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Volume 52 (2014)
- Issue 4 Pages 471-
- Issue 3 Pages 409-
- Issue 2 Pages 219-
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Volume 52, Issue 4
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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REVIEW
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Ayuchi KOJIMA2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 471-479
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStreptococcus mutans, a pathogen of dental caries, occasionally causes infective endocarditis following bacteremia. In our previous study, we found that S. mutans strains isolated from the blood of patients with bacteremia aggravated cerebral hemorrhage in stroke model mice, while we also incidentally observed abnormal intestinal conditions in those animals. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are types of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by repeated periods of remission and relapse. Although intestinal bacterial flora is known to be a potential risk factor for IBD, others remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated possible mechanisms of aggravation of IBD by S. mutans. Significant aggravation of colon inflammation and increased mortality were observed in mice administered with a specific S. mutans strain via the jugular vein, and administration of the neutralizing antibody against IFN-γ improved those conditions. As for the mechanism, we speculated that bacteria in the bloodstream survive for a longer duration by resisting clearance, which would be advantageous for later localization in liver tissue. Furthermore, bacteria possessing a cell-surface collagen-binding protein may demonstrate improved binding to hepatocytes. Subsequently, the infecting bacteria induce cytokines such as those related to IFN-γ secretion, leading to an imbalance in the immune system. Finally, our results indicated that bacteremia caused by various oral streptococcal species such as Streptococcus sanguinis may also be a risk factor for aggravation of colitis.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Kaido KUMAZAWA2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 480-486
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of exposure to amoxicillin on tooth development remain to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate those effects on rat incisor odontogenesis. Male Wistar rats weighing approximately 100 g were given a single intraperitoneal injection of amoxicillin at 3.0 g/kg of body weight. One week after injection, the rats were euthanized, then the lower incisors were obtained,demineralized, and prepared as paraffin sections for light microscopy (LM) and immunohistochemistry examinations. In addition, non-demineralized samples were embedded in resin and ground for processing for contact microradiography (CMR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Serum calcium, phosphate, and magnesium concentrations were also measured. At 1 week after amoxicillin administration, LM, CMR, and SEM revealed a clear increase in the area of interglobular dentin, representing disruption of mineralization by odontoblasts. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry demonstrated moderate levels of the small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoprotein family dentin matrix protein 1 in large areas of interglobular dentin. On the other hand, no morphological alteration or hypo-mineralization was observed in enamel. Serum calcium values showed no significant differences between the control and experimental rats during the experimental period, though serum phosphate and magnesium levels were increased 1 day after amoxicillin injection. Our results suggest that a single dose of amoxicillin specifically affects normal tooth dentin mineralization, but not enamel mineralization in rat incisor odontogenesis. These findings provide additional knowledge of the clinical association between dentin abnormality and amoxicillin exposure during tooth development.View full abstractDownload PDF (618K)
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
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Tetsufumi SANO, Taiyo TACHIBANA, Akiko KOIDE, Junichi WATANABE, Tsuney ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 487-492
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present study, we examined the records of patients treated at a pediatric dental clinic from January 2005 to December 2012, and analyzed those of 132 patients who required tooth extraction and underwent surgical intervention. The male-to-female ratio for anterior maxillary supernumerary teeth was 2 : 1. The site of supernumerary tooth occurrence was the central maxillary region in 10.9%, right maxillary region in 44.9%, and left maxillary region in 44.2%. In addition, the direction of tooth eruption was vertical in 23.1%, inverted in 71.4%, and horizontal in 5.5% cases. The number of impacted supernumerary teeth was 1 in 82.5%, 2 in 16.7%, and 3 in 0.8% of these cases. We also viewed impacted supernumerary teeth on panoramic radiographs to evaluate the vertical depth from the nasal floor, which was classified as Type I-III, based on the distance from the inferior margin of the nasal floor to the alveolar bone crest. When we evaluated that depth classification in regard to mean age at the time of surgery, Type I comprised 19.9% of all cases and the mean age was 7 years 7 months, Type II comprised 49.9% and the mean age was 6 years 3 months, and Type III comprised 30.7% and the mean age was 6 years 5 months. When combined, Type II and III accounted for approximately 80% of all cases. These results suggest that supernumerary teeth were located in more shallow positions in younger patients. In addition, early tooth extraction tended to be conducted for supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior region, likely because that is closer to the alveolar bone crest, allowing easier access.View full abstractDownload PDF (436K) -
