The aim of this research is to acquire the data for planning the provision of information and the layout of space, in accordance with pedestrians' needs. In order to clarify the useful and informative elements of space, through the action of pedestrians who use the space, experiments were conducted to determine which information becomes the key to action. By analyzing the relationship between the time required for locating the information and the physical element of space, the desired data can be obtained. As the subject of the experiment, and underground center was chosen since it is a limited space of wide public use, where the correlation between pedestrians and the space can be clearly observed and the number of variables is limited. In order to clarify the effect of information gathering on the pedestrians actions, it was necessary to determine the field of vision of the pedestrian under these circumstances. Accordingly, a sign was used to obtain the limits of the ability to read letters as the expression of field of vision. 1. As a result, it was found that the distance needed to recognize the sign and the range of ability to decipher the most easily read letters were neary equal. 2. It is not known clearly about what kinds of information a pedestrian acts upon in a space like an underground center, which is closed off from the outer environment. Therefore, by using these elements in the experiment, the key information, necessary for action in ordinary activities and emergency procedures was determined. It was found that the information used differed, according to the type of action and the plane form of the space. 3. In the experiment explained in 2, as an indicator of the difficulty of collecting information, the time needed in locating it was analyzed in its relationship with the physical elements of the space. The time used in locating information in ordinary action was two to three times longer than the average in emergency procedures (3.89 seconds). As the area of unobstructed view increases, the time required for locating information decreases.

View full abstract

This monograph aims to develop further the meaning of "Gestaltung" (system diagram of ID), which was previously published in Vol. No. 23 of "Research of Design Study" under the subject of correlation between industrial system and PUS system of designing products which is to be the basis of the ID activities. Recently, I have completed a formality diagram of industrial system centering around the category of the plan and function from the standpoint of a designer in accordance with the theoretical diagram on basis of transmitting functions in symbology. Under this diagram, I myself tried to clarify CI activities in the enterprises, which is now believed being of importance in practical businesses therein and, further, to clarify the meaning of life style marketing, which is indispensable in fashion businesses.

View full abstract

In the 12th 〜 14th century's scrolls, there are many long chests, which are used to transport foodstuffs and other articles until the Middle Ages. But they may have been destroyed since that time. The former paper (BULLETIN OF JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR SCIENCE OF DESIGN No.40) made clear its construction on the basis of old picture scrolls, documents and other materials. The paper (the BULLETIN, No.44) is a report on the works of reconstruction of the chest. But there isn't enough space for describing the details of the work. The document was a record on the annual events of regents and chief advisers to the Emperor, about it. We can know the chest was about 250 centimeters long and 75 centimeters wide and was made of Japanese cypress, maple and "keyaki" (strong wood, used for the bow). This paper is a further report of the above two papers. The result of the reconstruction of the chests may consist of vertical thin splitting boards and horizontal frames; that is to say, "complex construction". There are various kinds of long chests in the picture scrolls, divided into four basic types: 1) VERTICAL THIN BOARD TYPE. 2) ROUND CHIP BOX TYPE. 3) FRAME CONSTRUCTION TYPE. 4) HORIZONTAL THIN BOARD TYPE. The special feature of all these chests is complex construction and light weight, due to the way of use and the methods of making them; because ripsaws and planes had not yet been invented, 800 years ago.

View full abstract