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Volume 34, Issue 5
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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TAKEAKI INOMOTO, YOSHIO SAWADA, KATSUTOSHI OGO1985 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 247-258
Published: October 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was designed to examine the relationship between exercise diuresis and running load, following seven types of running events by five male athletes, aged 19 to 25 years. None had a history of renal disease.
Informed written consent was obtained from all subjects prior to the study.
1. Compared to the resting levels, significant increases in the urinary volume were observed thirty minutes after performing a 400-meter dash, but not after the other exercises.
2. The changes in creatinine concentration (30 min after exercise/after warm-up) were inversely proportional to the changes in urinary volume, indicating that exercise diuresis depends on the depressed reabsorption of water in the renal tubules.
3. The absence of diuresis after 60 and 100-meter sprints, indicates that the phosphagen system is mainly employed for energy supply.
4. The urinary volumes after 200, 300 and 400-meter dashs highly correlated with the changes in the excretion rate of pyruvate. This suggests that exercise diuresis is related to the lactic system in energy metabolism.
5. The decreased excretion rate of creatinine after 800 and 1, 500-meter runs indicates that GFR is reduced by these exercises. Furthermore, the lactic energy system caused the diuretic effect. Thus, even though secretion of antidiuretic hormones is increased following exercise, their effectiveness is reduced by lactic oxygen deficit.View full abstractDownload PDF (1277K) -
SHUICHI KOMIYA, KAZUTOSHI KIKKAWA1985 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 259-268
Published: October 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSForty-two anthropometric measurements were evaluated to determine total body water and percent fat of 71 adult males under 19-77 years of age. Deuterium oxid (D2O) dilution method was used to determine total body water. A step-wise multiple regression analysis of the data indicated that total body water and percent fat could be predicted from body surface area. Twenty-seven additional boys were tested to increase the sample size. Using the data from these 98 subjects, a step-wise multiple regression analysis gave an equation which yielded a multiple R=0.963 between the predicted total body water and the actual total body water as determined by D2O dilution method. The standard error of estimate was 1.92 water units and 4.55 percent fat units, respectively. These results indicate that the equation obtained provide an accurate method of body composition estimation when used on a population of Japanese men.View full abstractDownload PDF (1160K) -
SATOSHI SUZUKI, NOBUKO TAKEI, TOKUHIKO HIGASHI, KOICHI HIROTA, TERUFUM ...1985 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 269-275
Published: October 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of a treadmill running program on the metabolism of cholesterol in liver was studied in male Wistar rats, aged 7 weeks and weighing about 200 g. Rats were exercised on 6 days a week for 8 weeks, running 1, 000 m a day at 15 m/min. The trained rats gave following evidence, as compared with the sedentary control animals:
1. Remarkable lower weight of body and liver
2. Significantly lower level of total and free cholesterol in liver
3. Elevated in vivo incorporation of14C-acetate and of14C-mevalonate into liver cholesterol
4. Enhanced incorporation of14C-mevalonate into cholesterol by liver slice
5. Increased activity of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase in liver
6. Increase in cholesterol 7 a-hydroxylase activity in liver
The results indicate that the exercise promotes the turnover of cholesterol in liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (870K) -
HISTOCHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON THE SKELETAL MUCLE FIBERS IN RATSHIROAKI TAKEKURA, HIROYUKI TANAKA, MITSUTSUGU ONO, NORIKATSU KASUGA1985 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 276-283
Published: October 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe inter of this study was to observe the effects of training on histochemical and biochemical properties in the skeletal muscle fibers.
Wistar strain albino rats were assigned to endurance (E), sprint (S) and control (C) group at 4 weeks old. Animals of trained groups were trained by treadmill for 12 weeks. After training, all animals were sacrificed and M. Soleus (SOL) and M. Extensor Digitorum Longus (EDL) were taken out.
Using histochemical staining methods for Hematoxylin and Eosin, Actomyosin ATPase and Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH), area and composition of the three muscle fiber types were examined. Furthermore, the chemical properties of glycolytic and oxidative enzyme activities were examined.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. The E and S trained groups, respectivelly, showed lower increase of body weight than the control group.
2. Hypertrophy of all fiber types in EDL were observed in the both trained groups. Area of SO fibers in SOL were also increased in the E group as compared to the C group.
3. The differences observed for fiber composition among the three groups. The rate of FOG fiber in SOL decreased significantly in the both trained groups as compared to the C group. The rate of SO fiber in both muscles were slightly higer for the E group relative to the C Group, but these differences were no significant. However, in the E group significant increase was observed for oxidative enzyme activity. The Phosphofructo-kinase activity in EDL of the S group was significantly higher in comparison to the other groups.
These results suggested that there is the discrepancy between histochemical proper-ties and biochemical properties in the effects of training on skeletal muscle fibers and that the necessity of histochemical and biochemical analysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (811K) -
TAKESHI NISHIYASU, HI SUNG KANG, HARUO IKEGAMI1985 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 284-293
Published: October 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effects of muscle pump by pedaling exercise on blood circulation and define its properties. Lower body pressurization device equipped with bicycle ergometer was used to provide negative pressure on the lower body of subjects in recumbent position. Seven healthy male collage students volunteered for subjects.
Whole experiment for each subjects was divided into control stage (0 mmHg), -20, -40, and -60 mmHg LBNP (lower body negative pressure) stage. Preceeded by resting period, 25, 75, and 125 W exercise in experiment 1, 50 and 100 W exercise in experiment 2 were loaded using bicycle ergometer with revolution of 60 rpm during each stage. Following parameters were determined: HR, SV, Q, and blood pressure.
The results obtained were as follows;
(1) In resting condition, LBNP caused significant decrease in SV and Q in spite of marked compensatory increase in HR.
(2) These effects of LBNP were cancelled in -20 mmHg or mostly cancelled in -40 and -60 mmHg by pedaling exercise of 50 W or more.
(3) Effect of muscle pump by pedaling exercise is apparent in light exercise such as 25 or 50 W arriving to a plateau with more intensive load.
(4) Muscle pump action by the same exercise condition is more effective under more severe LBNP.
(5) Light exercise in LBNP caused decrease in HR, probably because of pressure reflex initiated by restoration of blood pressure.
These results leed us to a conclusion that light pedaling exercise produces a powerful pumping action nearly enough to compensate the circulatory disturbance by strong LBNP.View full abstractDownload PDF (1220K) -
1985 Volume 34 Issue 5 Pages 294-300
Published: October 01, 1985
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (885K)
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