A technique observing contour lines of an object by the use of moiré is developed. Shadow of an equispaced plane grating is projected onto an object by a point source and observed through the grating. The resulting moiré is a contour line system showing equal depth from the plane of grating if the light source and the observing point lie on a plane parallel to the grating. A technique to wash away the unwanted moiré and the results of applications are described.

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1968年10月13日に東京湾において, ウラニンを用いた染料拡散の実験を行った。この報告は, 写真濃度計を用いて, 染料雲の濃度測定を行い, その結果から, 染料の拡散について述べたものである。従来の染料拡散による海洋中の拡散の研究は, 染料濃度を, 染料雲面積に反比例すると考え, かつ染料濃度は染料雲内で均一と考えた計算が中心であった。
ここでは濃度計による測定結果から得られた濃度分布から染料雲の染料濃度の決定を試みた。その結果写真濃度は染料濃度とlogy (mV) =alogc+bの関係にあることを明らかにし, これを利用して, 染料の拡散係数を直接写真上から求めてみた。またこれと比較するため, 染料雲中の染料濃度は均一であるとの仮定の下に拡散係数をもとめた。
この両者の値は前者の方法で求めた値がやや大きくK_Xで10⁴～10⁶, K_Yで10³～10⁴程度で, 後者の方法ではK_Xで10³～10⁵, K_Yで10¹～10³となった。理論的には前者の方法がすぐれているが, それでもなお若干の仮定を含むことや, 染料雲の拡散が均一に行なわれず, 幾つかの染料の塊りとなって拡散していくこと等の原因で得られた資料は, 必ずしも満足すべきものではなく, 今後は乱れのスケールの問題をも合わせていくことが必要となろう。

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A procedure to form a strip digital terrain model has been developed by using terrain points located on strip meshes, composed of two dimensional array along alignment and perpendicular to alignment. The strip digital terrain model has the following practical merits.
(1) It is able to interpolate height of any point so efficiently by using a small amount of input data.
(2) It is not necessary to remesure the terrain points even if a part of route is modified.
(3) Fore-processing to measure terrain points and the subsequent processing for design can be executed automatically.
(4) It is very effective for automatic calculation of earth works in highway design.

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Earth design such as land levelling for a new town needs a large amount of earth works. In case to modify the original land, or natural circumstances, various effects caused by quantitative and qualitive change of surface should be considered from wide view of points.
This paper introduces a procedure to find an initial solution which type of earth design could be possible or preferable, and to evaluate the solution both numerically and visually.

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In our laboratory we have the so-called camera calibrator made by Nippon Optical Company Ltd., by which we can measure the several optical characteristics of the aerial camera under such a condition as equipped with lens.
In this report discussed are the results of both distortion and the resolving power of some two cameras which were measured by using this calibrator.

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