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48 巻, 11 号
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林 治助1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1397-1409
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーIn 1961, we developed the alkali-oxygen bleaching method and commercialized it to minimize envilomental pollution. The characteristics of the method were in high pulp consistency to perform delignification under minimum degradation of cellulose. In the method oxygen was supplied to a pulp through a thin alkali solution layer on the pulp. And reactions were controlled by the supplying rate of oxygen. The condition protected cellulose which was less oxidizable than lignin. The idea was supported by the results that additions of glucose and water soluble lignin brought protect effect to cellulose in the high pulp consistency as the result of their preferential consumption of the oxygen. In the low pulp consistency (1.2%) the addition of them accelerated the degradation of cellulose. The substances showed the two opposite effects. protection and degradation. Their balance was depended on their situation. When they were on the pulp surface they most protected cellulose. The characteristics allowed continuous operation of kraft cooking and oxygen bleaching using a simmple and imperfect washing, once replacement washing with hot water. The delignification reaction by oxygen was influenced remarkably by structure of lignin in the pulp. And the structures were depened on cooking condition, especially on cooking temperature. The lignin in the kraft pulp cooked at 180°C was easily removed regardless of the residual amount in the pulp. That at 160'C was hardly removed for even the pulp of lower K No.The delignification reaction was the first order reaction of the amount of lignin under excess oxygen.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (2410K) -
石野 良明, 木村 裕次1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1410-1428
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーThe methods to produce the high performance papers are roughly divided into the next three procedures, (1) the utilization of functional fibers as paper raw materials, (2) the control of fiber aggregation structure to give higher performance, and (3) the composition with another functional materials. In this paper, some examples of the high performance papers produced by these procedures are introduced.
As the products by the procedure (1), a transparent electroconductive sheet manufactured by using electroconductive fibers and synthetic pulp, a water-soluble paper consisted of fibrous carboxymethylcellulose and wood pulp, and a water-absorption paper which is a poly-ion-complex sheet of fibrous carboxymethylcellulose with a cationic polymer are taken up and explained.
The typical products by the procedure (2) are air and liquid filter papers. Here wood or non-wood pulp and synthetic fibers different in their fiber diameters which are available for the papers, are discussed. In addition, an air-permeable oilproof paper using to bags for fried foods is explained.
As the examples of the procedure (3), the products obtained by utilizing coating technologies are explained, such as a UV light-, oxygen-, or temperature-detectable sheet and a liquid-sensitive sheet.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3735K) -
ラテックス塗工による品質改善島添 隆弘1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1429-1439
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーRecently large changes in newsprint are observed. That is, the changes are promotion of lightweight, accelerated increase of web offset printing, increase of multi-colored printing and increase of the rate of using of recycled paper.
The feature of web offset printing in newsprint is to use cold set type ink. Accordingly the drying after printing is done by absorption in newsprint without oven.
One of important property of the newsprint is fast ink setting. Also higher picking resistance is required for good print quality at high speed printing of newsprint.
For this purpose coated newsprints by starch and polyvinylalchol are generally used today.
High brightness newsprint and pigment coated newsprint are mainly used in sports newspaper. They have clear print qualities.
The rate of ultra lightweight newsprint is about 81.8% today. The rate of web offset printing in newsprint is over 86% today.
In recent Japanese public patents many applications of improvement for newsprint is observed. There are the improvement by the change of pulp composition, the improvement by surface sizing agents, the improvement by starch, PVA and latex, the improvement by pigment coating with latex, the improvement by calendering condition and so on.
In Japan there are many different newsprints in paper weight, brightness, opacity, absorption degrees of oil, picking resistance, ink receptivity and ink set.
Today in Japanese coated newsprints by gate roll coater with starch are increasing. This trend will continue in future.
Our test results of coated newsprint by starch, starch/latex blend and plastic pigment showed possibility of improvement (brightness, picking resistance, especially wet pick resistance, and ink receptivity).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1849K) -
ゾ カール1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1440-1446
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/11/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2723K) -
木内 宏治, 関川 あや子, 江藤 桂1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1447-1452
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーIsothiazolone compounds are widely used as industrial preservatives for the coating color of the paper making machine, adhesives, latexes, etc, and as the industrial slime control agents.
