The Japanese Journal of Pediatric Dentistry
Online ISSN : 2186-5078
Print ISSN : 0583-1199
ISSN-L : 0583-1199
Volume 45, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
  • Shape and Development of the Epiglottis
    Yumiko Sone, Shoji Hironaka, Ryuzo Kanomi, Yoshiharu Mukai
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 377-383
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Objectives: The epiglottis plays a main role in swallowing reflex action. Swallowing and respiration naturally cooperate, and the epiglottis automatically works as a cover of the trachea. The epiglottis controls swallowing and respiration, while asphyxia and aspiration may be produced by abnormal actions of the epiglottis. The aim of this article is to describe the three-dimensional shape and development of the epiglottis using cone-beam CT (CBCT).
    Subjects and Methods: Hellmann dental age was used as a representative developmental index, and categorized into stages from IIC to IVA. Each stage had ten boys and ten girls. For a total of, fifty boys and fifty girls, one hundred children, (mean age: 10 y 6 m) were examined. They had individually normal occlusion, and had not under gone any orthodontic treatment. Their epiglottis did not touch their inner wall of the pharynx, and their epiglottic vallecula were open in the relaxed position. The width, depth, thickness and length of the epiglottis were measured using CBCT, and the development of the epiglottis was examined and analyzed.
    Results: The width and length of the epiglottis significantly increased from stages IIC to IVA of Hellmann dental age, the depth, however, did not significantly change during these periods. The thickness of the epiglottis also moderately increased from IIC to IVA.
    Conclusion: CBCT was a useful piece of equipment for analysis of the epiglottis. The development pattern of the epiglottis was examined during the period from the stage IIC to IVA of Hellmann dental age. The width and length of the epiglottis did significantly increased, while the depth of the epiglottis did not significantly change during these periods. The depth of the epiglottis might increase before IIC. These results indicate that the depth of the epiglottis developed ahead of the width and length.
    Download PDF (2300K)
  • Yuka Kajii, Yo Taguchi, Tadashi Noda
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 384-392
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Records of patients who visited the Pediatric Dental Clinic, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital for initial examination in 1980,1988,1996 and 2004 were investigated to discover changes in the dental conditions and requirements of patients and in the nature of our practice over the past 25years. The following results were obtained:
    1. The numbers of patients who visited our clinic for their first dental examination in 1980,1988,1996 and 2004 amounted to 1,079,808,526 and 427, respectively. It seemed that the declining trend was related to the lowering of the birthrate in Niigata prefecture.
    2. The proportion of patients whose chief complaint was dental caries decreased successively, in 1980,1988,1996 and 2004. In contrast, the percentage with malocclusion, tooth abnormality or examination increased.
    3. The number of referral patients from other dental clinics increased in 1996 and 2004, double that of 1980.
    4. In the case of the primary teeth, the number of teeth with severe dental caries decreased gradually in 1980,1988,1996 and 2004. The proportion of primary teeth treated with composite resin increased. In contrast, the proportion of teeth extracted and teeth treated with metal crowns or resin jacket crowns decreased.
    5. In the case of the immature permanent teeth, while the number of teeth treated decreased steadily in 1980,1988 and 1996, it increased once again in 2004. The proportion of permanent teeth treated with fissure sealant or composite resin increased.
    6. The proportion of patients who visited periodically for more than 5 years to undergo oral examinations increased gradually in all age groups in 1980,1988 and 1996.
    Download PDF (1775K)
  • Tomoko Kondou, Tomomi Sugiyama, Jin Asari, Mitsuko Inoue
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 393-398
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years, the occurrence of dental caries in children has tended to decrease. However, disabled children still show a higher rate of dental caries than other children. This is assumed to be attributable to a specific oral health problem of disabled children. In order to provide useful oral hygiene instruction for disabled children, examinations of the dental caries where conducted on 151 preschool disabled children who went to institutions in S ward in the Tokyo metropolitan area as well as having their parents respond to a questionnaire for 7 years, from 1999 to 2005.
    The results are shown below: 1
    1. While numerous disabled children were provided with between-meal snacks, at the set times drinks were freely provided. The method of providing between-meal snacks and drinking was highly related to dental caries.
    2. While the contents of the between-meal snacks were less related to dental caries, the contents of the drinks were highly related to dental caries.
    3. The relationship between teeth brushing habits and dental caries shows a low correlation, but not in terms of the person brushing the his/her teeth, the number of times or the duration of brushing.
    As a result, the instruction concerning of mouth cleaning methods corresponding to the disabled is considered necessary as well as further instruction to parents concerning the provision of betweenmeal snacks and drinks.
    Download PDF (834K)
  • Kensuke Matsune, Katsumi Miyoshi, Takeharu Inoue, Kiyoshi Matsubara, Y ...
