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Volume 45, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Masuo Tsukada1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 317-328
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
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Toyoo Nimoda1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 329-333
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: February 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPaper and printing research center of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Ltd., opened at April '89, has been making a energetic activities for printing press technology, co-operating with Mitsubishi's printing press division.
The typical outputs are explained briefly in following items :
1) New reelstand for 50″ diameter paper reel
2) Mitsubishi's “keyless inking system” for newspaper press
3) Newspaper folders
New technologies in DRUPA '90 can be all explained from the stand point of higher quality and shorter TAT (Turn Around Time) requested in printing processes.
For high quality, Mitsubishi's on-machine close loop control system for ink and dampening solution is introduced with its effective results.
For short TAT, increasing of press speed is inevitable judging from the speed trend for the past 20 years. For this purpose paper quality in high speed runnability should be improved, especially, for passing through the press folder.View full abstractDownload PDF (2152K) -
Masahiro Yakabe, Koichi Ishibashi, Satoshi Suzuki1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 334-340
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReal time online formation control of paper machine is the dream which paper industries have desired to realize for a long time. The limitation to accomplish this is the size of sampling available by conventional formation testers, which is too small to evaluate the sophisticated pattern of formation. We have succeeded in developing the real time online formation control system including the new formation tester based on the different concept from conventional one, which consists of sensors, imageanalyser, software of fuzzy evaluation, controllers and actuators.
The features of the formation tester, the analysis of standard sheet formation samples, the evaluation of sheet formation made on different J/W ratio, the control concept and the detail of actuators are presented in this paper.
The newly developed formation tester makes it possible to evaluate formation correctly and will take place of skillful checkers.View full abstractDownload PDF (5880K) -
Shinji Hirose1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 341-346
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
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Yoshiaki Koga1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 347-351
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
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Shinji Itoh, Akira Suzuki, Tadashi Nakamura, Shin-ya Yokoyama1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 352-358
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the first place the technological fundamentals of direct liquefaction was briefly explained in comparison with pyrolysis. Then the results of direct liquefaction of sewage sludge using a continuous plant were shown and discussed.
The continuous plant, which is capable of processing up to 0.5 t/day of dewatered sludge, was constructed and operated successfully. The yields of heavy oils, which have heating value of 33 MJ/kg, were 40-50% maf at operating conditions of temperatures of 270-300°C, pressures of 6-10 MPa without any addition of catalyst. From the energy balance, this process was evaluated as a net energy producer. At the same time, research was done of biological treatment of wastewater separated from liquefaction mixtures. As a result, the wastewater could be accepted by the aeration tank of sewage treatment system without any inhibition.
This work has been carried out under the management of Aqua Renaissance Research Association as a part of MITI's large-scale R & D project “New Wastewater Treatment System” sponsored by NEDO.View full abstractDownload PDF (4096K) -
Norio Fujita1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 359-362
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Non-Contact Jet Velocity measurement system is based on the principle that average velocity of a stock jet can be computed by analyzing with special frequency of a jet surface reflection. This digital signal can be used for control the jet velocity.View full abstractDownload PDF (2775K) -
[in Japanese]1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 367
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
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Comparison of Four Paper Imaging Techniques β-Radiography, Electrography, Light Transmission, and Soft x-RadiographyHiroshi Tomimasu, Philip Luner1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 371-382
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour paper imaging techniques (β-radiography, electrography, light transmission, and soft x-radiography) were compared in terms of their process parameters and image characteristics (exposure time, spatial variation, contrast, spatial resolution, correlation with mass, and limitation in basis weight range) with the same newsprint sample and electron microscope film. As far as the imaging conditions chosen here are concerned, electrography gave a higher spatial resolution, shorter exposure time, and the wider basis weight range than β-radiography. Light transmission image could be obtained in a very short time, but gave the poorest spatial resolution and correlation with mass. Soft x-radiography gave the highest spatial resolution, but the poorest spatial variation and contrast. The proper imaging technique and conditions need to be selected depending on the specific paper property in question.View full abstractDownload PDF (13100K) -
Quantifying pigments composition of coatingsToshiharu Enomae, Fumihiko Onabe, Makoto Usuda1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 383-389
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSX-ray diffraction method was applied to quantifying pigments weight or composition of coatings. This method has some advantages over the method by electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) which is conventionally used at present. One is that it is capable of distinguishing the different crystal forms of certain materials. It also permits analysis of samples deeply.
The quantification principle follows Alexander's theory which states that the X-ray diffraction intensity ratio is proportional to the components weight ratio.
Measurements were made for coated paper samples containing solely clay and calcium carbonate, which were prepared using a laboratory blade coater or by manual bar coating.
First, the X-ray diffraction intensity ratio is approximately linear to coating weight under a limited range. But, the diffraction intensity ratio of clay peak to calcium carbonate peak for the samples with coatings of constant composition. This finding proved to derive from diffraction of calcium carbonate contained in base papers as fillers. To separate calcium carbonate diffraction stemmed from only coatings, the diffraction of internally loaded filler was calculated in the following ways. That is, the diffraction intensity of filler was calculated compared to cellulose (101), (101) peak after diffraction measurement of only base paper. Then its amount was subtracted from the total diffraction intensity of calcium carbonate contained in coated papers. The diffraction intensity ratio thus corrected resulted in almost constant value independent of coating weight. Besides, the diffraction intensity ratio of a series of coated paper samples proved to be proportional to coatings' formulation of coated paper samples.
In conclusion, quantification of pigments contained in coatings by X-ray diffraction method was established. But some problems still remains to be solved. Firstly, the measurement of only base paper must be made to apply this method to commercial coated papers. Secondly, calendering or double coating process probably affect diffraction patterns.View full abstractDownload PDF (1017K) -
1991 Volume 45 Issue 3 Pages 390-397
Published: March 01, 1991
Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1182K)
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