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Volume 45 (1998)
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Volume 45, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Hideshi OnoArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStanley Morison has been regarded as a designer or art-director with an avant-garde manner who produced Gollancz book jackets. He is also remembered as a scholar with an encyclopaedic knowledge of the history of printing and publishing. His attitude to producing typeface is examined here as a case study on Times New Roman, which first appeared in 1932,and thereafter became the most popular roman typeface in all fields of printing and allied trades. The development of this face demonstrates an example of his attitude that he could be very cautious and conservative when designing a new typeface, and which is a great contrast to his attitude when designing a book jacket. This style of his, though seems somewhat contradictory at first glance, will be comprehensible when we think of his deep knowledge for authenticity of letter-forms and his loyalty to it. His attitude to producing typeface is a reflection of his view on the typefaces and the history of letter-forms.View full abstractDownload PDF (1451K) -
chanil Park, Minami Tanaka, Kiyoshi MiyazakiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 11-20
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis research is an analysis of the survey questionnaire we have received. The conclusion drawn from the analytical framework, "What needs to be done in the regional museums of recent Japan" can be summarized as follows : (1) Objective approach : Activities of museums closely related to the ordinary lifestyle of local residents. The analysis showed that closer interaction between museums and local residents is required. Consequently, museums should establish more programs to promote interactions with the local residents. (2) Openness of Museums : A strong correlation between 'the openness of museums' and 'the continuous participation of museum visitors' was observed. However, the museums' joint programs with the local people reached only 26%. In this aspect, it is required that museums promote active participation with the local residents. (3) Professional Training : This also showed that 'museology studies' professionals and trainers should be employed. (4) Facilities : Management and facilities of museum should be improved simultaneously for stimulating local residents to active participate in museums' program.View full abstractDownload PDF (2264K) -
Chanil Park, Minami Tanaka, Kiyoshi MiyazakiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 21-30
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis research is an investigation of various factors determined the present characteristics of management and activities of regional museums by using the third theory of quantification and the cluster analysis method. The characteristics of each activity section in regional museum are also observed through the cross sum method. The result shows that there is a strong correlation among the characteristics of each activities. When the museum activity is considered as 'aggressive' which it is supported by the establishment of 'specialized' facilities or equipments, and the management form of the museum is valued as 'open', the users' participation tends to be 'active'. Therefore, it becomes available to clarify compounded characteristics of 'persistent participation and its inflection' in regional museum activities. The management and activity of a regional museum give a great influence to the characteristics of users' participation. Each typical characteristic observed in this research is useful as a possible index to make progressive development of regional museum in future.View full abstractDownload PDF (2164K) -
Shouji IwaiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 31-38
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis report is study on syntax of man-machine interface of vending machine. Hypothesis of syntax, relation of signs, which are operations, input of money. Input of information of commodities, and number of commodities, are verified with actual syntax of vending machines. (1) Each syntax have the operation "triger". After operating, user can not return, as the commodities come out by operating it. And one of the operations is used as "triger". Some cases, by the order of operations any operation is aveilavle as "changing triger" (2) At almoust vending machines, input of money are first operations "starte operation" and input of information of commodities are last as "triger". But recently at some machines, input of money are cases of "triger", according to complexity of commodities. (3) From a viewpoint, study of user, unification is important in designing of syntax.View full abstractDownload PDF (2210K) -
Kazunari Morimoto, Takeshi Nishimura, Takao Kurokawa, Naokatsu OshibeArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 39-46
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to use sound icons as user interface of computers, sound images of computer functions were analyzed by questionnaire survey, and feelings of usability of sound icons were evaluated by subjective rating methods in an experiment. The artificial simple sound made by a synthesizer and metaphorical sound in real world were used as sounds of sound icons. These sound icons and icons were tested by thirty subjects who engaged in a text editing and a drawing tasks. The results showed as follows. (1) Sounds imaged from the term of function depend on subjects. And the sounds are metaphorical ones being in a real world and artificial ones. (2) The sounds emphasize the feelings of amusement, joyfullness and activity, especialy metaphorical sound has contribute to enhance these feelings. (3) Sound icons grow up a feeling of ease-to-use.View full abstractDownload PDF (1182K) -