Manami OTSUKA, Midori KURODA, Nobuyo SAKAI, Motohiro KIKUCHI, Takao IK ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 493-500
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study was to examine whether results of a questionnaire survey were useful for predicting the activities of children receiving dental treatment. The subjects were 143 children aged 3−8 years and their parents. The following results were obtained.1.The majority of answers to questions 1−3 were [Positive], while the majority to question 4 were [Passive].2.Based on Frankl's Behavior Rating Scale (Frankl's classification), incidence was highest for Class3.Moreover, no patients aged 6 or more were classified as Class 1 and none aged 8 or older were Class 2.3.The contribution of the first principal component was approximately 60% in regard to the influence level of content in the prior questionnaire, while the contributions of the second and third principal components were the same at nearly 20%.4.To clarify whether Frankl's classification is useful for prediction based on a prior questionnaire,discriminant analysis between classes of prior questionnaire results of and that classification was performed. The results showed that more than half of the classifications were predictable in patients aged 4 and older.Our findings show that a prior questionnaire has influence on the activities of young patients,which is generally left to the experience of the attending dentist. These results may lead to improvements in pediatric dentist management techniques.View full abstractDownload PDF (551K) -
Third Report : Analysis and Comparison of Arm Movement between Pen Grip and Palm GripYong YU, Daisuke TOMIYAMA, Emi INADA, Issei SAITOH, Yoshihiko TAKEMOTO ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 501-508
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBoth the pen grip and palm grip are recommended techniques for holding a toothbrush during brushing. We evaluated the motion of the toothbrush as well as the shoulder, elbow, and wrist during brushing performed by dental hygienists using the pen grip. Each hygienist had a distinct individual rhythm and all arm joints moved in a synchronous manner during brushing. Our findings indicate that the pen grip may be difficult for children with immature motor function, because stable and cooperative movements are necessary with its use during tooth brushing. Conversely, because the toothbrush can be more easily held with the palm grip, that technique is sometimes recommended for patients with muscle weakness in their hands or fingers caused by aging and disease.The dental hygienists brushed the buccal and palatal sides of the right and left upper molars using both pen and palm grips, and the frequency of toothbrush motion as well as joint angles of the shoulder, elbow, and wrist were calculated. The motions of the toothbrush and arm during brushing were also evaluated and compared between the two grips.Study conclusions :1)Each dental hygienist had a distinct individual rhythm for reciprocal motion of the toothbrush during brushing with both grips.2)The arm joints showed mostly synchronous motion during brushing on the right side with the pen grip and on the left side with the palm grip when brushing buccal and palatal teeth.3)The motion stability of each arm joint was reflected in coordinated movements of all joints in subjects using the pen grip. However, coordinated joint movement was not necessary to ensure joint stability during motion when using the palm grip.View full abstractDownload PDF (514K) -
Yuji MURAI, Hiromi AOKI, Mutaumi TANAKA, Kai SHUDOU, Yuki KONDOH, Yosh ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 509-517
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEpithelial tissues are constantly exposed to a variety of microbial challenges and previous findings have shown that their function as a mechanical barrier provides the main means of resistance to bacterial infection. In addition, antimicrobial peptides function as chemical barriers in that resistance as innate immunity factors. Many keratinocyte functions are regulated by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3), the active form of vitamin D, which stimulates differentiation including promotion of innate and adaptive immunity. However, the mechanisms that regulate the interaction between antimicrobial peptides and VD3 are poorly understood. We investigated the effects of VD3 on expression of antimicrobial peptides by keratinocytes.HaCaT cells from a human keratinocyte cell line were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, then incubated with VD3 at 0 (control), 1, 10 or 100 nM for 4, 8, 24, 48, or 72 hours. Expressions of antimicrobial peptides, human β-defensin (hBD)-1, -2, -3, and LL-37/hCAP18 (LL-37), and mRNAs in HaCaT cells were observed by quantitative RT-PCR using TaqManⓇprobes. The