Ultrasonic findings of Boundary zone in Breast lesions are important when judging tumors to be benign or malignant, and histological classification of breast tumors.
Depending on the method of classification, differences in results obtained may be expected. Boundary Zone findings which reflected histological findings were considered.
The ultrasonic findings of 177 cases of breast cancer and 37 cases of benign lesions from a total of 214 cases of breast lesions, regarding the mass image-forming types from November 2008 to October 2009 at Kotoni Clinic, compared boundary zone with histological finding.
All 20 cases of line boundary zone were capsular tumors by histological findings.
Of 11 cases of ill-defined with halo boundary zone, 8 cases were scirrhous like invasion tumors by histological finding
In conclusion it was found that irregular boundary zone findings alone, and halo boundary zone alone, were more useful than including defined boundary zone findings when judging breast tumors, and line boundary zone reflected histological findings.

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[Background] Ultrasound examination of vascular access (VA) is non-invasive method and can evaluate the morphology and blood flow in the vessel. Therefore, it has become to be performed in a number of dialysis facilities. But at present, there has not been established its way, parameters and those normal values to be recommended.
[Patients and Methods] In our study, we chose three parameters, blood flow volume, resistance index, and stenosis diameter as predictive values for VA failure. We measured those parameters to 137 chronic hemodialysis patients and evaluated the usefulness and cut-off value.
[Results] Of 137 cases, mean blood flow volume of the brachial artery was 1344±791 mL/min, and resistance index was 0.51±0.11, respectively. Among them, stenosis was detected 52 cases (38%), and mean stenosis diameter was 2.14±0.41 mm, respectively. After the measurement, we followed them for six months, and detected 12cases (8.8%) as VA failure, who underwent reconstructive surgery or surgical closure.
In a detailed study, the risk factors of VA failure were blood flow volume below 300 mL/min and/or resistance Index above 0.7 and/or stenosis diameter below1.5 mm. With 1 or more parameters matched, we can identify the VA failure with an accuracy of 93.4%, sensitivity of 75.0% and specificity of 95.2%.
[Conclusion] These results suggest that those parameters, blood flow volume, resistance index , and stenosis diameter in ultrasound examination are clinically useful for predicting VA failure

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