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Volume 28 (1979)
- Issue 4 Pages 299-
- Issue 3 Pages 239-
- Issue 2 Pages 81-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 28, Issue 1
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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KAZUO ASAHINA1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 1-17
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1731K) -
TAKASHI YAMAMOTO1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 18-24
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the influence on postural sway of such condition as fatigue resulting from muscular work. Twelve of the male adults (26.7±6.2 yrs old) of a certain airport ground service company were served as the experimental subjects. The measurement of postural sway has been made by measuring the weight at two points of the supporting platform. The degree of postural sway was calculated by using an electronic computer (HITAC-10) . The measurement was carried out before and after the work on each day during the experimental days. The following results were obtained.
On the 1st day with eyes open the ratio of the postural sway after the work to that of before the work (‘after’/‘before’) was 1.25, with eyes closed 113, respectively. On the 2nd day with eyes open it was 1.38, with eyes closed 1.53, respectively. On the last day with eyes open it was 147, with eyes closed 1.23, respectively. The amount of postural sway after the work was greater as compared with that of before the work. The statistical analysis showed that these difference in postural sway was significant (P<0.05-0.001) . The influence of several factors on the changes in postural sway was discussed, together with the experimental results obtained by other authors. In conclusion, these results suggest that balance impairment is mainly due to work-related fatigue.View full abstractDownload PDF (862K) -
HIDETARO SHIBAYAMA, HIROSHI EBASHI, YOKO NISHIJIMA, MACHIKO MATSUZAWA1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 25-33
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of determining appropriate exercise prescription for middle and elderly men without exercise habit, when they begin daily exercise intending to improve their aerobic work capacity, the effects of 10 minute walking on a horizontal treadmill at the speeds of 80m/min, 100m/min and 120m/min on the respiro-circulatory functions and blood ingredients and so on were compared. Four healthy men aged 44-72 served as the subjects. They showed no particular abnormality in medical check and various tests at rest.
Treadmill walking, of course, augmented oxygen intake, pulmonary ventilation and tidal volume according to the walking speed, and the augmentation was especially marked in case of 120m/min. The heart rate continued to increase during walking in case of 120m/min. The index (heart rate×pulse pressure) adopted as a relative indication of cardiac output presented no marked difference between 80m/min and 100m/min, but the value in case of 120m/min was about twice as much as those in cases of 80m/min and 100m/min. Moreover, the oxygen removal was appreciably lower in case of 120m/min than those in cases of 80m/min and 100m/min. Changes in blood contents of several substances were also marked in case of 120m/min, and the increase of lactate was especially striking. Urine tests revealed general tendencies of decrease in urine volume, decline of pH, and slight increase in excretion VMA, 17OHCS and 17KS.
The above-mentioned findings seem to suggest that 10 minute walking at the speed of 100m/min is to be most preferable in case of exercise prescription for healthy middle and elderly aged men in order to improve their aerobic work capacity, because walking at that speed causes sufficient and appropriate augmentation of metabolism and activities of respiro-circulatory functions.
Additional remarks: the present study was carried out on the basis of the experiences of 20 minute jogging corresponding to 2/3 VO2 max made by middle aged men 5 days a week for 5-6 years.View full abstractDownload PDF (892K) -
HARUO IKEGAMI, CHIEKO MIZUMOTO, NOBUO YUZA1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 34-46
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of long term physical training on body composition and physical fitness were studied on 110 healthy males aged between 28 and 34 years. Two and a half hours training of soccer, swimming, running, judo and other kinds of exercises were assighned to the subjects daily except sunday for 8 months. Body weight, overweight, body fat, skinfold thickness, blood pressure, vital capacity, body flexibility, power, grip strength, maximal work capacity, and 6 kinds of sport tests were compared before and after the training.
1) Energy cost of the daily exercise was estimated at about 950 Cal., and intensity of the exercise was deduced to be 4 in RMR (corresponds to about 5 in Nets) on the average.
