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Volume 52, Issue 2
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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YUJI OZAWA, KATSUTOSHI OGO2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 131-140
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was designed to investigate the properties of the three typical kendo practices (kirikaeshi, kakarigeiko, and jigeiko) in terms of changes in urine flow and creatinine excretion after practice events. The subjects were six male university kendo practitioners. They performed four exercises that were three kendo practices and a warming up without a kendo practice as the control, at a separate day respectively. In each exercise, five urine samples were collected continuously as follows: (1) after 30 minutes rest (rest), (2) immediately after warming up (w-up), (3-5) at every 30 minutes after practice event up to 90 minutes (30'--90'-urine) . Two blood sam-ples were collected at the rest period and 5-10 minutes after exercise. The blood lactate concentration after kendo practices rose to 1.09-8.02 times of rest level. The 30'-urine flow tended to decrease than w-up in kirikaeshi, jigeiko and control, but to increase in kakarigeiko. Creatinine concentration of 30'-urine rose significantly in the control, kirikaeshi and jigeiko than w-up, but significantly fell in kakarigeiko. The kakarigeiko brought peculiar changes in 30'-urine. The urinary changes after exercises (30'-urine rest) indicated nonlinear relation with blood lactate change ratios. These results indicate that the kendo practices bring the two-way influences in urinary change, one is diuretic effect accompanied with lactate accumulation in the kakarigeiko, and the other is the antidiuretic effect accompanied with less lactate accumulation in the kirikaeshi and jigeiko.View full abstractDownload PDF (1240K) -
NAOKO SHONO, RYOMA MICHISHITA, KAZUMI MATSUNAGA, TOSHIYUKI TSURUTA2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 141-147
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHeart rate (HR) corresponding to lactate threshold (LT) was evaluated in patients with multiple risk factors and applied to determine the target HR by Karvonen's formula calculated from the predicted HR max. The subjects were 52 outpatients (33 men and 19 women) aged from 23 to 70 years old (mean 46.9) with more than 2 risk factors including obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperinsulinemia. A multistage graded test of submaximal exercise on electric bicycle ergometer was performed for each subject before starting exercise therapy. The workload was increased every 4 minutes, and heart rate, blood pressure, and blood lactate concentration were measured during the last 1 minute of each stage. The LTHR ranged from 80 to 120 beats/min (mean 101±10) and Karvonen's coefficients ranged from 0.08 to 0.40 (mean 0.22±0.08) . Because of these differences and variance, it is suggested that LTHR should be measured directly or about 20% HR reserve should be prescribed at least when starting exercise therapy for these cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (770K) -
YOSHINAO NAKAGAWA, MASAAKI HATTORI, KUNIAKI HARADA, MICHIO BANDO, GORO ...2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 149-157
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGender differences were measured in the amount of intramyocellular triglyceride (IMCL) and extramyocellular triglyceride (EMCL) in skeletal muscles using1H-MR spectroscopy and their relation to body fat and peak VO2was studied. Fourteen apparently healthy subjects were separated into groups by gender. Both the male and female group subjects were selected according to similar ages and BMI (male: n=7, BMI=20.5±0.6 kg/m2, age=21.1±0.7 years, female: n=7, BMI=20.6±0.5 kg/m2, age=18.7±0.3 years) . We found a significant correlation between IMCL and EMCL in the soleus (SQL: p<0.01) and medial gastrocnemius (MG: p<0.01) muscles. IMCL values in SQL were significantly higher than IMCL values in MG and tibialis anterior muscle (TA) in both males and females in the order of SQL>MG>TA (p<0.01) .
IMCL and EMCL values in MG and SQL among females were significantly higher (p<0.01) than their corresponding values in males. However, a gender difference in IMCL and EMCL values for TA was not found. There was no correlation between IMCL and EMCL values for each muscle and BMI ; but IMCL (r=0.63 in SQL) and EMCL (r=0.88 and r=0.73 in SQL, and MG, respectively; p< 0.01) values correlated significantly with percent FAT. There was no correlation between IMCL values for each muscle and peak VO2; but the EMCL values of SQL correlated quite negatively with peak VO2 (r=-0.63, p<0.05) . These results suggest that there are gender differences in intramyocellular and extramyocellular triglyceride contents. Lipids were positively related to percent body fat in SQL and MG; EMCL values may have a negative effect on endurance capacity.View full abstractDownload PDF (2185K) -
SHIGERU ASAHINA, KAZUHITO ASANO, HIROYUKI HORIKAWA, TADASHI HISAMITSU, ...2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 159-166
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influence of exercise on the endogenous levels of both β-endorphin (BE) and corticosteroid (CS) in the hypothalamus and plasma was examined in rats. F344 male rats, five weeks of age, were divided into three groups: involuntary exercised (IE), non-exercised (NE) and control (C) groups. Rats in the IE group were exercised every day for one hour at the speed of 20 m mm n for 7 to 28 days. After training, the hypothalamus and plasma were obtained from rats. BE levels in water soluble extracts of hypothalamus were examined by rat BE ELISA test kits; and CS contents in plasma was examined by RIA. The amount of BE in the hypothalamus obtained from rats in the IE group was much higher than that in the NE and C groups. Although there was no significant difference between rats exercised for 7, 14, and 21 days, BE levels in the hypothalamus from rats exercised for 28 days was significantly higher than for 7 days. The amount of BE in the hypothalamus of NE rats was nearly identical to that of C rats. On the other hand, there were no significant changes in plasma CS levels. These results may suggest that exercise, especially running, causes on increase in BE levels in the hypothalamus.View full abstractDownload PDF (652K) -
KIYONOBU KIGOSHI, MITSUGI OGATA, KENJI TAUCHI, KEIGO OHYAMA BYUN, KAOR ...2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 167-178
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: December 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different sitting postures, by change of seat height, on lower extremity muscle activation and maximum power during explosive bicycle pedaling exercises. The subjects performed 5 sec maximum pedaling exercises at three different seat heights.‘High’ seat height was defined as 95% of leg length, ‘Middle’ was 90% and‘Low’ was 85%.
