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42 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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国際技術交流委員会1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1093-1113
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (9483K) -
志水 一允1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1114-1130
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
ジャーナル フリーReflecting the shortages of petroleum with rising prices and of foods in relation to world population growth, an increasing attention has been paid to the potential uses of lignocellulosic materials for chemicals, foods, and fuels in the future.
Steam explosion is one of the effective pretreatment for enhancing the enzymatic susceptibility of hardwoods and for fractionating the components, hemicellulose, lignin, and cellulose leading to total utilization of wood components. Depending on starting material, 10-20% hemicellulose with contents of xylose residue up to 80% can be recovered as mono-and oligosaccharides by extraction of the steam-exloded fiber materials with water. These fragments are good substrates for chemical, biochemical, or microbial processes. The purified fragments mainly consisting of xylose and xylooligosaccharides can be used as food additives as it is and/or after hydrogenation. Xylose and xylitol can also be produced from the extracts. About two thirds of the original lignin can be isolated from the residual fiber material by subsequent extraction with dilute alkali and/or organic solvents. The lignins are quite reactive and can be used as chemical feedstocks. The lignins are converterd to carbon fibers or adhesives by modification with phenolysis. The residual fiber material containig 10-20% lignin is hydrolysed with cellulose giving glucose which is fermented to alkohol or single cell protein. As the cellulose of steam-exploded fiber materials is susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis in spite of the presence of lignin, the fiber material can be used as roughage for ruminants.
Numerous invesitigators have examined the process for total utilization of wood components by steam explosion pretreatment. This paper intends to summarize these recent studies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4703K) -
日置 隆雄, 久保田 和雄1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1131-1139
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
ジャーナル フリーAsbestos which is cheap and has superior characteristics is widely used in various products in industrial fields, particularly in building materials.
This paper describes a substitute for asbestos, referring to the effort to develop calcium silicate board without asbestos.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1936K) -
磯崎 健二1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1140-1143
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
ジャーナル フリーThe measuring principles of conventional on line ash sensor are discussed.
The reasons of sensitivity difference between calcium carbonate and other ash contents such as clay, talc are discussed. To realize equal sensitivity, two methods are examined and compared.
Good result is obtained using high flux calcium-target X-ray tube and high sensitive ionization. chamber.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (4367K) -
石黒 久三郎1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1144-1150
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1121K) -
木材科学委員会1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1158-1163
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
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金 鳳庸, 磯貝 明, 尾鍋 史彦, 臼田 誠人1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1165-1170
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
ジャーナル フリーNo additive paper and four kinds of paper containing rosin-alum, alum only, alkylketenedimer (AKD) -cation polymer and cation polymer only were treated by UV light in air to study changes of paper properties, from the viewpoints of natural deterioration of paper.
Photodegradation of cellulose and hemicellulose chains in paper brings about the slight increase in tensile strength and Young's modulus, and the drastic decrease in folding endurance for every paper examined so far. These findings may be explained by molecular rearrangements of degraded cellulose and hemicellulose to form new stable hydrogen bonds during irradiation. Sizing and retention chemicals have little influence on such paper properties even though some of them are chemically modified by UV irradiation.
Since rosin-size has UV absorption at the relatively long wavelength region, UV treatments bring about the gradual loss of sizing effects and influence wet tensile strength and water absorption properties.
Optical properties are primarily influenced by additives. Rosin-sized paper showed the darkest color after UV treatment because of its UV instability. AKD seems to suppress the coloring reactions to give lower discolored paper compared with paper without additive.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (818K) -
1988 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1171-1174
発行日: 1988/12/01
公開日: 2009/11/16
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (490K)
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