JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Online ISSN : 1881-1000
Print ISSN : 0022-815X
ISSN-L : 0022-815X
Volume 53, Issue 4
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
  • JAPAN TAPPI
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 405-413
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In 1994, the working group “What we should do for future JAPAN TAPPI” summarized its proposal for JAPAN TAPPI in the 21 st Century. The proposal has been a guideline, and has helped to make the association be very active and useful for the members. As four years has passed since, the guideline is revised for minor adjustments, which will be a new one for JAPAN TAPPI toward the 21 st Century.
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  • Kenichi Mori
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 414-426
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the history of industrial developments, one historic invention induced the prosperity of its country. Then, one of the followers of the technology refined it to maturity, dominated the market and started to create new technology with its wealth in replacement to its predecessor. Italy in the 16th century, Germany and France in the 19 th century, and the U.S. in the 20 th century were typical examples. Now, Japan is in the process of contributing to the world development with its creative activity.
    Corporations in Japan are facing that challenge, and stimulating the creativity of employees, especially those in R & D, is one of important concerns. What Toshiba had been doing in its program for creativity development was introduced with several case studies.
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  • Hisashi Watanabe
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 427-434
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Japanese paper industry depends on two types of fiber sources. One is recycled fiber, which is 54% of the total fiber consumption. The other is wood chips, 65% of which is now imported from abroad. So, the industry is actively promoting plantation overseas.
    One of the characteristics of our plantation is that it is on waste or futile land and aims to convert the areas back to forest. Twenty projects are going on and other industries such as the power industry will join us. We expect that wood chips from our plantation will become a significant portion of our consumption in the future. The resulting forest will help to improve global environments by solidifying carbon dioxide. We are proud of this ability and the paper industry should be regarded as a sustainable one.
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  • Haruo Takayanagi
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 435-443
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recovered paper has been collected and used as a raw material for paper industry according to the demand and supply so far. It is very difficult to be balanced of the demand and supply because it is not a product though recovered paper is a generation material. Recovered paper has been collected according to an economic principle. Recently, a social change such as citizens' recycling mind spread and expand, occurs aiming at the construction of the recycling society. In addition, the local government has positively worked on the collection of recovered paper as a garbage loss in weight. As a result, recovered paper came to be collected regardless with an economic principle and the demand and supply of it. A surplus problem of recovered paper occurred from this.
    It is reported on the cause and measures of recovered paper surplus problem, recovered paper use to usage in many fields (sleeping bed for animal, alternative material of cover soil used in disposal), the necessity of RPF (Refuse Paper and Plastic Fuel) which is solid fuel as thermal recycling, and the calculation result of using of recovered paper for achievement of recovered paper utilization rate 56% in 2000 (fiscal year). It is proposed to the lack of recovered paper that the improvement of the recovered paper recovery rate as basis, using insufficient recovered paper properly, the expansion use of old magazines for printing and writing paper by the improvement of the technology, and the improvement of the recovery rate of the sorted office paper, are important as the counter method.
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  • The EAPCTM and M 2TM Process
    Bruno S. Marcoccia, Chiaki Kawakami
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 444-451
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: April 23, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Lo-SolidsTM cooking involves the use of multiple extractions, multiple white liquor additions, and multiple filtrate additions. It thus allows for independent control of both the hydraulic and chemical reaction environments within the various zones of a continuous digester. In practice, this high degree of process flexibility has been used to optimize more than 35 continuous cooking systems. Documented improvements in performance include : increased yield, increased strength and viscosity, increased extraction and washing capacity, increased production capacity, more uniform cooking, and decreased maintenance requirements.
    Recently, the inherent flexibility of Lo-SolidsTMcooking has also been used in the development of two new cooking systems, the EAPCTM and M 2TM cooking processes. The Lo-Solids-EAPCTM process is specifically designed to maximize pulp strength and bleachability. The Lo-Solids-M 2TM process is designed to maximize yield and, in particular, to maximize the effectiveness of yield enchancing additives such as polysulfide and/or anthraquinone. While the two processes have markedly different objectives and configurations, they are accomplished with identical equipment. The following paper will provide a description of these two new processes.
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  • Introduce KNP Leykam Gratkorn PM 11
    Kazunari Sato
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 452-457
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The concept of the “TRIPLE STAR” paper production line pointing the way ahead with state-of-art engineering and technology was worked out in close cooperation with Gratkorn and IHI-Voith Sulzer Paper Technology. With an annual output of 470, 000 metric tons, it is the largest production line world-wide for high-quality woodfree coated paper. The paper receives the first coating on-line in the paper machine. In a separate coating line, both sides of the paper are each coated again twice. This triple coat concept sets new quality standards in terms of printability of the paper, without negatively affecting the required runnability in the printing presses. The heart of the entire investment, KNP Leykam Gratkorn PM 11, is designed for a trim width of 8.5 m and a design speed of 1, 500 m/min.
