Japanese Journal of Social Welfare

A Study of the Present Condition and the System of Day Nursery in Japan's Depopulated Areas

Keiichi Sakurai

Article type: Article
1990 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 1-25
Published: October 01, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.31.2_1

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The total number ofJapan's day nurseries located in the depopulated areas amounts to 2925, accounting for some 13% of the total day nurseries. For a number of years, however, this type of day nurseries have been disappearing at a considerable rate. Among troubles held by day nurseries in the depopulated areas, the most serious one is that the existing day nursery system fails to give approximate answers to a problem. That is to say; today's day nurseries in the depopulated areas can not have a full quorum. Neither the Small-Scale Day Nursery System nor the Day Nursery System for the Secluded Places works effectively in the depopulated areas. This study discusses with the conditions to maintain day nurseries in the depopulated areas, laying stress on the problems concerning the financial structure.

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Perspective of Family Casework by Systems Approach

Tetsuya Kuraishi, Satoshi Ikeno, Miwako Ohtsuka, Yasue Nunoshiba, Joe ...

Article type: Article
1990 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 26-48
Published: October 01, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.31.2_26

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From 1970s', systems theory become one of the most important concept in social work. To apply the systems theory to social work practice, systems theory is a more difficult problem because it has many merits as well as demerits. The chief merit of systems theory is that it makes condition of social problem clear and happenings predictable. The chief demerit of the theory for social work practices is that it is not a theory of change but a theory of stability. In other words, as interesting as this theory might be for explaining human behavior, it was not a simple guide to what to do in social work. Family therapy, however, is one of a practice form based on systems theory, and many case studies indicate empirical merits of systems theory. Refering the therapeutic view of family therapy and through three case studies practiced in social welfare office, mental hospital and child guidance clinic, this paper deals with empirical framework of family casework based on systems approach. Further, we would like to point out some problems of Japanese social welfare system which prevent social workers from working with family according to systems approach. Concretely we discuss in following style: 1. Introduction 2. From linear causality to circular causality 3. Case studies 4. Consideration of systems approach

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One Aspect with Regard to Idea about "Families" in Japanese Social Walfare

Saeko Yamabe

Article type: Article
1990 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 49-69
Published: October 01, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.31.2_49

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The following is a study on relationship between the family and social work and ways to connect the current Japanese family with social work practice amid recent trend toward home-based personal services. First, three theories on the family are sociologically examined: a modern Western family theory ("the modern Western family ideology"), a new family theory of Japan ("the neo "Ie" ideology") and a family theory focusing on individuals ("the individual-oriented family ideology"). The individual oriented theory is concluded on the examination and comparison to fit best social work functioning in reality since the theory agrees with goals of social work such as human respect and self realization. The theory also helps solve problems about Japanese families at present. Then, the social support network approach is examined as a potential to put the individual-oriented theory into real social work practice. Some actual suggestion is made for the realization. The theory is expected to prove that the family supports individuals in taking care of the aged and attendant issues, instead of constraining individuals as is usually thought.

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Rethinking of Social Work Practice in Residential Care

Hiroyasu Hayashi

Article type: Article
1990 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 70-86
Published: October 01, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.31.2_70

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Residential care consists of care work and social work. But the approach to social work practice in present residential homes in Japan is very ambiguous, and it doesn't necessarily practice social work which needs for people in residential care. On the other hand, workers in present field work agencies have large case-loads, and workers who were trained well are very few. So once dependent people are placed in residential homes, workers in field work agencies rarely intervene with them. Therefore positive social work practice has been needed for people in residential care. The author thinks that residential homes should carry out central roles in social work practice for them, so they should establish residential social workers. The main functions of residential social workers are dependency investigation, case planning and case management. Residential social workers carry out their roles as dependency investigators, family social workers, and permanent placement workers in cooperation with field work agencies. Permanency planning which has been good history and has been practiced in United States should be developed as social work practice in residential homes in Japan.

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The Study of Useful Utilization of the Equipments as the method of social welfare for the Handicapped Elderly

Tadao Takayama, Tokie Anme

Article type: Article
1990 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 87-103
Published: October 01, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.31.2_87

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The way of useful utilization of the equipments for the elderly were analyzed by several investigations. The strategies of developing the services of the equipments for the handicapped elderly were related as follows. (1) The number of handicapped elderly has increased, so the necessity of the support them become stronger than ever before. (2) The young power for support elderly reduced seriously, so many equipments had to be used for compensate the human power. (3) The intention of independence were widely diffused in elderly, accompanied by the endeavors to gain higher quality of life. (4) To promote and to keep physical and mental functions became one of the main purpose to use equipments for the elderly. (5) Environment Control Systems (ECS) were available because of the development of high technology. (6) Equipments which were treat easily and light were needed which were suitable for the feature of elderly. (7) Developing the software which were suitable for the elderly were important. (8) Establish the new delivery system, for example, rental system were expected. (9) The delivery system of information about equipments were necessary.

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Role of Medical Social Worker in The Field of Stomacare

Hitoshi Murota

Article type: Article
1990 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 104-121
Published: October 01, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.31.2_104

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Bibliography
1990 Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 122-127
Published: October 01, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: July 20, 2018

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24469/jssw.31.2_122

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