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Volume 46, Issue 6
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Takashi Kadoya1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 711-719
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper is described on general view of packaging materials in Japan and recent trends and some problems in paper and paperboard for packaging.
Total production amounts of packaging materials in Japan in 1991 is 22, 124 thousant tons and its 54.7% is used for paper and paperboard packaging, so Japanese peoples dissipate the packaging mareials about 150 kg/year·person and 46, 000 yen/year·person.
Amounts of paper and paperboard for packaging is about 43% to total production amount of paper and paperboard in Japan.
Role of physical propertis in packaging science is very important from view point of converting, distribution, storage and commercial uses which is somewhat different from imformation media of paper such as printing or reprographic papers.
For example, shape and handling of catonboxes or corrugated boxes depend on stiffness or rigidity of paper and it is very important to analyze bending property of paper and paperboard from view of physical meaning.
Recycls of packaging materials is also very important for natural resourses and in Japan, 50% of paper and paperboard, 43% of aluminum can, 44% of steel can and 49% of glass bottle are now recycled and in future 55% of paper and paperboard, 60% of aluminum can, 60% of steel can and 55% glass bottle are going to be recycled in 1995 or 1996.
This paper is also discussed the degradation properties of packaging materials from view point of landfill, especially desposed paperboard materials. Degradation properties of several kinds of paperboard container under outdoor and laboratory conditions are introduced on fundamental observations.View full abstractDownload PDF (1371K) -
Eiichi Kawamura1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 720-732
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDue to the unexpected development of high quality photocopier machines, a strong interest towards development of anti-photocopying technology has arisen. High quality photocopiers make it unduly easy for someone to make unauthorized copies out of confidential documents, thus effective countermeasures have become necessary. However, though many attempts have been made to accomplish such countermeasures, the effective protection against these acts is still insufficient.
As a result, the number of patents related to this field has recently increased dramatically.
This paper is a summary of the patents and describes the technological trends on the anti-photocopying paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (2093K) -
Eisaburoh Okada1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 733-743
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1477K) -
Part 1 Industrial WasteEnvironmental Technical Committee1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 744-759
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The total production of industrial waste is in bone dried base about 5% for the paper production.
2. A quarter of the waste is used effectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1564K) -
1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 760-769
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
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Infrared and Raman SpectroscopyAkira Isogai1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 770-775
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (850K) -
Wood Science Committee1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 776-788
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese]1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 789
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (293K) -
Toshiharu Enomae, Hiroyuki Inada, Fumihiko Onabe, Makoto Usuda1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 790-798
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs for mechanism of liquid penetration, Lucas-Washburn's equation has been applied for years. Oil penetration is sure to be suited to this equation. But, water tends to deviate from it, which was confirmed also by the authors with weakly-sized paper. One of the main reasons for this is swelling. Swelling means the phenomenon of increasing volume when the material absorbs liquid. In case of paper it actually appears as increase in thickness including structural change resulting from interfiber debonding.
In the present study, we aim at measuring rapid thickness increase of paper precisely. For this purpose an new system for measuring thickness change was experimentally created using a differential transforme How swelling is involved in liquid absorption mechanisms was discussed in comparison with the data obtained by traditional Cobb's method and the results showed that
1. Rapid increase in paper thickness just after contact with water was able to be measured continuously with newly-developed differential transformer system.
2. Capillary absorption following by swelling occurs for sized paper from the result of comparison between water absorption volume and thickness increase measured with a using a differential transforme system.
3. Thickness increase measured with a differential transformer system did not correspond to Bristow's curve because of difference in penetration way. Therefore, simultaneous measurement system of thickness and absorption volume is required.View full abstractDownload PDF (1544K) -
Studies of Diethyl-zinc ProcessYoichi Yamazaki, Reiko Sato, Rie Harunaga, Takayuki Okayama, Raysabro ...1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 799-806
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSo called acidic paper is vulnerable to aging. To control degradation, there are two ways. One is to make neutral paper and another is to neutralize acidic paper. Several processes for neutralization or deacidification have been proposed. Mass deacidification by diethyl-zinc was patented by the Library of Congress, U. S. A.
The authors have been studying the diethyl-zinc process in detail. The effects of the process on retention of various properties on papers from 65 books published since 1911, as well as five different papers were investigated through an accelerated aging at 80°C and 80% R. H., and following results were obtained.
(1) No significant change in strength and optical properties was noticed on papers after diethyl-zinc treatment before aging.
(2) Diethyl-zinc was effective to reserve strength such as MIT fold under a tention of 300 gf after two weeks accelerated aging, but seemed ineffective in some cases of aged papers. However, it was found still effective when MIT fold was measured under a tension of 20 gf.
(3) So far retention of brightness after an accelerated aging, the diethyl-zinc treatment seemed about ineffective to aged papers.View full abstractDownload PDF (1026K) -
1992 Volume 46 Issue 6 Pages 807-812
Published: June 01, 1992
Released on J-STAGE: November 16, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (754K)
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