relative expression of each mRNA was calculated as the ΔΔCt using a formula. Expressions of hBD-1, -2, -3, and LL-37 peptides in HaCaT cells were examined using ELISA assays. Obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA and Scheffe's test. Differences between experimental groups were considered statistically significant at p＜0.05.Expression levels of hBD-1 and -2 mRNA, and their peptides in HaCaT cells cultured with VD3 were significantly higher as compared to the non-treated control, whereas those of hBD-3 mRNA and its peptide did not change when exposed to VD3. Keratinocytes incubated with VD3 showed upregulated expressions of LL-37 mRNA and its peptide in both dose- and time-dependent manners.Our results indicate that VD3 plays crucial roles in the chemical barriers present in epithelium.View full abstractDownload PDF (551K) -
Koichiro OKUBO, Koichi NAKAKUKI, Masahiro TO, Shinya FUCHIDA, Kanenori ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 518-530
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Great East Japan Earthquake, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake that occurred on March 11, 2011,generated a series of large tsunami waves that struck the east coast of Japan. The earthquake and tsunami waves caused widespread devastation across a large part of northeast Japan, with more than 18,000 lives lost, Presently at least 2600 people remain missing, while hundreds of thousands were displaced from their homes as towns and villages were destroyed or swept away. As a result, many aspects of public infrastructure in that region have been impaired by devastation and loss.The purpose of this study was to prepare for development of a pediatric dental care support system for use in case of disaster. We sent a questionnaire regarding dental health care aid activity following The Great East Japan Earthquake to all 29 dental universities (public and private) in Japan that have a Department of Pediatric Dentistry.1.The response rate was 86.0% (25 of 29 returned).2.Ambulatory care at 12 pediatric dentistry departments was affected by The Great East Japan Earthquake.3.Following the earthquake, about 1 week was required for ambulatory care to return to normal in the Kanto district, while it took about 1 month in the Tohoku district.4.Fifteen pediatric dentistry departments sent dental relief supplies to stricken areas and 7 departments provided dental care support in those areas.We believe that it is very important for dental care professionals to work in coordination with medical and welfare specialists when a disaster occurs. It seems that even though all of the pediatric dentistry departments did their best to support stricken areas, there was no common support system for pediatric dentistry in case of a disaster, which was problematic. It is important to develop a pediatric dental care support system for disasters, which are highly likely to occur in the future. The present findings can greatly contribute to the welfare of affected communities and their citizens.View full abstractDownload PDF (2480K) -
Third Report : Questionnaire Survey During Late PregnancyMariko KOGAWA, Hisae OKA, Yuko SHIMANO, Mari FUJIOKA, Mitsuko INOUE2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 531-539
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis report describes results of a survey of 147 pregnant women who attended the “latter class”lecture for pregnant women in late pregnancy. To investigate changes in the oral health awareness of pregnant women for both their unborn baby and themselves, the responses were compared with those obtained for the second report of pregnant women from beginning to middle pregnancy. We also examined whether the prenatal class lecture was attended by the pregnant women from the beginning to middle of pregnancy.In this third report, there were more responses of “no problem” about “the state of current toothbrushing” and “yes” to “(having) a family dentist” than in the second report. Furthermore, pregnant women who attended the prenatal class gave more “yes” responses to “(having) a family dentist”.Responses of “how to brush teeth” to the question regarding “care for the oral health of your unborn baby” increased as compared to the second report. Our results indicate that pregnant women came to consider infant care and became more conscious of tooth-brushing for their baby as delivery approached. In addition, information about oral health obtained in the prenatal class lecture affected the results.As for “the relationships of periodontitis, smoking, and drinking with premature birth and low-birth weight infants” and “mother-to-child transmission of cariogenic bacteria”, responses of “know” were increased, with pregnant women who had attended the prenatal class providing more “know” responses.Together, our findings suggest that awareness of oral health and child care can change during pregnancy and as a result of attending a prenatal class attendance. Oral health support and guidance must be given to pregnant women in an appropriate manner during pregnancy. Moreover, necessary information from dentists must be obtained at various opportunities.View full abstractDownload PDF (615K) -
Manami OTSUKA, Yumiko KONDOH, Etsuko OZAWA, Shiki ADACHI, Megumi FUJIW ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 540-550
