Nippon Eiyo Shokuryo Gakkaishi
Online ISSN : 1883-2849
Print ISSN : 0287-3516
ISSN-L : 0287-3516
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Volume 68, Issue 3
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Original Papers
  • Effect of Short- and Medium-chain Fatty Acid Intake on Cognitive Score Decline over 8 Years among Community-dwelling Elderly
    Rei Otsuka, Yuki Kato, Yukiko Nishita, Chikako Tange, Tomoko Imai, Fuj ...
    2015 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 101-111
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.68.101
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    To clarify any associations of short- and medium-chain fatty acid intake with cognitive decline, we studied 298 men and 272 women aged 60 years and older at the baseline who participated at least once in the follow-up study of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences - Longitudinal Study of Aging. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) . Nutritional intake was assessed using a 3-day dietary record. Cumulative data for participants with an MMSE score of >27 in the second wave (baseline) were analyzed using a generalized estimation equation. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for an MMSE score of ≤27 (cognitive score decline) in each study wave according to a 1 standard deviation (SD) increase of short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acid intake at the baseline were estimated after adjusting for sex, age, follow-up time and other covariates. The multivariate-adjusted OR for a decline in MMSE score (≤27) was 0.86 (95％CI: 0.75-0.98) with a 1-SD increase intake of short-chain fatty acids (181 mg/day) , 0.84 (0.74-0.95) for medium-chain fatty acids (232 mg/day) , and 0.89 (0.76-1.04) for long-chain fatty acids. Short- and medium-chain fatty acid intake may prevent cognitive score decline in community-dwelling elderly.
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  • Study of Age-related Serum Hepcidin-25 and Iron Accumulation in Rats
    Fumiko Sakata, Hiroaki Takahashi, Junko Souba, Hitomi Hagiwara, Kazuo ...
    2015 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 113-118
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.68.113
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Although iron is an essential trace element for energy production and synthesis of red cells, excess iron causes cell damage because the living body lacks a pathway for passive iron elimination. Iron accumulates in animal tissue as a result of aging. Hepcidin-25 is a peptide hormone that negatively controls iron metabolism through suppression of iron secretion from reticuloendothelial macrophages and iron absorption from the intestine. Our present investigation of the relationship between serum hepcidin-25 and age-related iron accumulation revealed that the level of hepcidin-25 increased with aging. It was suggested that induction of hepcidin-25 led to accumulation of iron in reticuloendothelial macrophages and suppressed the absorption of iron from the intestine through reduced production of red cells and a reduction in the growth rate. In addition, iron accumulation was further increased due to suppression of iron secretion from reticuloendothelial macrophages by hepcidin-25. Further nutritional investigations are needed to clarify the need for iron and the chemical state of iron for absorption in non-bleeding mature and aged animals.
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  • Effects of Softened Kombu Supplementation on Parameters Related to Metabolic Syndrome in Mice with Diet-induced Obesity
    Azumi Yamagishi, Haruka Kudo, Seiichiro Aoe
    2015 Volume 68 Issue 3 Pages 119-128
    Published: 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: June 19, 2015
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.4327/jsnfs.68.119
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with softened kombu on parameters related to metabolic syndrome in mice with diet-induced obesity. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups and fed a high-fat diet containing cellulose (CO group) , dried kombu (IN group) and softened kombu (SO group) corresponding to 5% total dietary fiber for 12 weeks. As a result, the total liver lipid content, and the serum concentrations of insulin and leptin were significantly lower in the study groups than in the CO group. Significant differences in abdominal fat mass, adipose tissue cell size and serum cholesterol concentration were observed between the SO group and the CO group. The expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) and diacylglycerol acyl transferase 1 (DGAT1) was lower in the SO group than in the CO group. These results indicate that dietary supplementation with softened kombu is more effective than dried kombu for improving parameters related to metabolic syndrome.
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