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Volume 35 (1999)
- Issue 4 Pages 225-
- Issue 3 Pages 143-
- Issue 2 Pages 67-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 35, Issue 4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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NORIO IWAMI, TOMOAKI ITAYAMA, NORIO SUGIURA, YUHEI INAMORI, MASATOSHI ...1999 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 225-233
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPredation and degradation characteristics of cyanobacteria, Microcystis using functional micro-animals, Mastigophora Monas guttula, Rotifera Philodina erythrophthalma and Oligochaeta Aeolosoma hemprichi, which were isolated from a biofilm in a practical biological treatment facility as a preliminary treatment of source water for water supply, were examined in batch predation and degradation experiment. A small flagellate, M.guttula effectively predated on the singly dispersed viable cells of Microcystis wesenbergii with the removal ratio of 94% for 6 days. As for the predation of the colonial M.wesenbergii, A.hemprichi was found to play an important role for the effective degradation of Microcystis by M.guttula. It was also clarified that A.hemprichi could enhance the degradation of the natural colony of Microcystis obtained from eutrophicated lake water. In order to reduce effectively the colonial Microcystis, it is important to activate a food chain of sequential functional microorganisms in aquatic ecosystem.View full abstractDownload PDF (962K) -
JU-HYUN KIM, OSAMU NISHIMURA, HE-OK CHUN, TAKAHIRO OUCHIYAMA, NOBUO CH ...1999 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 235-245
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate microfauna in activated sludge treating livestock wastewater for control of treatment performance and effluent quality, mixed liquor of intermittent aeration process (pilot scale) and extended aeration process (full scale) were examined microscopically during a year.
The numbers of microanimal species found in activated sludge of intermittent aeration and extended aeration were 16 sp. and 13 sp., respectively. Observed microanimal species was very few in comparison with microfauna of other biological wastewater treatment system. Microfauna in a livestock wastewater treatment system show characteristic and variations in species composition and density with response to SS removal, BOD removal and pH variation. Opercularia coarctata was considered useful indicator of BOD and T-N removal, however flagellated protozoa was only observed in mixed liquor when the percentage BOD removal was below 95% and NH4-N was accumulated in the reactor. There was a drastic change in microfauna which became dominant by Rhizopoda such as Euglypha sp., Cryptodifflugia oviformis and Trinema lineare with the accumulation of effluent NO3-N.
These results show microfauna in activated sludge treating livestock wastewater was valuable as indicators of system perfomance. In addition, it is clear that the indicator organisms observed in activated sludge treating sewage wastewater is possible to be applied to livestock wastewater treatment, in a similar way to their use for the mainanace of treatment system.View full abstractDownload PDF (3126K) -
JIRO AIZAWA, YOSHIAKI SATO, AYUMI ITO, KUMIKO KITADA, TERUYUKI UMITA, ...1999 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 247-259
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWater environment of the River Mirumae receiving the effluent from a sewage treatment plant was investigated based on the data on water quality, attached algal biomass and benthic animals. Although residual chlorine remained in the effluent, the amount of attached algal flora was increased in winter. The inflow of the effluent decreased the diversity of benthic animals and it changed the structure of benthic animals in the River Mirumae. It was concluded that the secondary treatment can not conserve the sound water environment in river receiving the effluent from sewage treatment plants.View full abstractDownload PDF (1270K) -
KEISUKE IWAHORI, NAOYUKI MIYATA, YASUSHI UMEDA, KOTARO AOYAMA, KAYOKO ...1999 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 261-270
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPossibilities of the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay were experimentally investigated, using 5 kinds of environmental microorganisms i.e. Euglena gracilis, Chlamydomonas pulsatilla, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Monas guttula and Tetraphymena pyriformis. Consequently, applicability of E.gracilis to comet assay was found and its most suitable modes of operation were determined to be cell lysis for 5 min by 0.01%-sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution, unwinding for 20 min and electrophoresis (current: 300mA, voltage: 25 V) for 20 min, respectively. Tail length and Tail moment have been confirmed to be important as evaluation indices of comet assay through the experiments of γ-irradiation.View full abstractDownload PDF (4306K) -
NORIO HAYASHI, TAKAHIRO OUCHIYAMA, NAOSHI FUJIMOTO, YUHEI INAMORI1999 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 271-278
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSmall aquatic Peritrichida are the typical protozoa found frequently in the activated sludge and bio-film from wastewater treatment system. Effect of environmental factors on growth characteristics of aquatic Peritrichida, Vorticella microstoma and Vorticella convallaria were investigated. Using a sterilized activated sludge as the protozoan food, the effects of temperature, pH, phosphate buffer solution concentration, shake stress and food concentration on the monoxenic growth rate of small Peritrichida were measured. Optimum temperature of V. microstoma and V. convallaria were 25°C. Phosphate buffer concentrations which could grow normally were 1/75M for each Peritrichida. The optimum pH values ranged from 5.7 to 7.7 for V. microstoma and ranged from 4.7 to 8.7 for V. convallaria. The endurance against shake stress was lower than those of Rotatoria and Oligochaeta.View full abstractDownload PDF (957K) -
NAOSHI FUJIMOTO, ASUKA IIDA, MASAHARU SUZUKI, RIKIYA TAKAHASHI, YUHEI ...1999 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 279-284
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffect of metazoa Philodina erythrophthalma on proportion of physiologically active bacteria was evaluated using two fluorescein chemicals 6CFDA (6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate) and DAPI (4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) for staining bacteria. 6CFDA stains bacteria with esterase hydrolyzing activity. DAPI stains DNA of bacteria (indicator of total bacteria) . The number of bacteria in the presence of P. erythrophthalma was lower comparing with those in the absence of P. erythrophthalma. But the decrease of active bacteria is smaller than that of total bacteria, enhancing proportion of active bacteria (number of active bacteria divided by number of total bacteria) from 40% in the absence of P. erythrophthalma to 46% in the presence of P. erythrophthalma. Proportion of active bacteria in flocculated bacteria tended to be higher in the presence of P. erythrophthalma comparing with that in the absence of P. erythrophthalma.View full abstractDownload PDF (595K) -
Through Experience of Microorganism Observation and Water Treatment ExperientsHAJIME MASUDA, YASUKO MATSUNAGA, AKIE SHINGAYA, YOKO ICHIKAWA, KEISUKE ...1999 Volume 35 Issue 4 Pages 285-291
Published: December 15, 1999
Released on J-STAGE: February 26, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA practical activity for the environmental learning of Chiyoda-higashi elementary school of Shizuoka City and its support by Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, were presented, experiencing microorganism observation and water treatment experiments. In the environmental learning for school children, we have had a new understanding that“Experience directly, feel actually”is very important. Positive support of university for the environmental learning is thought indispensable, since cooperation among school, home and local society is necessary for promoting the learning.View full abstractDownload PDF (6597K)
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