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Volume 34, Issue 10
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 66
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (136K) -
Shalendra K. Porwal, Allan Springer, Austin Proctor1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 67-69
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Eiichi Fujintura, Noboru Takeshita, Noboru Mimoto1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 650-660
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethane Fermentation Process has been used to treat sewage sludge, night soil and alcohol distiller's waste liquor, etc. But for many years no example has been reported of the treatment of pulp mill waste water and sludge by this method.
Pulp and paper mills discharge large quantities of sludge as well as waste water and considerable energy is consumed in the processing. To save this energy consumed and to recover the potential energy in these matter, pilot plant test of methane fermentation was successfully completed.View full abstractDownload PDF (6007K) -
Kanzaki Mill, Kanzaki Paper Mfg. Co., Ltd.Kanzaki Paper Mfg. Co. Ltd.1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 661-669_1
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSKanzaki Mill is about 15 kilometers to the south of Osaka International Airport or 1 kilometer to the east of Amagasaki Station, and is located at the mouth of Kanzaki River which divides Osaka and Amagasaki.
This mill had been an integrated pulp and paper mill since 1948 when the mill was rebuilt on the ruins of war. In the first half of the 1960's, however, all the pulping facilities and most of the paper machines were scrapped one after another for environmental protection measures and the mill became a converted paper mill specializing in the manufacture of art paper and specialty papers such as carbonless copy paper.
The mill site covers an area of about 215, 000 square meters and the mill's employees now count about 1, 000.View full abstractDownload PDF (15737K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 670-691
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: February 09, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe pulp and paper industry employ a variety of dewatering means for the waste sludge treatment. While the means of a centrifugal type had been prevalent until around 1973, increaging number of the pressure type means, of which a screw press is dominant, have come to be used since then for both primary and secondary dewatering. This increase reflects lower power requirements and higher dewatering efficiency of screwpress.
This report reviews operational performance of various types of sludge dewatering means. The industry require ever improved sludge dewatering system to attain;
(1) reduction in fuel costs for burning sludge,
(2) reduction in sludge handling costs for landfills, and
(3) unilization of sludge as a compost or other manures.View full abstractDownload PDF (1892K) -
Hiroshi Yamashita1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 692-698
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom 1973 to 1979 we have made significant savings in fresh water and energy consumption in the Kraft Pulp Bleaching Process. Fresh water consumption was reduced from 70 m3/PT to 40 m3/ PT, while steam consumption was reduced from 2.5 t/PT to 1.2 t/PT, this resulted in a considerable saving of expenses, although bleached Kraft Pulp strength dropped 5 to 10 percent. Chemical consumption for the bleached Kraft Pulp stayed the same. We have operated the bleaching plants under stable conditions with no evidence of corrosion despite the reduction in fresh water use.View full abstractDownload PDF (778K) -
he Cooking Conditions and Pulp PropertiesEtsujiro Koga, Norio Takamura, Kazuhiko Sameshima1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 699-705
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPectin is known as one of the important components of bast fiber, whereas lignin content is generally much lower than that of wood tissue. Thus, the princple of bast fiber pulping should differ from that of conventional wood pulping.
In this paper, ammonium oxalate was used as a cooking reagent for pulping of three species of bast fiber grown in Japan, i. e. Mitsumata (Edgeworthia papyrifera Sieb. et Zucc.), Kozo (Broussonetia kazinoki Sieb.) and Ganpi (Wikstroemia sikokiana Franch et Say.). At a given pulping condition (ammonium oxalate 5 g/l, liquor ratio 25, at 85°C), Mitsumata showed the prominent higher strength properties than those of Mitsumata soda pulp (Fig. 1). It was also found that ammonium oxalate removes pectin more effectively than soda (Fig. 3). Similar characteristic properties in paper strength were also observed in case of Kozo and Ganpi (Fig. 7 & 8).
The obtained results indicate the possible advantage of ammonium oxalate for the production of bast fiber pulps and further investigation is in progress.View full abstractDownload PDF (718K) -
Comparison of Calcium Hypochlorite and Sodium Hypochlorite in Hypochlorite Bleaching StagesTakeshi Akiyama, Kiyoto Murashige, Takeo Ueno1980 Volume 34 Issue 10 Pages 706-714
Published: 1980
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the preliminary study, it was found that the use of calcium hypochlorite in H-stage of a special bleaching sequence [HCEHD] produced less pollutant than that of sodium hypochlorite. So that, the detailed studies on the differences between both hypochlorite bleaching were carried out.
Hardwood kraft pulps were bleached with calcium hypochlorite or sodium hypochlorite at various levels of available chlorine. For the same (free alkali/available chlorine) ratio in each hypochlorite stage, it was found that the final pH of calcium hypochlorite bleaching was lower than that of sodium hypochlorite bleaching, and the former consumed more available chlorine.
The considerable differences between both hypchlorite bleaching were recognized not in pulp properties but in bleaching effluent. Calcium hypochlorite bleaching yields less pollution load than sodium hypochlorite bleaching. In addition, it was found that changes in the molecular weight distribution of pollutant components with the addition of avalable chlorine was greatly influenced by the kinds of hypochlorite. These suggest that the kind of cation influences seriouly on the mechanism of dissolution of pollutant components from pulps into effluents.
Bleaching by calcium hypochlorite gave slightly higher pulp yield than that by sodium hypochlorite for hardwood kraft pulps. The pulp yield estimated on the basis of total carbon dissolved in the effluent agreed approximately with the measured value.
When the mixture of both hypochlorites was used, the characteristics of the effluent showed resemblances to those produced with calcium hypochlorite only.
The addition of inorganic compounds of alkaline earth metals in sodium hypochlorite bleaching was significantly effective to improve the nature of the effluents. The effluents produced in this case were similar to those produced with calcium hypochlorite.View full abstractDownload PDF (996K)
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