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor establishing a behavioral assessment method based on the external behavior of children undergoing dental treatment, we carried out a comparative study using Frankl's Behavior Rating Scale (FBRS) and Kurosu items of 224 pediatric patients aged 3 to 9 years (113 healthy boys, 111 healthy girls) who came to the Pediatric Dentistry Department of Tsurumi University Dental Hospital as outpatients.1.In the results of FBRS, Class 3 showed the highest frequency.2.In the results of Kurosu items, the frequency of [frown] was highest. In addition, a negative correlation was found between the frequencies of [limbs] and [voice], and age. Items with a 50% higher frequency were found in Class 1 and Class 2. Items with high frequencies were younger age in Class 1 and Class 2, and older age in Class 3.3.Significant correlations were found for 17 items of the FBRS and Kurosu items. Moreover, [face and eyes] frequently appeared among 3 items in 3-year-old children, while only 1 item in appeared in children aged up to 6 years after excluding 3-year-old children. The item [limbs] was the most frequent among 5 items that appeared in 3-year-old children. Furthermore, the frequency of [voice] tended to increase from 3 to 6 years of age, though that item was least frequent in 5-year-old children.View full abstractDownload PDF (528K)
CASE REPORT
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Keiji MASUDA, Haruyoshi YAMAZA, Soichiro NISHIGAKI, Takako OGASAWARA, ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 551-558
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a case of an intranasal supernumerary tooth detected in a 6-year-8-month-old boy. The patient was suffering from recurrent bleeding and discharge from the right nasal cavity. An endoscopic inspection performed by a local physician found a crown-like whitish object in the right nostril, and he was referred to our department for diagnosis and treatment. Computed tomography of the nasal cavity showed a radiopaque mass resembling a tooth, which was incompletely covered by a sleeve of nasal mucosa on the floor of the right nasal cavity. Fully erupted primary dentition and no defects of permanent tooth germs were noted, findings consistent with a diagnosis of intranasal supernumerary tooth. In cooperation with otorhinolaryngologists in our hospital, the supernumerary tooth was excised from the base of the sleeve of nasal mucosa using endoscopic surgery. There was no bony socket. A histologic examination of the specimen showed a tooth structure consisting of enamel,dentin, cementum, and necrotic pulp tissue with an ordinary arrangement. Inflamed granulation tissue was also seen around the tooth. The postoperative course was satisfactory and there was no recurrence.View full abstractDownload PDF (740K) -
Case ReportHaruyoshi YAMAZA, Keiji MASUDA, Ken-ichi YANAGITA, Soichiro NISHIGAKI, ...2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 559-564
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAngelman syndrome (AS) is a neurogenetic disorder characterized by severe mental retardation,ataxia, speech disorder, seizures, easily provoked laughter, and craniofacial anomalies. The cause of AS is loss of expression of the maternal copy of the UBE3A gene, which is located in the chromosome 15q11−q13 region and maternally expressed by genomic imprinting.We encountered a 1-year-6 month-old boy with AS complicated by severe dental caries in many of his primary teeth. A diagnosis of AS had been established by specific clinical and genetic findings at the Department of Pediatrics of Kyushu University Hospital at the age of 1 year. The patient was referred to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Special Needs Dentistry at Kyushu University Hospital for diagnosis and treatment of dental caries. The patient was unable to cooperate for a dental examination in the outpatient clinic due to severe mental retardation associated with AS. To complete comprehensive dental assessments and treatment, intra-oral and dental X-ray examinations, as well as related treatments were performed under general anesthesia. The postoperative course was satisfactory and uncomplicated. Long-term follow-up is important in such cases for early diagnosis and management of the orofacial condition, because mandibular prognathism, enlarged tongue, widely spaced teeth, and enamel hypoplasia have been reported in AS patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (473K) -
Miya ONAGA, Katsuya MORIYASU, Yoshinobu ASADA2014 Volume 52 Issue 4 Pages 565-571
Published: November 25, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: November 25, 2015
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a rare case of a rotated geminated tooth in the anterior region of the maxilla of a 9-year 3-month-old boy suffering from a morphological anomaly of the maxillary incisor. Intraoral findings revealed that the left lateral incisor had geminated and rotated. The tooth was large and rotation occurred due to a lack of space for eruption. Radiographic findings revealed that the tooth had 2 crown elements without a joint pulp cavity and a single root with a single pulp chamber. We performed minor tooth movement to improve malalignment of the anterior region of the maxilla due to dislocation of the geminated tooth. Subsequently, composite resin filling of the crown of the geminated tooth was performed for improvement in crown shape and occlusal guidance.View full abstractDownload PDF (678K)
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