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Volume 55 (2004 - 200･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 384-
- Issue 3 Pages 168-
- Issue 2 Pages 80-
- Issue 1 Pages 2-
Volume 55, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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The Dilemma of Active Labor Market PolicyAkihiko HIGUCHI2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 2-18
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this article, I examine the social exclusion approach which has an influence on social policy in Europe, demonstrating the effectiveness of this approach to explain the emergence of new inequality in modern society.
First, I will consider recent studies about social exclusion to show two important meanings : a paradigm shift from poverty to social exclusion and an introduction of a new policy framework of social inclusion. At the same time, I examine the inherent dilemma of social inclusion as a response to the radical critics of the social exclusion approach.
Next, I actually point out the dilemma of active labor market policy which EU member states give top priority today. This dilemma indicates that a set of policies makes the unemployed more vulnerable, enforcing paid work on them. Then I show that enhancement of social network in local communities and assistance to cultural identity serve the role of a buffer to compensate for the destructive influence on economics. In addition, I point out that citizenship as rights-claiming is indispensable to social inclusion for all.
Finally, from what has been analyzed above, we may reasonably conclude that social inclusion as a multi-tiered mechanism is the most effective framework in a precarious society where people bear various risks in the era of globalization.View full abstractDownload PDF (1931K) -
The National Context of EthnicityFuminori MINAMIKAWA2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 19-32
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this paper is to redefine the concepts of “ethnicity” and “race” within the national context of the United States, by employing a relational approach. “Ethnicity” in the U.S. has been conceptualized in two opposite theoretical traditions : cultural pluralism and multiculturalism. To sharpen the multiculturalist critique of the ethnicity theory in the post-civil rights era, the “racial formation” theory conceptualizes race as a social construct and examines the reproduction of inequalities among racialized groups. However, the theory contains ambiguities concerning the conceptual relationship between ethnicity and race, and disregards the influences of nationalism upon such formation.
This paper proposes “ethno-racial formation” as a framework modified to take account of various forms of nationalisms affecting ethnic group formation. First, it focuses on American nationalism, which has been divided into the contradictory traditions of civic and racial nationalisms. Second, even if the definitions of group boundary and cohesion depend on the idea of the “homeland, ” ethno-racial formation in the post-civil rights era has its basis in the civic nationalist tradition of the U.S. Finally, there are two different, but simultaneous, processes related to group formation in the U.S. : (1) ethnicization : a differentiation at the horizontal level based on actual and /or virtual ties with homelands, and (2) racialization : a differentiation at the hierarchical level ruled by racial nationalism in the U.S.View full abstractDownload PDF (1526K) -
A Case Study of a Community Living under a Public Work Plan for 36 yearsKyoko UEDA2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 33-50
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to clarify, a community's logic of supporting the construction of the Kawabegawa dam. With recent movements against public works and also a growing interest in environmental problems, Kawabegawa dam is now widely questioned if it is really necessary. People in the community are in favour of the dam-plan, even though they had to face an eviction order. Why do they bother to support the plan after experiencing local conflicts and a sudden decline in the number of their community's population?
In response, rationalists would generally explain that the community wants compensation, which is worth the trouble. However, this rationalist explanation is on the utilitarian premise that people always act according to their interests. Hence, whichever action they take, as long as they support the dam plan, the rationalists interpret it as an expansion of their self-interest.
In this paper, an attempt will be made to understand the community's logic of supporting the dam plan, while focusing not on how much compensation they want but on how they want to be in the community. In short, the paper tries to analyse which meaning the dam plan has for those who are in the community for the last 36 years. In clarifying their logic, the paper will look at three local groups that were organised inside the community. Recently, they have come to share the same stance toward the dam plan after going through drastic changes in the community. The paper will focus on the logic of three groups by looking at how they share the same attitude toward the plan, while at the same time distinguishing itself from each other. In conclusion, the paper clarifies the performative meaning of supporting the dam construction as a catalyst for generating relationships in a community.View full abstractDownload PDF (2025K) -
On the Origin of the Sociology of DominationTaishin IKEDA2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 51-67
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe concept of domination is one of the central ideas in modern political and social theory. But, as Anderea Maurer points out, the sociology of domination has long since lost all relevance to the general theory of social science. What is the reason for that?
In order to solve this question, we need to go back to the origin of modern political theory, where the prototype of a theory of domination can be seen. We can assume that this prototype has restricted the perspective and possibility of the theory of domination to date.
It can be thought that this prototype is Thomas Hobbes's political theory. The Hobbesian political theory is indeed the very forerunner of modern political theory and the theory of domination. In Hobbes's political theory, a clear pattern can be distinguished. It shows the secularization of the conceptions and representations of human societies.
This is why I deal with Hobbesian political theory. First, the contents of his prominent book, Leviathan, are examined briefly. Secondly, I remark what I take to be the main features of Hobbesian theory of domination. Finally, I clarify some assumptions which support his theory.View full abstractDownload PDF (1744K) -
[in Japanese]2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 69-70
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (241K) -
[in Japanese]2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 71-72
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (233K) -
[in Japanese]2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 73-75
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (306K) -
[in Japanese]2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 75-76
Published: June 30, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (207K) -
2004 Volume 55 Issue 1 Pages 78
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: October 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (30K)
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