The results were summarized as follows: A) At 3 revolutions, maximum power at‘High’ was significantly higher than that at‘low’. B) Pelvic angle at‘High’ was significantly higher than that at‘Low’. C) The maximum extension angle of the knee joint was a significantly high value in descend. ing order of‘High’, ‘Middle’ and‘Low’. D) mEMG of the Erector spinae and Biceps femoris at‘High’ was significantly higher than that at‘Low’. E) At‘High’, there was a significant correlation between maximum power of 3 revolutions and mEMG in the Gluteus maximus. In addition, maximum power at 3 revolutions tended to correlate with mEMG in the Biceps femoris and Vastus lateralis.
These results suggest that in explosive pedaling exercises, different sitting postures by change of seat height, have different influences on hip extension muscle activation and maximum power.View full abstractDownload PDF (1178K) -
—ASSESSMENT BY THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITION INVENTORY TEST—KAZUNORI IWAI, KOICHI NAKAZATO, KAZUNORI IRIE, TAKUMI ADACHI, HIROYUKI ...2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 179-187
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate relationships between low back pain (LBP) and psychological conditions in university wrestlers.
We examined psychological conditions of seventy male university wrestlers using the Psycholo gical Condition Inventory (PCI) test and evaluated whether psychological conditions have some relationships with LBP. Evaluations of LBP were based on a questionnaire test and the diagnosis of orthopedic surgeons. Based on the LBP evaluation, we assigned all wrestlers into two groups as the LBP group and the non-LBP group.
We obtained the following results. There were twenty-eight university wrestlers (40%) in the LBP group and forty-two wrestlers (60%) in the non-LBP group. Wrestlers in the LBP group showed significantly high values in all factors relating to fatigue in comparison to the non-LBP group.
We conclud that the university wrestlers with LBP feel fatigue in their minds and bodies.View full abstractDownload PDF (876K) -
CHIYOKO USUI, JUN OKA, JUN YAMAKAWA, YUMI SASAKI, MITSURU HIGUCHI2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 189-198
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe basal metabolic rate (BMR) of 70 postmenopausal women (age: 60.6±4.2 yrs., height: 154.9±5.2cm, body weight (BW) : 52.7±6.2kg; mean ±SD) was evaluated in relation to body composition (body fat mass (FM) : 17.3±3.9kg, lean body mass (LBM) : 35.3±3.6kg) . BMR was 1, 148±126kcal/day, 21.9±2.2kcal/kgBW/day, 32.7±3.2kcal kgLBM/day in all subjects. BMR (kcal/day) significantly correlated with BW (r=.635, p<0.001) and LBM (r=.598, p<0.001) . When divided into two groups, (lower %fat group (LF; <35%fat) and higher %fat group (HF; ≥35%fat) ), BW and FM were significantly higher in HF than in LF (BW: 56.6±6.4 vs 51.0±5.3 kg, FM: 21.7±2.8 vs 15.5±2.7 kg, p<0.001, respectively) . No difference was observed in LBM between the two groups (34.9±3.9 vs 35.5±3.5 kg) . BMR (kcal/kgBW/day) was lower in HF than in LF (21.0±1.8 vs 22.3±2.3, p<0.05), but HF group had higher BMR in terms of kcal/kgLBM/ day than LF (34.0±3.1 vs 32.1±3.1, p<0.05) . Multiple regression analysis was performed to predict BMR. A single predictor LBM and a pair of predictors LBM and FM explained 35.7% and 42.7% of the variance of BMR. This study suggested that a decrease in LBM is a major factor in affecting the reduction of BMR in postmenopausal women, whereas FM gained after menopause could be considered to have metabolic activity related to BMR.View full abstractDownload PDF (1096K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 199-205
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (776K) -
HIRONORI SATO, AKIRA MIURA, MANABU SAKAI, NOBORU TAKAMOTO, HARUHIKO SA ...2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 207-217
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently, a long-term health concern has been identified in young Japanese women. These women have a high percentage of body fat despite a normal shape index indicator such as BMI. This condition is called marked obesity, and shows relative low lean body mass. Using an analogous determination, we investigated low percentage of muscle quantity (LM) in the extremities of young Japanese women (n=156) . The cross-sectional areas of muscle, subcutaneous fat, and bone were measured in the upper arm and thigh using ultrasonography. Extremity shape index (CSAt/L) was defined as the total extremity cross-sectional area (CSAt) divided by the length of the limb (L), Percent muscle in each extremity (% MA) was calculated from the ratio of muscle CSA to whole limb CSA. LM was defined as the percentage of muscle in the upper arm or thigh less than 1 SD below average and the limb shape index less than 1 SD above average. Nine of 91 subjects displayed LM for the upper arm. A similar proportion of subjects showed LM for the thigh (15/156) . The muscle mass and strength in the upper arm or thigh were compared between the subjects with LM and non-LM subjects with a similar shape index of extremity. There was a tendency towards lower muscle mass and muscle strength in the subjects with LM. From the same comparison, the subjects with LM showed a greater load on extremity muscles to sustain the body weight (i.e., body weight per unit of upper arm or thigh muscle CSA) . To mitigate the deleterious health consequences of low percent muscle quantity it is recommended that young Japanese women who display such a condition should participate in a resistance-training program.View full abstractDownload PDF (2743K) -
2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 219-226
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1071K) -
2003 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 227-229
Published: April 01, 2003
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (478K)
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