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Volume 46 (1995 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 402-
- Issue 3 Pages 274-
- Issue 2 Pages 128-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 46, Issue 2
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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The Scope of Analysis of Talk-in-InteractionAug NISHIZAKA1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 128-142
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAnalysis of talk-in-interaction, which attempts to consider everything to be locally achieved in and through the actual course of interaction, often encounters the following criticism : It cannot take into account anything outside the local operations of interaction. The criticism implies that (a) analysis of talk-in-interaction ignores possibilities for interaction to be influenced from the outside and that (b) it eliminates from the start the possibility of any existence outside interaction. The aim of this paper is to show, against this criticism, that (1) existence of the outside is as such irrelevant to analysis of interaction, that (2) appearance of such existence to be relevant is based on a kind of delusion originated in conceptual confusions, and that (3) existence outside interaction is also interactively achieved as such. Here, metal phenomena, which tend to be considered hidden from interaction, are taken as an example. In the analysis of some conversational materials, it is shown that mental phenomena are interactive phenomena to be investigated in their own right.View full abstractDownload PDF (1758K) -
from his Austrian ConnectionTsutomu HASHIMOTO1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 144-157
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlfred Schütz's masterpiece, “Der sinnhafte Aufbau der sozialen Welt” (1932) has been interpreted as a foundation of phenomenological Sociology. But I insist that Schutz's aim was rather to give a fast foundation for Austrian Economics. In this paper, first I try to reconstruct how he justified the Austrian Economics in the problem situation at that time. Especially I pay my attention to the relation of Schutz and his teacher Mises. Second, I compare Schutz to Hayek on methodology and disclose methodological problems of Schutz. Third, I present the other criticisms to his methodology and conclude that his methodology fails to be a fast foundation for Austrian Economics. The main reason is his ambiguity when he discusses the adjustment of subject and object. But as a whole his failure lies in his eclectic attitude.View full abstractDownload PDF (2070K) -
Between Historical Materialism and Post-MarxismNobuyuki YAMADA1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 158-171
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe influential theories of history have been drastically replaced. On the one hand, historical materialism has declined partly because of the collapse of “real socialism”. On the other hand, historical sociology, which is not always Marxist, has risen for several decades. This paper examines the methodology of theory of history from Marxist perspective. First, the methodological debate in American historical sociology is reviewed and it is suggested that methodological difficulties in historical sociology are solved by the dialectical writing of historical process. Second, Cohen's attempt at reconstruction of historical materialism is criticized and “dialectical historical sociology” as the theory of various trajectories of capitalist development is suggested. And then method of dialectic is formalized. Third, as a consequence of it Giddens' view of history and “post-Marxist” negation of theory of history is compatible with some parts of the method of “dialectical historical sociology”.View full abstractDownload PDF (2113K) -
Concerning Innovative Decision MakingMasanori YASUMOTO1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 172-187
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently organization is required innovative decision (or choice) more than before. Such kinds of decision can not emerge from bureaucratic or routinized decision making process. The most popular model for analyzing innovative decision is “organized anarchy model” such as “garbage can model”. This model stresses ambiguity within organization, random decision making process, export rationalization of decision content, and indifference of decision from intention or voluntariness of members within organization. Thus this model regards innovative decision as non-intended or accidental phenomenon. Innovative things surely have unintended or accidental aspects. But a kind of game is played on the base of members' voluntariness within the historical and concrete constraint of organization. In effect, if the field of decision making process is practically tried to be observed, the concrete historical structure of interest and power, which is constructed on formal or informal organizational structure, task flow and so on, forms the most of decisions through conflicts and negotiations by members' voluntariness. This political game is developed on the historical and institutional backgrounds of organization. The concept of the chance decision or the ambigorous process of organized anarchy model is thought to be the abstract and general analysis of the political game, and is to depict the caricature of the causality in decision process generally rather to explain each specific social process. Then “political power model” with the game concept is to be required, if decision making process is practically analyzed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2344K) -
The Case Study of Shitaya Ward in the Pre-War PeriodFumiko KOHAMA1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 188-203
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis article aims mainly to analyze the process of leadership formation and transformation of local groups in Tokyo and the ways individuals were involved in territorial and social change since the first World War. An area chosen for the case, former Shitaya ward (present Taito ward) had been characterized as a “Low City” containing mainly small shops and factories mostly operated as family businesses.
This study has two targets. Firstly, I have tried to trace the historical transformation of the neighborhood association called “Chonaikai” in Japanese. Secondly, I have analyzed the life -trajectory of some locally-notable persons who had got involved with neighborhood groups in the process of global and local social change in modern Japan.
Chonaikai, as a basis of neighborhood communication and cooperation, needs some capable leaders to meet various claims of residents. There had been the shift of leaders from traditionally established notables to new arrivals in this area in the course of several decades. The latter, starting as new comers to the urban area, succeeded in establishing themselves as self -employed, a member of the old middle classes (petty-bourgeois). These new arrivals were strongly motivated to become involved in community affairs. Especially in the aftermath of the earthquake of 1923, they had chances to show ability in coordinating neighborhood activities such as food distribution or evacuation programmes to temporary homes. By engaging more actively on these community affairs associated with civil services, they met with much recognition and realised upward mobility and established their status and prestige as influential persons. As a result, leadership was held by these newly upwardly mobile people and by contraries, traditonal members began to lose their socio-economic superiority in the pre-war period.View full abstractDownload PDF (2342K) -
[in Japanese]1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 204-209
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (866K) -
[in Japanese]1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 210-213
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (535K) -
[in Japanese]1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 214-215
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: January 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (307K) -
[in Japanese]1995 Volume 46 Issue 2 Pages 215-217
Published: September 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (334K)
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