巻号一覧
40 巻 (2004)
- 4 号 p. 125-
- 3 号 p. 77-
- 2 号 p. 37-
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40 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の5件中1～5を表示しています
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LEU THO BACH, RUNAE UEKI, KENJI FURUKAWA2004 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 77-87
発行日: 2004/09/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーThe use of methanogenic and photosynthetic bacteria in two-step UASB and internally lighted anaerobic fixed bed (ILAFB) reactors was investigated for the biological degradation of reactive dye (Sumifix Supra Scarlet) with sucrose as a cometabolite. Under anaerobic light condition, a new photosynthetic bacterium named strain BF-2003 was isolated and identified as Rhodopseudomonas sp.. The strain BF-2003 would grow under anaerobic light condition and has high decolourization capability. The specific growth rate of strain BF-2003 cultivated under illumination at 10000 lux was calculated to be about 0.02 h-1. The combined use of strain BF-2003 and methanogens in two steps with the UASB-ILAFB reactors resulted in more stable and effective treatment of both sucrose and dye than with a single-step UASB process. With such system, the influent dye (50 mg/l) and TOC (1500 mg/l) concentrations were reduced to 6.5 and 15 mg/l, which correspond to 87 and 99% removal efficiencies, respectively. It was shown that addition of supplemental sucrose to the influent of ILAFB reactor (TOC concentration of about 500 mg/l) enhanced the dye reduction capability of the system; thus, the removal efficiencies of the system were 93.3 and 91.5% for dye and TOC respectively. Results of this study provide further insight into the combined use of anaerobic and photosynthetic bacteria in a two-step UASB-ILAFB treatment process for the photobiological degradation of sugar and dye-industry wastewaters.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3289K) -
YIMIN ZHU, TORU SHIGEMATSU, LIU KAI, IKBAL, SHIGERU MORIMURA, MASATSU ...2004 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 89-96
発行日: 2004/09/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーThickened sewage sludge consisting of primary and surplus sludges with a total solids of 4% was treated by wet-oxidation without catalysts. The digestion efficiency of VSS was 94 to 96% at 80 kgf (cm2G) -1 and 250°C for holding times ranging from 30 to 120min. However, TOC and NH4+ in the liquid generated by the wet-oxidation pmcess was as high as 3, 845 mg l-1 and 1, 410 mg l-1, respectively, even at a holding time of 120 min.The organic matter containing in the wet-oxidized wastewater could be removed in the biological denitrification with the supplement of NaNO3.The TOC and VFA removal efficiencies in the biological denitrification were 65% and 100%, respectively, at a TOC loading rate of 5.0g l-1 d-1.The NH4+ remained in the denitrified wastewater was treated in the biological nitrification after two-times dilution and the NH4+ was oxidized to NO3- completely, at the same time the TOC removal efficiency was 36 to 50%.On the basis of these results, NH4+ and organic matter in the two-times diluted wet-oxidized wastewater could be removed simultaneously in a biological denitrification and nitrification process with a recirculation, resulted in reduction of the supplementation amount of NO3- and HCO3- necessary for denitrification and nitrification, respectively. Moreover, the supplementation of NO3- and HCO3- could be reduced to zero by an improved process, namely, installing an activated sludge tank between the denitrification and the nitrification reactors.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (967K) -
MD SHOHIDULLAH MIAH, CHIKA TADA, SHIGEKI SAWAYAMA2004 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 97-104
発行日: 2004/09/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated the enhancement of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with the addition of an aerobic thermophilic bacterial culture of Geobacillus sp. strain AT1. Biogas production was significantly enhanced by the 2 ml addition of stationary-growth-phase culture (24h) of strain AT1 to 38 ml methanogenic sludge. Strain AT1 grew aerobically in F-JX synthetic medium, and optimum growth occurred at pH 7.0 and 65°C with shaking at 140 rpm. The optimum temperature for protease activity in the strain AT1 culture was around 65°C in the presence of 2 mM CaCl2, where relative protease activity reached 210% compared with that at 35°C without CaCl2. Protease activity was stable from 35 to 65°C, but rapidly decreased within 30 min incubation at 85°C. A protease inhibitor mixture (AEBSE, bestatin, E-64, EDTA, and pepstatin) inhibited the biogas enhancement by the strain AT1 culture. Methane production was enhanced by 2.1 times with the addition of the strain AT1 culture compared with the addition of F-JX medium, and was enhanced by 2.8 times with the additions of authentic protease and serine protease S. These results suggest that the enhancement of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge was caused by the protease activity of aerobic thermophilic Geobacillus sp. strain AT1.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (967K) -
YAN LIN, HAINAN KONG, YILIANG HE, LINPING KUAI, YUHEI INAMORI2004 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 105-114
発行日: 2004/09/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーExperiments were performed to understand the conditions and processes governing the occurrence of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system. Continuous tests were operated under the controlled conditions with the synthetic wastewater. With 6h HRT and a long SRT of 50 days, up to 92% of COD could be removed. Under the tested conditions, 49.4 to 90.6% of total nitrogen was found to be removed via SND. The COD/TKN ratio as well as the dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration was the key factor influencing the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency. Three bacteria were isolated from the system in which the efficiency of TN removal was up to 80%. The batch test results indicated that the isolated bacteria were able to nitrify heterotrophically and denitrify aerobically.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1226K) -
JOSEPH D. ROUSE, DAISUKE YAZAKI, YINGJUN CHENG, TOICHIRO KOYAMA, KENJI ...2004 年 40 巻 3 号 p. 115-124
発行日: 2004/09/15
公開日: 2010/02/26
ジャーナル フリーSwim-bed technology using the novel acryl-fiber biomass carrier--biofringe (BF) attachment material--demonstrated effective treatment of high-strength organic wastewater with 80% COD removal efficiencies at high volumetric loadings up to 12kg/m3/d with a hydraulic retention time of 3 h. BF material allowed for attachment of large amounts of biomass in a matrix that flexes with the wastewater flow, thus providing a high degree of contaminant-biomass contact in a fully retainable biofilm. As much as 133 g of biomass per meter of BF was retained for an equivalent 13.3 g/l with respect to the BF retention or reaction zone. Limited evidence for nitrification occurred only at low COD loading rates (ca.1.6 kg/m3/d) . In addition, filamentous biomass growth was very heavy at the lower loading rates, but was avoidable at COD loadings of 8kg/m3/d or greater. The levels of extracellular polymers--proteins in particular--in the biofilm were very high compared to levels reported for flocculent or granular sludges. While treatment in this study focused on industrial level applications, the possibility of using this technology in other treatment scenarios involving lower organic loadings was discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (7436K)
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