現在、イギリスでは、5〜16歳の義務教育年限において、技術(基礎教科)は11年間、必修教科としておかれている。中学校3年間しかない日本の技術科教育と比較すれば、制度的に充実した普通教育としての技術教育が施されているといえる。イギリスのTechnology教・轤へ、「設計・技術」と「情報技術」から構成され、生徒のコミュニケーション能力、問題解決能力などのコア・スキル獲得に力を入れようとしている点、および、教科編成法として、日本の技術科にみる産業分類的な領域設定とは異なり、材料、制御、構造などテクノロジーの種別によって横断的に構成されている点は注目に値しよう。

抄録全体を表示

This research tried to clarify a concrete content and the structure of the maintenance skill. And, it examined the subject of the maintenance education based on this result. The research method used the questionnaire. The investigation object is a machine manufacturing enterprise. It executed the investigation for all maintenance skilled workers of this enterprise in June 1997. The collected number of investigation forms was 238. The number of effective answers was 222 among these. The content of the investigation set 50 items and evaluated the vocational ability item. It has extracted the factor from the correlation matrix between 50 variables. As a result, it has extracted the following five factors; Factor-1: Precise assembly and finish skill factor Factor-2: Machine processing skill factor Factor-3: Electricity, control and program skill factor Factor-4: Robot and servo skill factor Factor-5: Repair operation and human skill factor In this result, it was verified that the maintenance skill was a skill field where it handled both of the sensory-motor skill and the intelectual-management skill. And, it can be said that the education of the maintenance skill is insufficient the mechatoronics education. If the mechatoronics education composes of the content of the machine, electricity, and the electron, the education of the maintenance skill is an education different from this. Finally, we proposed as follows based on this; 1) It integrates the idea with the construction of the education system. 2) It educates by an effective combination of the on-the-job training and Off-JT. 3) It achieves the education by which it integrates the production technology and the maintenance technology. 4) It executes the education of human skill. 5) It sets six following fields as a maintenance education; (1) Repair operation and conference/(2) Human skill (3) Precise processing skill/(4) Electricity, control and program skill/(5) Robot and servo skill/(6) Device design skill

抄録全体を表示

This study has an ultimate subject that clarify origin of concept of "technician-engineer" in Japan. There was a post called "gishu" in Japanese for technical officials at once. The gishu is generally equated with technicain-engineer. The first example used term "gishu", historically, was an object of training course that training school attached to Yokosuka Naval Dockyard began to train technical officials to nine young trainees in the end of the Edo era. However, the author can not recognize the technical officials called gishu as the origin of technician-engineer at once because there are several significant differences on interpretation among many treatises concerning the training. Accordingly, the author brought the concept of the gishu, which had been the object of training at the institution, into focus as a subject in hand and examined whether it was recognized technician-engineer on concept. The author draw the following as the present conclusion. 1) The term "gishu", which was described by 'History of Yokosuka Naval Dockyard', was led from historical materials in French, not in Japanese. It means that the term was used by the official historians of the historiography in its later years. To the author's knowledge, nobody has indicated it yet. 2) Since the "Establishment Plan" on the 'History of Yokosuka Naval Dockyard' is Verny's original plan, the gishu in question, which was described in the 'Establishment Plan", turn out to be an object of training on a phase of ideas. In this case, it is quite possible that the object, namely, Verny's intention is foreman. The concept which exists in the object, then, is not applied to the origin of technician-engineer's one.

抄録全体を表示

Recently, a white-collar profession is a topic. However, the example of the empirical report is few. Then, we investigated the career path of the director of electric industry. The investigation method is a questionnaire. Time is August, 1996. The object persons are 145 directors of the big enterprise of electric industry. As a result, it was possible to classify it into six kinds of groups as follows. The first group is human affairs, a labor, HRD, and is administration and a justice. In this case, there is a tendency reshuffled from the justice and the administration field to human affairs, the labor, and the HRD field. The second group is a production management and a distribution management. There is a tendency reshuffled from distribution to the production management because distribution was included in the production management before. The third group has the plan sales marketing, an international business, and management. The fourth group is management, is accounting, financial affairs, and sales marketing. When thinking about management, the knowledge of accounting and the financial affairs field is necessary. Moreover, it is necessary to think about international marketing. Therefore, there is a tendency reshuffled from the management plan to the other two fields. The fifth group is information and a clerical work management. In this field, there are a lot of patterns with a long experience of a pertinent field. It is thought that the specialty of this field is especially high. The sixth group is public relations and an advertisement. It is thought that the personnel changes is not done in premeditation in this field. Consequentially, it can be guessed that the training of the specialist started for 30 years in electric industry.

抄録全体を表示