Sachiko Kodama, Toshihiro Kubota, Shunsuke MitamuraArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 47-54
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlmost all significant resarches on the method to produce color holograms and analyze them have been worked out, and now is the time to consider how we can use them effectively. It is convenient to use holographic color samples which has variety of colors when we attend to design holographic display. In this report, we used single-layer silver-halide emulsion, and experienced changing both the emulsion thickness, and the ratio of superposition of primary colored laser wavelengths to reconstruct color which was determined theoretically. The coordinates of the colors reconstructed from Lippman holograms on chromaticity diagram were mapped in wide area and the results were fairly matched our theoretical predictions. This technique makes it possible to present any color at any place on the holographic plate. Application of color holographic display was discussed and works of floating color planes were produced.View full abstractDownload PDF (1155K) -
Akiko ShojiArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 55-64
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBruno Taut (1880-1938) served for the National Research Institute of Industrial Arts (NRIIA) in Sendai between November 11,1933 and March 6,1934 in the capacity of advisor. During his service, he made a tour through Tokyo and the Kyoto-Osaka area for nearly two months beginning on December 15,1933. His purpose was to collect works of industrial arts manufactured at traditional studios and workshops there on behalf of the NRIIA. Two letters of his, which were written during his stay in Kyoto and sent to a NRIIA staff member, Shinji Saito, remain to this day. They are, "A letter from Prof. Taut to Mr. Saito" dated January 8,1934,and "A letter to Mr. Saito" dated January 12,1934. Translation of these letters has led to the following findings. The former letter is Taut's reply to Saito's letter, in which Taut is advising how to study mastermodels of metalwork and woodwork at NRIIA's respective departments. His brief report on his visit to local studios is included in this letter. The latter is his detailed report on his visit to various studios and workshops during his tour. The items of his collection of excellent works from these manufacturing places are recorded in this letter, too. It can be said that he made his selections in the traditional studios because he tried to convince related people that the creative basis of new and modern mastermodels lay in Tradition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1666K) -
Yuki JinnoArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 65-74
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring the modern age, the existence of children was acknowledged and people started to design for children's products. I have been researching its history and this paper focuses on the history on children's individual room in modern Japan. The children's room became common in the 19th century in the Western countries, while people became aware of the importance of children. New family image which consists of parents and children emerged. In Japan, during the Meiji era this idea was introduced through the children's education movement and was spread by some media. And after the middle of Taisho-era, because of lifestyle improvement movement and juvenile literaure, interests for children's room rose. From this trend, some companies marketed children's room. Although there was not many houses which had children's room, there was a large amount of interest. Western=modern image was found within the children's room in Japan, and it drew much attention from the consumers.View full abstractDownload PDF (2643K) -
Hisayasu IharaArticle type: Article
1998 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 75-84
Published: May 31, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2017
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMain purpose of this article is, by tracing Otto Neurath's work in visual communication through the relationship with his other works such as 'The Unity of Science Movement', to understand his ideological implication in ISOTYPE from broader point of view including its historical context. His early work on visual communication has been realized as 'picture statistic' called 'Vienna method' at 'Social economy museum', but his interest in statistics itself could be found in his activity at war museum in W.W.I. After his exile to Hague, he published 'International Picture Language' and devised the name of 'ISOTYPE'. In this book he especially stressed on the international linguistic property of the visual symbols. This turn from picture statistic to picture language implied his political intention of calling for co-operate activity on a line with his another project 'Encyclopedia of unified science' on 'the Unity of Science Movement' against the threat of fascism and totalitarianism in this period.View full abstractDownload PDF (1642K)
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