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Volume 61 (2015)
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Volume 61, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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- Study of the Transition of Japanese Sedan's Proportion (Vol.1)Kouichi Hayashi, Hideichi Misono, Makoto Watanabe2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_1-2_8
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper identifies specific changes in the overall height of representative Japanese sedans. In the mid-80's, there was a shift from decrease to increase in height, which was followed by a rapid increase of nearly 100mm in the late 90's and early 2000's. We identified factors for these changes with the aim to gain insight into future automotive designs. Height has been influenced by improved road conditions, popularity of sports cars, outdated trends of derby hats, structural changes of automobiles, improved press technology, changes in user needs, steep rise of oil prices, environmental degradation, and tax incentives for eco-friendly cars. Particularly, the introduction of the Prius with its new comfortable features was greatly influential. However, changing times have not significantly influenced the proportion of height and length due to users' acceptance criteria for family and luxurious sedans. In this paper, we describe the mean criteria for each luxurious, small, and family sedans.View full abstractDownload PDF (1715K) -
- Study of the Transition of Japanese Sedan's Proportion (Vol.2)Kouichi Hayashi, Hideichi Misono, Makoto Watanabe2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_9-2_16
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the postwar period, the increase in width of the leading Japanese sedans was influenced by the small vehicle re-classification of the Road Transportation Vehicle Act. However, fuel consumption regulations have not significantly affected the sedan's width. Thus, the primary cause of widening sedans has been the pursuit of solid exterior proportions and expansion of interior space. Changes in proportion of height/width have followed the same trends as those of height/length. The acceptable height/width proportions for users range between 0.81 and 0.87, fluctuating over time. However, there is no eigenvalue for every automobile classification like there is for height/length. There is a contradiction between the continual increase in width and the need to respond to rising oil prices and environmental degradation. We speculate that market share differences between sedans and mini-cars reflect the further decline of sedans.View full abstractDownload PDF (2040K) -
Kouichi Hayashi, Hideichi Misono, Makoto Watanabe2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_17-2_26
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe analyzed changing design methods and organizational structure of TOYOTA MOTOR CO., divided into five phases. In the first (1933-'48), there were no design groups, processes or methods. During the second phase ('48-'56), an industrial art group was formed but design process and methods were still conducted by trial and error. In the third ('56-'73), design methods and materials demonstrated at the Art Center design workshop greatly influenced the Japanese design group. The fourth phase ('73-2003) was a period of expansion, where design centers were built around the world. Organizational restructuring took place in '92 to accommodate the diversification of vehicles. During the fifth phase (2003-present), the organization shifted to strengthen brand strategy. Throughout, the organization was greatly influenced by design method development. This paper clarifies the influence of product diversification and brand image that reflect changing times on organizational changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (1907K) -
Tatsuya Oka2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_27-2_34
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper attempts to analyze the design collection book "Abstract Pattern" (Unsodo) by Mizuki Heitaro (graduated in 1908) from the perspective of motifs, colors, and layouts of graphic design as a part of studies for clarifying the actual state of design education in Kyoto College of Technology and repercussions of this.
Analysis explains three characteristics as follows. 1.Mathematical compositions. 2.Frequent use of complementary colors. 3.Basic units are circles, squares, and spaces divided by similar figures. In conclusion, this paper explains that Mizuki used a mathematical method in his work.
Moreover, comparison to Mizuki's work with "Kaleidoscope" designed by M.P. VERNEUIL, its shows influence from VERNEUIL's work to Mizuki's work and displays one of the first attempt in Japan to adopt Art deco and Constructivism. The presents the abstract expression of design in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (8777K) -
- Structural Rationalities of MINGU(2)Mitsunori Kubo, Yukiko Kitamura, Takatoshi Tauchi, Fumio Terauchi2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_35-2_38
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA historical wooden hoe which has been possessed by Tsunan-machi Historical Museum of Nakauonuma-gun, Niigata was morphologically analyzed in order to extract dynamic characteristics and the structural rationality. The hoe which is called as ENGUWA is one of the government-designated historical folklore assets. In this study, the shape of the hoe was measured by a 3D-digitizer and the cross-sections of the shape were extracted from the measured 3D shape data to evaluate the dynamic characteristics. Moreover, the FEM was applied to the measured shape to make clear the structural characteristics, and the FEM results were compared with the distribution of the second moments of area of the cross-sections. Finally, it was suggested that the shape of ENGUWA seemed to have a special structural rationality which had been constructed under actual dynamic and geometric conditions in daily use.View full abstractDownload PDF (1356K) -
Kei Matsuoka, Shuntaro Matsui, Koichiro Sato, Yoshiyuki Matsuoka, Tets ...2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_39-2_48
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous issue, a prototype of "KIZUNA Visualizer", was developed toward maintaining and deepening KIZUNA. This system aims to remind the user the state of KIZUNA by icon forms transforming along with the frequency of sending and receiving emails. However, the feature variation of icon forms could be improved.
