紙パ技協誌
Online ISSN : 1881-1000
Print ISSN : 0022-815X
ISSN-L : 0022-815X
53 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の14件中1~14を表示しています
  • 紙業印刷業課
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 549-552
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 藤村 章夫
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 553
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 山本 保
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 554-563
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    The social environmental concern is increasing rapidly in Japan. It causes more low grade waste paper collection by municipal organization. It causes much burden to pulp and paper industry to use more waste paper for their products. It forced to the increase of export to solve over collected lower grade waste paper to Asian countries who lack fiber resources for paper industry. In recent investment plan for waste paper utilization, it will be expected that the waste paper utilizing ratio of newsprint and wood contained paper grade will increase near future. As the results, total waste paper utilising ratio will be increase. There are many technical obstacles to increase the waste paper utilising ratio, but the effort of paper industry and cooperation of related industry will solve those difficult problems such as the elimination of stickies, hotmelts, UV-ink, toner printing, plastics lamination and so on.
    The export of waste paper to Asian counties should be done constantly, not temporary, with Japanese advanced waste paper treating technologies to establish the paper industry in the countries.
    There are many trials and studies to use waste paper other than paper, such as to use mulch, litter, building and interior materials, asphalt additives and so on. And some of them show promising results but they will need long time to establish a industry. One of the most concerned subject is converting waste paper to fuel. It will be most convenience way to solve the problems of over collected waste paper and low grade waste paper difficult to use paper industry. But there is a fear that if waste paper is utilized for fuel, it will consumes huge amount of waste paper and it causes competing between boardpaper production and energy source.
  • 杉崎 俊夫
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 564-570
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Various studies on the paper pulp recycling have been done for the purpose of environment protection. However, there are different kind of unacceptable materials in the collected paper such as adhesives, plastic films and metals. It is hard to remove adhesives and pressure sensitive adhesives during filtration process of the recycling.
    Adhesives and pressure sensitive adhesives in the recycled pulp make recycled paper tacky, high coefficient-of-friction and poor ink receptivity.
    In this paper, current decomposition and maceration of pressure sensitive and hot melt adhesives will be discussed and also introduces development works of recyclable adhesives reference to the recent patents.
  • 大島 壮一
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 571-582
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    This paper introduces the recent trend of lithographic ink's consumption in Japan, the fundamental knowledge and the recent technical trend of lithographic inks for the technical peoples who have been engaged in paper manufacturing industry and work for manufacturing recycled paper from the environmentally friendly point of view.
    In the section of the fundamental knowledge of lithographic ink, the composition, the major materials, the production procedure of lithographic ink, the drying method of ink and the relationship between the flow property and drying property of ink and the temperature of atmosphere are described.
    In the section of the recent technical trend of lithographic inks, the technical countermeasures to high speed printing, high quality printing, environmental protection and the international standardization of colorimetric values for offset & news inks are described.
  • 藤田 秀夫
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 583-589
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    In recent years, copier is one of necessary business machine for office.
    This paper presents mechanism of electro-photography and formation of Toner.
  • Heins Knelissen
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 590-597
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    For more than 25 years Kappa RPE Zülpich Papier, , a producer of corrugating medium and Testliner, has been operated under complete effluent free conditions and is regarded as a pioneer in process water closure. However, the accumulation of organic compounds as well as the increase of salt content, water hardness and concentration of volatile fatty acids has negative effects on the paper quality and the vapour exhaust of the paper machines. To keep up the system closure, a biological treatment plant was integrated in the closed water circuit. An internal anaerobic/aerobic combination was installed. A part of the total process water stream is purified in the treatment plant and reused as process water. Within a few weeks after start-up, the inline process water treatment plant reached the forecast efficiency with very positive effects on the characteristics of process water, paper and the exhaust of the paper machines.
  • Leo Habets
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 598-604
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    Since the beginning of the eighties, anaerobic effluent treatment plants have been applied in the paper industry. The UASB reactor has become the most popular reactor. It is operating on almost all types of paper industry effluents, but the largest numbers can be found in the paper recycling industry. When acid paper sizing was abandoned, circumstances for fresh water reduction im-proved considerably, so that process waters and resulting effluents became much more concentrated in COD.
    Increased water hardness, due to CaCO3 in the waste paper, causes heavy biomass flocs and granules. Mixing problems are overcome by the application of a new generation of reactors (IC reactors).
    Paper manufacturing often takes place at temperatures of 55°C, due to better dewatering in the press section and subsequent steam savings in the drying section. The high temperatures can he best achieved in closed water circuit. Biological process water treatment remain necessary in the closed circuit, due to contamination problems (odours).