    The paper machine is equipped with latest technology, such as ModuleJet Headbox, DuoFormer CFD, DuoCentri-NipcoFlex, CombiDuoRun dryer etc. With the paper of the new paper machine, very good quality parameters, such as formation, ash and fines two-sidedness, smoothness two-sidedness, MD : CD tensile ratio, etc., were also achieved at the winder.
    “TRIPLE STAR” is not only the largest production plant in the world, it is also intended to have the highest productivity and produce a new quality standard in woodfree coated papers.
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  • Hiroshi Izawa, Yoko Saito, Junji Kasai
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 458-463
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The application of HSP to gravure paper was investigated, following to bi-toko region reported last year. It is well known that gravure paper needs the paper surface smoothness and the compressibility to keep away from missing dots, for example, as to binders, gravure coated paper had been given the compressibility by means of using latex with low glass transition temperature and of avoiding to contain starch.
    In this report, through optimizing HSP's ability giving drastic paper surface smoothness, it was examined that the performance of some formulation including HSP to which latex with high glass transition point relatively and/or starch were introduced.
    As a result, the papers coating their formulation showed less missing dots, remarkable development of stiffness and blocking resistance compared with the traditional formula. And furthermore, by finishing at higher temperature and lower pressure, the coated paper with HSP weren't given only smoothness but high compressibility against without HSP, resulting in better gravure printability.
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  • Akira Takahashi
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 464-473
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The energy consumption and energy saving of the pulp and paper industry in 1997 are reviewed.
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  • Jun Nishimura, Todd Mathias
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 474-479
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Yokogawa Machine Advisor System is now on board.
    The system is an on-line process monitoring and diagnostic system that applies the state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques to identify quickly and alert an operator to problems in the stock approach, forming, pressing, dryer or calendering sections of the paper machine. Prior to the catastrophic failure the system features the alarm then advises the operator to the specific corrective or preventive action required to solve the problem.
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  • Hitoshi Sotobayashi
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 480-487
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Many efforts have been made to reduce the influence on aquatic organisms by pulp and paper mill effluents. In Scandinavia the new assessment program has been started to evaluate a current state of the biological impact since 1997. Also, in Canada the Aquatic Environmental Effect Monitoring has been carried out in the second phase of the program (EEM Cycle 2).
    Since 1996 Japan Pulp and Paper Research Institute (JPRI) has studied the effects of the effluents from 20 mills in Japan. The biological and chemical characterization confirmed that any effluent had no acute toxicity, however, the chronic toxicities, especially the effects on the reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia, were found to vary substantially with the mill processes. Such biological effects of the mill effluents did not depend on AOX, but the total organic compounds indicating as COD/BOD.
    The Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE), the induction of Mixed Function Oxygenases (MFO), and the bioaccumulation of EOX were investigated to elucidate the environmental affection of Japanese pulp and paper mill effluent.
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  • Zhi Cheng, Xinnan An
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 488-497
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 498-499
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 500
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Optimization of Strength and Yield of Softwood Kraft Pulp by Lo-Solids Cooking
    Takanori Miyanishi, Hirotaka Shimada
    1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 501-512
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In the ambition to force the kraft cook to low kappa numbers without losing pulp quality or yield, many studies have been carried out and a scheme for modified kraft cooking was developed. The basic conclusions are :
    1. The alkali profile throughout the cook should be leveled out relative to conventional practice.
    2. The hydrogen sulfide ion concentration should be as high as possible in the initial phase and at the beginning of the bulk delignification phase.
    3. The concentration of dissolved lignin and sodium ions in the cooking liquor should be kept as low as possible, especially in the final phase of pulping.
    4. The temperature should be low in general, especially in the beginning and in the end of the cook.
    The principles of modified cooking have been applied to continuous digesters by using split white liquor additions for alkali profiling and by using counter-current cooking methods to minimize lignin concentrations at the end of cook. The computer model is based on the mass and energy flow in the digester. It incorporates delignification kinetics, a penetration model of cooking liquor into wood chips, a chip compaction model in a digester and cellulose degradation kinetics. It can simulate several types of Kamyr continuous digesters : conventional, Lo-Solids, MCC, EMCC and ITC. It can estimate process variables, and predict pulp yield and viscosity at a given kappa number and at a given pulp production. The model simulates a steady-state for process optimization, retrofit feasibility study and education of staffs and operators. This paper describes Lo-Solids cooking of softwood chips and compares the strength and pulp yield with those of conventional kraft cooking.
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  • 1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 513-519
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • 1999 Volume 53 Issue 4 Pages 520-521
    Published: April 01, 1999
    Released on J-STAGE: November 19, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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