In this issue, we focus on the control parameter for transforming icon forms. This parameter enables icon forms to transform from rod-like or plate-like unstable forms to block-like forms which give a stable impression. Therefore, we conduct impression assessment experiments on icon forms. The survey proves that switching the parameter from 0.6 to 0.9 gives precise impression change to many users.View full abstractDownload PDF (3220K) -
Noriko Matsuda, Akira Okada, Kuniko Yamashita2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_49-2_56
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSoft key operations are performed using coordination between eye tracking and hand movements controlling a cursor on a PC display or finger movements on a touch panel. It is commonly assumed that this coordination pattern is influenced by soft key layouts, such as the keitai, keyboard, and Goju-on layouts, and by input devices, such as the mouse and touch panel. To test this assumption, text input experiments using an eye-mark recorder system were carried out within the scope of this study. Coordination patterns were classified into seven types: fastest type, co-wandering type, confirmation type, search type, pause type, lead type, and complex type (a combination of the fastest type with the confirmation type). Although no significant differences in the frequencies of coordination pattern types were found between users of the mouse compared to users of the touch panel, significant differences were observed between users of the keitai, keyboard, and Goju-on layouts.View full abstractDownload PDF (1475K) -
Masami Maekawa, Toshiki Yamaoka2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_57-2_66
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe activity of acquiring user needs and determining requirements is a basis to design useful artifacts. There are some kinds of method for acquiring user needs and requirements what are selected according to the step of design process. The intention of this study is to obtain a useful finding for design activities by considering the characteristics of each method through a bicycle design activity from survey to evaluation. Considered methods are non-participant observation of actual use, investigation of pre-existing questionnaires, analytical assumption of use states, driving experiment with prototype, and interview to shoppers. As a result of consideration, findings concerning the characteristic of each method were obtained as follows: usefulness and limitation of analytical assumption of use states, matters in the case of prototyping, and so on. As for the designed bicycle, it was confirmed that it adjusted to the purpose, and there was a good possibility to contribute to the growth of bicycle use in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (3399K) -
Basic Policies for the Restorative Preservation of the Western-style Brick Building in the Meiji EraTakashi Kudo2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_67-2_76
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the research on basic policies for the restorative preservation of the former Mizuma Bank, completed in 1909, its construction materials and design have been surveyed. The research shows that the former Mizuma Bank is the only instance of a cement-plastered brick building in the Meiji Era, existing in Fukuoka. The specification of the construction have been revealed: the founding method; durable mortar for brickwork; stony-looking cement plaster, and plaster for brick walls; varnishing and painting, etc. The research also suggests possibilities of restoring the roof slated with natural materials, the door of the strongroom, the counter in the office, and the front door. Finally, the architect in charge of designing the former Mizuma Bank is presumed to have been Kichijiro Nishihara, an assistant engineer of the public works bureau in Fukuoka.View full abstractDownload PDF (5795K) -
On Imported Metal Stamped Ceiling Boards and the Architect of the Interior DesignTakashi Kudo2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_77-2_84
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMetal stamped ceiling boards, designed with patterns from Arts and Crafts or Art Nouveau, which were identified in the former Mizuma Bank (1909) and some buildings of the Meiji era without being traced, have proved to be the same as those "Australian patent steel ceiling boards," imported by Fujiwara Shoten in Tokyo. The research has also found some reports of Western-style buildings decorated with the ceiling boards, in "Architecture Magazine" which shows that the boards were noticed as materials for decorative design. The research also shows the possibility that the interior designer who employed those materials in the bank was Eizaburo Sanjo, the chief architect of the public works bureau in Fukuoka.View full abstractDownload PDF (12506K) -
- Research on Endogenous Development in Dajia Area, Taiwan (1)Chen Siang Yan, Aikira Ueda2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_85-2_94
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Dajia Rush Straw Crafts have been made from a characteristic rush growing wild in the Taian stream basin in the Taiwan Midwest. It has boasted a history of 300 years since the production of "Dajia Straw mat" and "Djia hat" from the Rush Straw material. Meanwhile, various life tools, such as "cigarette case", "wallet", and an "insole", are manufactured using simple tools, and Dajia Rush straw craft is a crucial part of local industry. The conclusions of this paper can be summarized as folows 1)Dajia Rush straw crafts have been mainly hand-made since the discovery of its raw material. 2)The "Dajia Rush Straw crafts" are widely used in the daily life of local people. They are closely related to local everyday life, which represent the life culture of this region. 3) "Dajia Rush Straw crafts" is the craftsmanship that bringing the local people closer to each other.View full abstractDownload PDF (4560K) -
- A Study on the Visualization of Sounds Using a Head-mounted Display (1)Masatoki Suto, Kosuke Fukaya2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_95-2_102
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study is to examine the safety of the see-through information presentation on basis of the reaction time and the cognitive load when walking. In Assessment experiment 1, advanced validation was conducted on healthy individuals by performing an indoor model experiment. The results showed no delays in reaction time in terms of the types and directions of sounds using a perception-reaction time of approximately 0.7 to 1 s as a safety standard, thus confirming the safety of the see-through information presentation. In Assessment experiment 2, a simulated assessment experiment in a realistic environment was conducted on both individuals with impaired hearing and healthy adults. The results showed that when the see-through information presentation was used while walking outside, the reaction time of some individuals was delayed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1994K) -
Shigeo Kobayashi, Satoshi Nakajima, Miki Kobayashi2014 Volume 61 Issue 2 Pages 2_103-2_110
Published: September 30, 2014
Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2014
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis research examined interpersonal effects of visual existence in the collaborative work experimentally, and subjects were selected from kindergartners to university students. The investigated results are summarized as follows.
1) In complete darkness, compared with works in bright light, subjects tended to speak more and louder. This tendency was remarkable at the lower age under schoolchildren. In addition, more conversations with strangers were observed in darkness.
2) In darkness, collaborative works with the others were remarkably observed compared with the bright location. They were activated by body contact at the lower age, and activated by language at the higher age over high school students.
3) Although it was evaluated that collaborative work in darkness was difficult, the extraordinary pleasure which vision did not function, and interpersonal property which could be involved with the others without hesitation was indicated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1872K)
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