Implicit coordination is attracting attention from the viewpoint of the efficiency of team activities. Factors affecting implicit coordination have not been clarified because the empirical research that has been done is insufficient. This study investigated the effect of team after-event review and shared mental model on implicit coordination through a laboratory experiment. We conducted the experiment using a coordinating task. 144 students teamed up in pairs, with 72 teams participating. We found that team after-event review promoted team performance of implicit coordination. However, shared mental model had no relevance to team after-event review or team performance of implicit coordination. Our findings will help to understand the efficiency of team activities.

This study applied life history theory to eating behavior and examined the relationship between SES (Socio-Economic Status) and impulsiveness toward discounted food. Five hundred web-survey participants answered a questionnaire about impulsiveness toward discounted food, SES (childhood SES, current SES, food-specific poverty experience), cognition of discounted food (health effects, taste, attraction, limitations), and demographic factors (sex, age, household income). The result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that childhood SES, food-specific poverty experience, attraction, limitations, and sex had an effect on impulsiveness toward discounted food. In addition, participants who experienced food-specific poverty had negative cognition regarding health effects, taste, and attraction, but nevertheless purchased discounted food impulsively. The necessity to verify the validity of the measurement of childhood SES and the effectiveness of intervening in negative beliefs were discussed.

We attempted to develop and validate the Japanese 20-item version of the Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gay Men Scale (ATLG-J20) based on the original scale developed by Herek (1988). The ATLG-J20 consisted of 20 statements, 10 about lesbians (ATL-J Subscale) and 10 about gay men (ATG-J Subscale), and respondents indicated their levels of agreement or disagreement with those statements. The results showed that ATL-J and ATG-J have factorial validity, reliability, and convergent validity. Moreover, the correlations between those subscales and social desirability responses were not significant. Although there was no significant correlation between those subscales and implicit attitudes, it was suggested that ATLG-J20 is a valid scale as an explicit measure.

The relationships between social dominance orientation (SDO) and political attitudes and prejudice have been investigated mainly in Western societies, with little known about them in other societies, especially in Japan. In this study, we examined the external validity of the SDO scale and the relationship between SDO and discriminatory attitudes toward foreigners using samples of Japanese undergraduates and adults from the general population. Across four studies, the results confirmed the reliability of the Japanese SDO scale and found that SDO positively correlated with political conservatism, such as taking a firm stance on the “Takeshima” Island (“Dokdo” in Korean) or “Senkaku” Islands (“Diaoyu Islands” in Chinese and “Diaoyutai Islands” in Taiwanese) problems, negative and avoidant attitudes towards foreigners, and discriminatory attitudes toward Korean residents in Japan. We also found that some gender differences of political attitudes and prejudice were statistically mediated by the gender difference of SDO. These results suggest that SDO can be one of valid explanations to understand the individual differences in Japanese political and discriminatory attitudes.