表面科学
Online ISSN : 1881-4743
Print ISSN : 0388-5321
ISSN-L : 0388-5321
38 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1~13を表示しています
巻頭言
特集: 人工光合成
  • 井上 晴夫
    原稿種別: 総合報告
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 260-267
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー

    Development of artificial photosynthesis is prospected on the basis of its history, the three milestones in late 20th century, and recent advances in biological approach, molecular catalysts, and semiconductors chemistry. Photon-flux-density problem to be resolved in getting through one of the bottleneck issues is discussed as well as renewable energy factor (REF) as one of the most crucial points to be considered even in the early stage of fundamental research.

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  • 工藤 昭彦
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 268-273
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー

    Artificial photosynthesis is expected to solve energy, environment, and resources issues. Water splitting and CO2 reduction of artificial photosynthesis have extensively been studied using photocatalyst materials. Various metal oxide and sulfide photocatalysts developed by the authorʼs original strategies are introduced. These heterogeneous photocatalyst materials have been applied to a single particle system, Z-schematic system, and photoelectrochemical systems for water splitting and CO2 reduction using water as an electron donor.

  • 阿部 竜
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 274-279
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー

    Photocatalytic water splitting using semiconductor materials has attracted considerable interest due to its potential for clean production of H2 from water by utilizing abundant solar light. We have developed a new type of photocatalysis system that can split water into H2 and O2 under visible light irradiation, which was inspired by the two-step photoexcitation (Z-scheme) mechanism of natural photosynthesis in green plants. The introduction of a Z-scheme mechanism with appropriate redox couples reduces the energy required to drive each photocatalysis process, extending the usable wavelengths significantly from that in conventional water splitting systems. The key in constructing such Z-scheme systems is to clarify and utilize the reactivities of redox couples based on their adsorption onto the photocatalyst surfaces, on which photogenerated carriers (electrons and holes) react with the redox couples.

  • 葉 金花
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 280-285
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー

    Photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbon fuel is of great significance in solving both energy and environmental issues. However, the reaction remains very inefficient due to the kinetic limitations of multiple e/H+ transfer processes and the limited abilities of traditional semiconductors to activate thermodynamically stable CO2 molecules. A more flexible utilization strategy of solar energy beyond the conventional framework of photocatalysis is needed for realizing a highly efficient CO2 conversion. In this article, we introduce our recent works on surface-plasmon-enhanced photodriven CO2 reduction, and discuss how to take the advantages of the unique functions of nanometals in different types of catalytic processes to improve the efficiency of solar-energy utilization for more practical artificial photosynthesis.

  • —半導体/金属錯体ハイブリッド光触媒—
    森川 健志, 佐藤 俊介, 荒井 健男, 関澤 佳太, 鈴木 登美子
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 286-290
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー
    Developing a system for the production of organic chemicals via carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction is an important area of research that has the potential to address global warming and fossil fuel consumption. The present study demonstrates artificial photosynthesis for the direct production of organic substances under sunlight using a hybrid photocatalyst composed of a semiconductor and a metal complex catalyst. A solar to chemical energy conversion efficiency of 4.6%, calculated from the change in Gibbs free energy per mole of formic acid formation from CO2 and water (H2O), was demonstrated for CO2 photoreduction utilizing H2O as an electron donor under simulated solar light irradiation to a monolithic tablet-shaped device. These results which store solar photon energy in CO2 molecules could show promise for future progress in this field.
  • 栗木 亮, 熊谷 啓, 前田 和彦, 石谷 治
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 291-296
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー

    Reduction of CO2 producing high-energy compounds using water as an electron donor and sun light as an energy source has been investigating as useful technology for solving both depletion of the fossil resources and the global warming problem. Our group has successfully developed several types of hybrid photocatalysts consisting of semiconductors and metal complexes, which have both efficient CO2 reduction ability supplied by the metal-complex unit and strong oxidation power of semiconductors. In this paper, our recent progresses of the visible-light-driven hybrid photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical systems for CO2 reduction are introduced: (1) hybrids consisting C3N4 and Ru(II) mononuclear complexes, (2) semiconductors, e.g., TaON, and a Ru(II)-Ru’(II) binuclear complex, (3) a photoelectrochemical cell comprising a photocathode of the Ru(II)-Re(I) binuclear complex immobilized on p-type semiconductor NiO and a CoOx/TaON photoanode. First two systems can photocatalyze CO2 reduction using methanol as an electron donor, and the third photoelectrochemical system can reduce CO2 using water as a reductant.

  • 天尾 豊
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 297-302
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー

    In recent years, solar fuel or chemical production based on the photoreduction or fixation of CO2, the so-called “artificial photosynthesis” has received considerable attention. Thus, the development of an effective catalyst for the conversion of CO2 to useful organic molecules is desirable. Biocatalysts for CO2 reduction and conversion are useful catalyst for the artificial photosynthesis system. In this review, two types of artificial photosynthesis systems for CO2 reduction and conversion consisting of the visible-light sensitizer and biocatalyst are introduced. One is the artificial photosynthesis with visible-light sensitizer and biocatalyst for CO2 photoreduction to formic acid or methanol. The other one is the artificial photosynthesis with visible-light sensitizer, and novel electron carrier molecule and biocatalyst for the carbon-carbon bond formation from CO2 as a feedstock.

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伝統産業と表面科学
  • 山下 実
    2017 年 38 巻 6 号 p. 307-309
    発行日: 2017/06/10
    公開日: 2017/06/20
    ジャーナル フリー

    歴史における日本の文化と和紙の変遷について振り返り,歴史に残る和紙製品の背景には大きな文化の発展があることを確認した。続いて,現代から将来にかけて社会情勢と和紙のあるべき姿について筆者の希望を含めて考察し,オリジナリティとデザインの力を借りること,小規模ながら精度の高い製造技術を持つこと,和紙生産者自らの未開拓用途の発掘をすること,環境性能のアピールと観光産業とのコラボレーションに需要拡大の道を切り開く可能性があるという考えを述べた。

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