体力科学
Online ISSN : 1881-4751
Print ISSN : 0039-906X
ISSN-L : 0039-906X
35 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1~6を表示しています
  • ―個人差に着目して―
    近藤 徳彦, 池上 晴夫
    1986 年 35 巻 5 号 p. 229-240
    発行日: 1986/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    健康な男子学生7名について, 気温15℃ (相対湿度70%) , 25℃ (55%) 及び35℃ (45%) の3種の環境下で60%VO2maxの自転車運動を60分間行わせ, その時の直腸温の変化をもとに運動時の体温調節能力差を検討した.測定項目は, HR, VO2, 換気量, 直腸温 (Tre) , 平均皮膚温 (Tsk) , 肩甲部の局所発汗量 (MSR) 及び総発汗量であり, またこれらの結果から体熱バランス式を用いて蒸発による熱放散量, 放射・対流による熱放散量及び有効発汗量を算出した.得られた結果は以下の通りであった.
    1.運動終了時のTre (平均値) は, 15℃と25℃の環境下ではほぼ等しく, 35℃の環境下で他の場合より有意に高かった.
    2.運動終了時の平均皮膚温の上昇度 (△Tsk) と有効発汗量 (Kcal/m2) の間に有意な正の相関関係が得られた.
    3.60%VO2maxと相対強度を等しくしたにもかかわらず, 各環境下で直腸温の上昇度 (△Tre) にかなり大きい個人差が認められた.
    4.これらの個人差をもたらす原因について局所発汗量 (MSR) と平均皮膚温 (△Tsk) を中心に検討した結果, 15℃と25℃の環境下でTre上昇が著しい者は, △Tskの上昇が軽度であるかあるいは逆に低下していること, また, 35℃の環境下でTreの上昇が著しい者は, △Tskの上昇及びMSRの値も小さく, Tre-MSRよりみた発汗性の体温調節能が劣っているものと推察された.
  • 弘 卓三, 門福 強樹, 牧野 義彰, 佐藤 永雄, 紺野 邦夫
    1986 年 35 巻 5 号 p. 241-247
    発行日: 1986/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The purpose of this study is to analyze the plasma proteins of physical education athletic and general students (aged 19-22) before their breakfast by two-dimensional electrophoresis.
    The results of this study, a protein which has not been found in any original report yet is detcted from physical education athletic students before breakfast.
    This protein was not detected from general studenets before breakfast. This protein was detected at the position of pI5.0, molecular weight of about 70, 000 on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophosis under non-denaturing codition, but it showed a molecular weight of about 30, 000 on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    As far as this research is concerned, neither special physical education athletic students and nor general students were observed in changes of two-dimensional electrophoretic patterns of blood cell cytosol and blood cell membrane proteins.
  • TAKAO SUGIURA, HIDEKI MATOBA, SHUNSUKE MORITA, NAOTOSHI MURAKAMI
    1986 年 35 巻 5 号 p. 248-254
    発行日: 1986/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Myosin light chain patterns were examined in single fibers from the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles of Wistar strain rats. The fiber type composition of both muscles was also determined to estimate the relationship between myosin light chain patterns and histochemical fiber types.
    The results were summarized as follows ;
    1. All of single fibers from the EDL muscle was typical fast type which contained fast light chains only (fLC 1·fLC 2·fLC 3), except that there was one mixed type fiber cotaining both fast and slow light chains (fLC 1·fLC 2·sLC 1·sLC 2) .
    2. There were two myosin light chain patterns in single fibers from the soleus muscle. One was typical slow type which contained slow light chains only (sLC1·sLC 2) and the other, mixed type in which fast and slow light chains coexisted. Mixed type fibers were divided into eight groups based on the light chain composition. The percentage occurence of typical slow type and mixed type fibers was 35.4% and 64.6%, respectively.
    3. The average percentage of type II fibers was 94.6% in the EDL muscle 5.4% in the soleus muscle.
    4. These results suggest that both fast and slow skeletal muscles contain mixed type fibers. The results further imply that in slow skeletal muscle, myosin light chain pattern of mixed type occurs not only in type II but also in type I fibers.
