width and thickness of adhesive layer, and the relationship between the interfacial average stress in delamination and the non-dimensional intensity of stress singularity was finally derived.
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  • Fatigue Strength of Bending-Worked Cold Rolled Carbon Steel Sheet under Out-of-Plane Bending
    Hikaru OHKAWA, Isao OHKAWA
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 1026-1033
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.1026
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    Fatigue tests were conducted on 90°V-shape bending-worked cold rolled steel sheet specimens under fully-reversed out-of-plane bending to investigate the fatigue strength of bending-worked plates. The tests were also performed on low-temperature annealed specimens with no work-hardened layer formed by the bending-work. For annealed specimens, the fatigue strength decreased with reduction in radius of curvature of bending. The fatigue life can be estimated with sufficient accuracy taking account of the influence of elastic-plastic stress concentration at critical location. For bending-worked specimens without annealing, the fatigue strength was relatively higher than those of annealed bent specimens in relation to the existence of work-hardened layer. The increase of fatigue strength due to work-hardening was estimated based on the difference in S-N diagrams of both specimens. Consequently, the fatigue life of bending-worked specimens without annealing can be evaluated taking the effects of stress concentration and work-hardening into consideration.
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  • A Study on electromagnetic wave shielding of the mortar mixed with carbon powder
    Shinichiro TAKAI, Shosuke FUJIWARA, Tatsuro HAYASHI, Tomoji KUMANO
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 1034-1040
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.1034
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    We focus on the carbon powder as a conductive material which provides new feature and added value to concrete. In this study, the electromagnetic wave shielding property of mortar with carbon powder was examined by transmission test and reflection test.Also, complex specific permittivity that indicates the electrical property of material was calculated from experimental result of transmission test. Accordingly, in the transmission test, transmission amount turned out to be decreasing along with increase of carbon powder additive rate, and electromagnetic wave shielding property was improved. It was found that presumed complex specific permittivity tends to be largeboth on real part and imaginary part, along with increase of carbon powder additive rate.
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  • Development of Nano-C/C Composites with Bacterial Cellulose and Tribological Properties
    Lkhagvasuren UUGANSUREN, Yoshihito OZAWA, Tokio KIKUCHI
    2015 Volume 64 Issue 12 Pages 1041-1046
    Published: December 15, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: December 20, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.64.1041
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    Bacterial cellulose (BC) is one of the eco-friendly materials, and is synthesized by several species of bacterium. In this paper, the fabrication method of Carbon/Carbon composites made from BC and Phenol resin, and its tribological properties were investigated. In order to clarify the effect of temperature in fabricating process on tribological properties, the testing specimens were carbonized at various carbonizing temperatures and heating rates. The tribology test for nano-C/C composites was conducted under dry sliding condition. The mean friction coefficient took the low values of 0.12 ~ 0.20 for 10°C°・h-1, the specific factors of wear element loss varied at 2.71×10-10 ~ 8.33×10-10 mm2/N. It was revealed from the experimental results that with an increase in the carbonizing temperature, nano-C/C composites exhibited better wear resistance, higher hardness and bending strength.
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