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Volume 26 (1975 - 197･･･
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Volume 26, Issue 2
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Chizuko Ueno1975 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 2-17
Published: November 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 'Anthlopologie structurale' written by Claud Lévi-Strauss in 1958, he gives a certain 'conscious structure' of his structuralism, which seems to be distant from his 'unconscious structure' given in his actual analysis. His concept of 'structure', as Piaget says, should be accepted as a 'model' which is more consistent and more intelligible. From this viewpoint, we need neither admit the transcendentalism of unconsciousness nor deny the diachronic development of structures so as to be a structuralist. Then his dualism of 'ordres conçues' and 'ordres vécues' should also be considered not as the equivalence of Marxist's dualism but as that of sign-evolutionist's stratification model, which is inspired from his own proposal that 'faits sociaux' are approached 'commedes signes'. At the former standpoint, the upper structure is partial and probable projection of the lower one; to the contrary, at the latter standpoint, the meta-structure is the wider and more general synthesis of its sub-structures, as 'l'ordre des ordres'. Sub-structure is literally 'sub', that is, partial.
In conclusion, his method is characterized by the three points; the stratification model of society, isomorphism among the stratified structures, and systematic approach to them. The current of the structuralism is thus understood to be the best fruit of western rationalism since Thomas.View full abstractDownload PDF (1895K) -
Masae Yamamura1975 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 18-35
Published: November 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this study is to clarify the relation between the two couples in succeeding generation within a stem family. The existing discussions suggest that a changing direction of stem families will be specified by studying the extent to which nuclear units are separated to each other in the role structure of the family.
It is often said that families in Japan are in a transitional period from the long-established stem family to a modified one or even to a. variant of nuclear family. Stem families are varied in their internal structural patterns ; in some families than in others parent-couples are more sharply separated from child-couples in the sphere of residence and/or family budget. The data of the present study are drawn from the field interviewings three times in Katsunuma-cho, Yamanashi-prefecture : first in 1966, second in 1972, and finally in 1973. Consequently, both a cross-sectional analysis and a longitudinal analysis were applied to the data.
The findings will be summarized as follows :
1) The degree of separation of nuclear units within a stem family is on the increase. Privacy and satisfaction of personal needs are pursued largely as a result of the increasing separation of nuclear units.
2) A relatively marked separation of nuclear units takes place in the early stage of the life cycle of child's family of procreation. In such samples, however, separation of nuclear units is a function of development in the life cycle stage of a stem family.
3) The phenomenon of separation of nuclear units observed within a stem family does not represent family TRANSMUTATION (change in type), but remains family TRANSFORMATION (change in form).View full abstractDownload PDF (2051K) -
In Conformity with the Idea of die VersachlichungSatoshi Yokoyama1975 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 36-52
Published: November 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis article is an attempt to grasp. Weber's recognition to modern ages.In this article, I am concerned with the conception of die Versachlichung, because this conception seems to be useful when we examine Weber and Marx on their theories of modern ages.
My analysis consists of the following points.
1. According to Weber, that believers in Protestantism denied to deify creatures was a decisive factor in forming the capitalistic spirit. Thus, die persönliche Verhältnisse was broken through, and they selected the rational vocational labour as the calling. Such labour is equal to actions based on rules of the things (die sachliche Stellung), and results in die sachliche Verhältnisse.
2. Weber divides the modern capitalism into two stages. The first is that of the protestantic asceticism and die eigentümliche bürgeliche Ethos. In the rising stage of capitalism, citizen's actions were volititional toward die Versachlichung. In the second stage, the objects (bureaucracy) become autonomous and any forces cannot break them up. In this stage, men become die Sinnlosigkeit in their personality. Marx, however, regards men in rising stage as an agent of die sachliche Verhältnisse (the relation of commodities and of money), and thinks that they were involved in the submission to things in the first stage as well as in the second.
3. Weber regards that in the second stage it is impossible to break through the irrational despotism to men by things. I think that Weber's criticism toward this despotism remains unessential, because, from the economic point of view, his criticism is based on the existence of the spirit as a creative ethos. Marx considers proletariat as an agent to acquire the whole of higher productive forces and general communications. What Marx understood to be able to aufheben as die Versachlichung Weber assumed as the fate of rationalization.View full abstractDownload PDF (2364K) -
Kengo Fujiwara1975 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 53-73
Published: November 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this monograph, the present writer surveyed the special qualities of the local sport paper, and considered it's background. Some findings are as follows.
(1) The special qualities viewed from the content analysis. (a), It is designed to emphasize social norms and values on which there is a high level of consensus in the local community, and so, it is low emphasis on controversy.And (b), it excels the other daily paper in detailed news. (c), It comes from the different idea from the other daily paper. Namely, it follows the vividly concrete wherever it may lead one, and refuses roundly to drive away the reader to the world which is lack the touch of humanity, and also it refuses roundly to set the sport as the object of consumption.
(2) The special qualities viewed from the audience analysis. (a), It is not confronted with daily paper, but makes up for each other, but (b), it is not always fit the audience's life feeling. And (c), The audience is not a little interested in the local news. (d), The image of audience to this medium is taken as the place of one chance for acquaintance with each other.
(3) The special qualities viewed from the functional aspect in mass communication system. (a), It demands to accomplish the rather limited functions in limited area. And (b), it is conceivable “intermediate” communication between mass communication and personal communication.
The present writer pointed out some unsolved problems, having in mind the comparison between these backgrounds and these of findings of survey.View full abstractDownload PDF (2173K) -
Hiroshi Hiramatsu, Takeo Yamamoto1975 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 74-82
Published: November 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThere are some approaches to an understanding of the relationships among many qualitative variables.
Depending, among them, specifically upon L.A. Goodman, this paper aims at analysing the interactions in dichotomous and polytomous variables on the basis of different to kinds of the following data :
(1) Four-way table concerning teachers' attitudes in Wakayama.
(2) Three-way table concerning the subscription to a newspaper.
As the result of the above analyses, this paper can offer the following advantages of the Goodman-model : his model is the multiplicative form and usually fitter for data than the additive form ; in addition, compared with the usual models, the Goodman-model makes it easier to calculate not only the main-effects but all the interaction-effects among the variables. This can be said even if variables increase in number.
Goodman, however, assumes that the magnitude of the effects of one variable upon the other is equal to the one in a reversed case. But if the magnitude in two directions are considered to be different, then the Goodman-model will have to modified, and we shall need to develop a new model.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
[in Japanese]1975 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 83-86
Published: November 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (469K) -
[in Japanese]1975 Volume 26 Issue 2 Pages 87-90
Published: November 30, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (475K)
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