  • 高野 成子, 端 利志明
    1986 年 35 巻 5 号 p. 255-263
    発行日: 1986/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    Cardiovascular responses to weight-lifting exercise were studied on eight experienced weight lifters, with an aim at examining the difference in the responses between two weight-lifting forms of “Snatch”and“Jerk”and that between the subjects. The exercise was performed successively at five exercise intensities interposing 3.5-min rest in sitting position : 10 repetitive lifts for 30 sec with 20, 40 and 60% of the maximum single lift, 3 repetitive lifts within 25 sec with 80% and finally the maximum single lift (100%·1 RM) . Each of“Snatch”and“Jerk”experiments was done on separate days. Blood pressures (BP) in sitting position were measured in sphygmomanometry at rest and 30 sec before and 12 sec after exercise. Heart rate (HR) was measured in a 30 sec pooling method throughout the experimental period. The following results and suggestions were obtained.
    (1) Resting HR and BP that were measured before the exercise were not different between“Snatch”and“Jerk” experiments.
    (2) At each exercise intensity, HR during exercise (exercise HR) was slightly greater in“Snatch”than in “Jerk”, the difference being not significant. Exercise HR at 100%·1 RM was 114±9 (SD) beats/min in “Snatch”and 111±7 beats/min in“Jerk”.
    (3) Anticipative tachypnea occurring prior to exercise became stronger as the weight to be lifted became heavier.
    (4) At each exercise intensity, the inter-subject difference in exercise HR was due to the difference in the absolute weight lifted for subjects weighing lighter, and for those weighing heavier it was due to the differences in the resting HR as well as in the absolute weight lifted.
    (5) Thus, exercise HR in weight lifting that requires nearly maximal dynamic contraction for 10-30 sec seems to be determined not only by the exercise intensity but also by resting HR, anticipative tachypnea and experience.
    (6) At lower exercise intensities, post-exercise BP was significantly higher in“Snatch”than in“Jerk”, while the difference between the two weight-lifting forms disappeared at higher intensities. At 100%·1 RM, post-exercise BP was around 145 mmHg for the systolic pressure and 77 mmHg for the diastolic pressure in both lift forms.
    (7) At each exercise intensity, the inter-subject difference in post-exercise BP was accounted for by that in the resting BP but not in the absolute weight lifted. Accordingly, the rise in BP with exercise, calculated as post-exercise BP minus resting BP, was invariable with the subjects. At 100%·1 RM, the rise in BP was 25 mmHg for the systolic pressure and 10 mmHg for the diastolic pressure.
    (8) Difference in cardiovascular responses between the two weight-lifting forms and interpretation of post-exercise values of BP and HR are discussed.
  • 樫村 修生
    1986 年 35 巻 5 号 p. 264-269
    発行日: 1986/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    本研究は, 持久的運動時における温冷感の変動を種々の環境条件で, 温熱生理的反応との関連から明らかにすることを目的とした.以下の結果を得た.
    1) 運動時の温冷感申告は, 直腸温と平均皮膚温の総合された要素が関連した.
    2) 運動時の温冷感と直腸温の間には, 相関関係が認められ, その関係は気温の影響を受けた.
    3) 直腸温の上昇に対する温冷感の上昇勾配としてあらわされる温冷感の感度は, 気温30℃において最大酸素摂取量が高い者ほど鈍かった.
    4) 温冷感は, 局所発汗量を推測することが困難であった.
    終わりに,終始懇篤なるご指導,ご校閲をいただきました信州大学医学部環境生理学教室上田五雨教授に深甚なる感謝を表します.
  • 田中 喜代次, 中塘 二三生
    1986 年 35 巻 5 号 p. 270-276
    発行日: 1986/10/01
    公開日: 2010/09/30
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present study was undertaken (1) to evaluate to what extent percent body fat predicted from commonly used equations differs from that determined by hydrostatic weighing technique, and (2) to propose sample specific equations to predict percent body fat in obese women. Subjects were 51 adult obese women (23 sedentary women and 28 active women, mostly middle-aged) . Percent body fat (% fat) determined by hydrostatic weighing (densitometry) averaged 33.1±3.7%, while % fat velues (X=27.1-30.0 in sedentary women, 24.2-27.1 in active women, and 25.4-28.4 in all women) predicted from Nagamine equations were significantly lower and correlated in the order of only 0.1 to 0.6 with densitometry %fat. Of the eight equations developed for predicting % fat of obese women, Y=8.87+ 0.223 X1-0.180 X2 was considered the best choice, where X2: Katsura Index and X2 : sub-scapular skinfold (mm) . It is recommended that this equation or some other equations developed in the present study be applicable to a wide range of adult obese women. Caution is necessary, however, as to if those equations could be generalized to younger obese women.
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