2) Body weight did not change significantly on the average. However, obese subjects lost their weight, lean subjects gained, and normal weighted subjects did not change their weight significantly.
3) Body fat calculated from skinfold thickness decreased markedly, and the more fat the subjects had initially, the more fat they lost.
4) LBM increased in almost all cases. Obese subjects lost more fat than LBM they gained, and lean subjects gained more LBM than fat they lost. Normally figured subjects gained the same weight of LBM as the fat they lost.
5) Physical figure tended to converge by the training into some range in which the relationship between body weight and height is 4-5% more stout than that of average Japanese male adults.
6) Overweight calculated from weight and height may be used as a valid indicator of obesity for untrained people but not for well trained. While body fat can be a good indicator of that for the both groups.
7) Body fat of the subjects who had high work capacity was mostly under 13%, and that of the subjects whose work capacity was poor was mostly over 13%, while, that of the subjects whose work capacity was medium scattered in the both sides of 13%.
8) Performance of both aerobic and anaerobic exercise improved markedly by the training.View full abstractDownload PDF (1294K) -
NOBUO TANAKA, JUNZO TSUJITA, SEIKI HORI, YASUTOSHI SENGA, TORANOSUKE O ...1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 47-55
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnthropometric measurements were obtained on 126 male nonathletic first year university students (N-1), 178 male nonathletic third year university students (N-3) and 114 male athletic third year university students (A) . The mean values of height and body weight for group A were significantly larger than those for groups N-1 and N-3. Group A showed significant larger mean values of girth of chest, abdomen, thigh and upper arm than groups N-1 and N-3. Physical status of group N-1 was a little shorter and slender than that of group N-3. Group A showed significantly greater mean values of Rohrer's index and Brugsch's index than groups N-1 and N-3. The mean values of skinfold thickness and body fat (%) caluculated by using prediction formula from mean skinfold thickness for group A were significantly smaller than those for group N-3 and were essentially the same as those for group N-1. Bigger physique and smaller body fat content of athletes could be explained as due to a result of physical training and might be considered as the cause of superior physical fitness of athletes.
The following prediction equations for standard body weight (W) from height (H) using mean values of body weight and height (W and H) and their standard deviations (cW and aH) are proposed for the evaluation of overweight and underweight.
W=3W/HH-2W
and W=σW/σHH-σW/σHH+W
Plotting of body weight and body fat content in standard measure against height in standard measure was used to compare physical characteristics of athletes with those of nonathletes.View full abstractDownload PDF (979K) -
AKIRA KOSHIKAWA1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 56-72
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are still many unknown causative factors found in the development of spondylolysis. We have been investigating the disorders of the lumbar region in athleticly inclined people and have found the occurrence of spondylolysis to be by significantly high. The mechanical breakdown of the pars interarticularis is thought to be one of the causative factors of spondylolysis. In order to study this theory, a deformed lumbar vertebrae of cadavers were experimentally analyzed and checked under loading. This loading test was done on the isolated vertebrae, the spinal functional unit (involving the lumbar vertebral disc) and the spinal column. The amount of deformity was measured at each portion of vertebral body, vertebral disc (anterior, lateral and posterior site) and pars interarticularis. A displascement transducer designed originally for this test was used. The result was that the contrasting deformities such as compression and tension were operated on the pars interarticularis of the fifth lumbar vertebrae at the extended and neutral positions of spinal column.
Under maximum loading (167kg⋅f), the amount of deformity in the pars interarticularis was 73 μm/10mm in neutral position and 67μm/10mm in extension. The direction of the deformity was tension in neutral position and compression in extension position. These results suggested that there is a possibility that there is material fatigue in the pars interarticularis by ordinary motion of the lumbar spine without any excessive or established conditions such as concentrating the stress to the pars interarticularis, and so developing to spondylolysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (9660K) -
1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 73-75
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (363K) -
1979 Volume 28 Issue 1 Pages 76-78
Published: March 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (380K)
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