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 399-404
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome includes a large tongue, and tongue reduction surgery is conducted if necessary. Although the possibility of a decrease in taste after surgery has been reported, as possible no actual change in taste has been reported. A questionnaire was, consequently, conducted concerning dietary habits and 18 responses were obtained. Four predictor variables of multiple regression analysis were assumed, gender, age, past surgery history and the years after surgery, and the items in which significant differences were observed were extracted by a stepwise analysis and investigated. As a result, it was found that the infants who underwent the surgery tended to be affected with regard to the nine items such as “likes fruits”, “likes noodles”, “mother has strong likes or dislikes”, “food size”, “likes ketchup seasoning”, “likes strong tastes”, “likes meat grilled food better than cooked otherwise”, “has food preference” and “wants to eat noodles more freely”. They were found to tend to like strong tastes, in particular. Because of improved mastication and swallowing as a result of the surgery, they tended to like noodles and the number of their favorite seasonings increased.
    Download PDF (851K)
  • Hiroki Matumoto, Hatsue Kakuta, Hiroyuki Natsubori, Rikako Harada, Mit ...
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 405-411
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this investigation was to understand the presently required role of the pediatric dentistry and to pursue the suitable correspondence. The subjects were 1418 first visit child patients in our pediatric dental clinic.
    The following resu lts were obtained by this survey.
    1. Many of the first visit patients in our clinic were non-cooperative and difficult patients during dental treatment.
    2.62.6% of the patients were residents of the city of Morioka and its suburbs. The fact that 50.8% of the patients from other areas were referred by the local dentists indicated the role of this university clinic as a secondary-dental-care organization
    3. The ratio of the referred patients to the entire number of first visit patients was 38.7%. The tendency of the number of referrals from practitioners and medical clinics in our university to increase indicated our position as a secondary-dental-care organization.
    4. The most frequent (40.6%) reason for the visit to our clinic was dental caries and this reflects the demand for dental care for low aged or non-corporative patients
    5. The number of dental caries of these patients was larg er than that of the average Japanese children surveyed by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and the severity of dental caries also exceeded the average.
    Download PDF (1265K)
  • Kyoko Satoh, Tomonori Hoshino, Taku Fujiwara
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 412-418
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Nursing caries is defined as the rampant caries in infants when the smooth enamel surface of the primary dentition is extensively decalcified, having been a serious problem in pediatric dentistry. It has been thought that lactose contained at a concentration of 7% in infant formula and mother's milk is an important pathogenic factor in nursing caries. There have therefore been many reports concerning the relationship between nursing caries and infant formula or mother's milk. The formation mechanism of nursing caries and, especially the participation of lactose are however unknown. In this study, we investigated acid production from lactose of mutans streptococci enclosed in glucan-biofilm to discuss its cariogenicity in nursing caries.
    Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus were cultured with sucrose containing broth in a tilted test tube to allow biofilm formation. The glucan-biofirm was washed and test sugar solutions were added to determine acid formation.
    Mutans streptococci cultured in the planktonic condition were able to metabolize lactose and produce the organic acid. On the other hand, mutans streptococci enclosed in glucan-biofilm scarcely showed the metabolism of lactose and the production of acid. Moreover, addition of low concentration of sucrose as the reproduced in vitro model, the mutans streptococci enclosed in glucan-biofilm could not also produce acid from lactose.
    Download PDF (1990K)
  • Part I: The relationship between the duration of decalcification and the caries status in children
    Takeshi Oku, Noriko Igata, Koki Shigeta, Youich Yamasaki
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 419-423
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We developed computer software which works out the duration of decalcification and recalcification of the teeth based on the Stephan curve and the critical pH.
    Making use of this software, we examined a total number of 234 children (115 males and 119 females)aged between three and fourteen with an average of six years of age and the following results were obtained.
    1. The number of dental caries had a tendency to increase in proportion to the duration of decalcification.
    2. The index of DMF (dmf) tooth correlated positively to the duration of decalcification significantly.
    These results suggested that the duration of decalcification obtained by the use of this software correlated to the state of dental caries.
    Download PDF (1246K)
  • Tomomi Sugiyama, Tarou Kamiya, Yumi Itagaki, Satomi Kobayashi, Jin Asa ...
    2007 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 424-429
    Published: June 25, 2007
    Released on J-STAGE: January 18, 2013
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In recent years, the number of children with allergies has been increasing, but the prediction and corresponding methods of allergy identification have not yet been established. Three cases are reported below in which allergy testing was conducted for dental drugs and materials with the cooperation of the pediatric department in our university.
    Case 1: A 1 year 7 months old male infant with a history of being allergic to an antibacterial medicine and some food. In order to set a removable space maintainer after extraction due to dental caries or external injury, intracutaneous tests of local anesthetics and patch tests using filling materials, denture base resins and metals were conducted, resulting in allergic reactions to composite resins and some local anesthetics being identified.
    Case 2: A 5 year 10 month old female infant was diagnosed as being allergic composite resins by a nearby dental clinic and, for a close examination, patch tests using filling materials, denture base resins and metals were conducted, resulting in allergic reactions to restorative resins and some metals being identified.
    Case 3: A 2 year 6 monthe old female infant with a systemic illness and being allergic to some food was the subject of an intracutaneous test of local anesthetics and patch tests using filling materials, metals and fluoride, resulting in allergic reactions to restorative resins, some local anesthetics and fluoride being identified.
    As described above, in order for children with a history of allergies to avoid serious allergic reaction, there is a need for the establishment of a system that enables an early appropriate response through sufficient medical consultations with chidren and their families and by maintaining close coordination with institutions, including the pediatric departments.
    Download PDF (894K)
feedback
Top