Although this Group of compounds is highly active for bacteria, it is irritative for human skin, and decomposed in a short period of time, especially in alkaline conditions. To improve these disadvantages and to control the release rate of the preservative this compound it has been made into microcapsules.
In this paper, efficiency of the preservative in the coating color, the release of the active ingredient into water from the capsules and safety data of the microcapsules are described.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1397K) -
宮西 孝則1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1453-1462
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーウエットエンドに於いて添加薬品の効果を最大限にあげるためには, 抄紙工程のコロイド化学と流体力学に起因する力を注意深くバランスさせなければならない。コロイド化学の指標の1つとしてゼータ電位が大切である。電気泳動法は, 試料を一旦炉過して分別した微細成分の荷電を計測する方法である。簡便で有効な装置ではあるが, サンプリングして測定するまでに時間と人手を要し, 測定頻度が限られているため, 時として操業の動的変化に対応できないことがある。ウエットエンドを最適化するためにはオンライン測定装置が必要である。メカニカルパルプを配合した原料系で従来の電気泳動法と流動電位法に基づく新しいオンライン測定装置を比較した研究が発表され注目を集めた。今後はゼータ電位, 炉水度, フロック径などを同時にオンラインで計測して抄紙機のウエットエンドの挙動を動的に解析する研究に発展すると予想される。抄紙機上で透過式の地合計とγ線パックスキャスター方式の紙料濃度計を用い, それらの関係を調査した報告があった。流体力学の影響のみを論じて地合の良否は全て紙料濃度の低下で示されていたが, 内添薬品を添加しコロイドの化学的性質が変化した場合の影響も調査することができる。抄紙機にオンラインセンサーが設置されデータベースが整備されていくなかで, 膨大なデータの中から有用な知見を抽出する技術が開発されつつある。統計解析より数10項目の操業変数を独立の数個の共通因子に纏めあげ, 相互の数式モデルからセンサーの異常や操業の異変を知らせるシステムが報告され興味を引いた。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1729K) -
紙パルプ技術協会木材科学委員会1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1463-1473
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/11/29
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (5887K) -
1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1474-1480
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (2975K) -
山田 卓良1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1486
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (241K) -
中西 一男, 後藤 ことえ, 伊藤 敬1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1487-1491
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーIt is suspected that there is a surface layer which structure is different from the inner part of the coated layer. And it might be easily considered that the structure of real cross section is broken when microtomed. The broken layer might cover the real cross section. The observation of the structure of the coated layer by a scanning electron microscope must be considered very carefully.
Herein, we introduce a new technique to remove the above-mentioned layers in order to observe the inner or real structures.
The technique includes argon ion etching procedure of the coated layer stained with osmium tetroxide. This etching is assumed to remove the layers resulting in clear observation of the structure.
Using this technique, we can observe the coated layer structure more precisely. Application of this to two types of coated paper made in different drying temperature and to two kinds of coated paper of different air permeability shows effectiveness clearly and gives resonable results.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1439K) -
坂東 貴司, 足立 武司, 岩田 弘1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1492-1498
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーAs the first step of a drainage mechanism study on a blade type Twin-Wire forming, a pulse pressure generation mechanism was investigated from an experimental stand point of view in the previous report.
This report relates to a theoretical analysis of the drainage mechanism. A drainage model and a simulation program have been developed based on the hypotheses made up in the first step. The simulation results affirmed the hypotheses, i.e., the pulse pressure is generated by a change in a stock thickness between two wires when the stock is chocked at a leading edge of a blade and primary factors affecting pressure level are a breaking angle at the edge and a drainage resistance though a mat.
Through these studies the drainage mechanism in the blade type Twin-Wire forming has been established.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1096K) -
1994 年 48 巻 11 号 p. 1499-1506
発行日: 1994/11/01
公開日: 2010/10/27
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (1740K)
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