    In order not to loose too much energy for cooling the water before the biological treatment, extensive research has been started for thermophilic treatment. This process could he quite attractive for several reasons. The first indications are quite positive. For the future, it is expected that many recycle/packaging grade mills will move to effluent-free operation with new cost-efficient in-line biological treatment concepts.
  • 木材科学委員会
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 605-613
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    紙パルプ技術協会木材科学委員会では, 主として紙パルプ関連の大学・官公庁研究機関のご協力により, 平成10年度の研究題目及び費目の調査を行いましたのでご紹介致します。必ずしも紙パルプに関係のないテーマもありますが, お答えいただいた内容を全て掲載いたします。
  • 森本 正和
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 614-621
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    A good part of paper for documents preserved in Shousouin at Nara is considered to have been made at Zushoryou, one of the Government offices in the Nara period. Outlines about the method of papermaking carried out at Zushoryou can be known by citing the literature Engishiki published in 927 AD. Four kinds of papermaking materials used at that time such as Kajinoki (Broussonetia papyrifera) Gampi (Wikstroemia sikokiana), Asa (hemp fiber string), Fu (hemp cloth) are investigated into the roles of their individual treating processes and flowsheets respectively. Among various processes carried out at Zushoryou, the sequence of fiber cutting and bruizing was found to be the most important invention created at Zushoryou.
  • 濱田 忠平
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 622-634
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    It is well known that ordinary SEM investigations require specimens free from water. If we want to study objects in their original, undisturbed water swollen state, the dehydration must be performed under the condition free from surface tension.
    For this purpose, several methods have been introduced, such as solvent exchange, freeze drying, critical point drying, t-butyl alcohol freeze drying, cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) and low vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LV-SEM).
    In this paper, applications of these methods to pulp and paper specimens (wet fibers, handsheets, etc.) were demonstrated, It was found that each method had both merits and demerits, so the optimum method had to be selected for the specimen to be observed.
  • 太田 節三
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 638
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
  • SAPとミクロフィブリル状セルロースの複合構造体に関する研究 (第2報)
    鈴木 磨, 飯塚 堯介
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 639-652
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
    By uniformly dispersing microfibrillated cellulose (the “MFC”) or bacterial cellulose (the “BC”) in a solvent mixture of water and hydrophilic organic solvent, a dispersion system of low concentration and high viscosity can be obtained. If super absorbent polymer particles (the “SAP”) are dispersed in this system, the SAP can be dispersed stably at a high concentration by virtue of such viscosity effect. The authors have found that, by forming a sheet from such a dispersion slurry and removing the solvent component therefrom, a SAP/MFC composite or a SAP/BC composite can be obtained efficiently where the MFC or the BC acts as the bonding agent. The MFC or the BC retains water stably in its microfibril structure when it is dispersed in water. That is to say, the MFC or the BC exhibits a similar behavior as it is in a so-called hydrating condition. Their hydrating condition, however, may vary very much depending on the kinds or amounts of organic solvents added. This report summarizes the results of the dispersing concentrations of the MFC or the BC with respect to the dispersion stability of the MFC or the BC in the solvent systems of water and organic solvents. The conclusions obtained are as follows :
    (1) Both of the S-MFC and the BC can be dispersed stably in organic solvents and water mixture systems where the SAP does not swell or coagulate. As an indication of the dispersion stability, the volumes of phase separation were measured.
    (2) Three kinds of fine fibers in the form of microfibrillated fibers (the “MF”), namely, the S-MFC, diluted BC and refined BC, were compared in terms of the dispersion stability, and found in the order of refined BC, the BC and the S-MFC. Thus, it was found that different dispersion stabilities were given different of the MF. This was probably because of different hydration capabilities, that is to say, different viscosities or amounts of water retained when they are dispersed in water.
    (3) The MF shows a very high dependence of dispersion stability on its concentration in water dispersion systems or in organic solvents/water mixture systems.
    (4) The dispersion stabilities of solvent systems were investigated when the ratios of organic solvent to water varied. It was consequently found that there existed a critical stability concentration value (Y value), beyond which the dispersion was stable. The Y value differs with the kinds of the MF. Specifically, the Y value of the S-MFC was around 0.3%, that of the BC was around 0.25%, and the value of refined BC was around 0.05%
    (5) As it was considered that increasing dispersion stability by the addition of an organic solvent was because of the viscosity of the system, changes in viscosity with three kinds of the MF, namely, the S-MFC, the BC and the refined BC, dispersed in an ethanol/water system, which is a standard condition, were investigated. The viscosity of any one of the these three MFs was higher as dispersed in an ethanol/water system than in a water dispersion system. It was confirmed that the maximum viscosity existed at around 50/50 of the ethanol/water ratio. From these results it was concluded that improved dispersion stability in solvent mixture systems was attributable to the increase in viscosity of the system.
    (6) If propylene glycol (the “PG”) is used as the organic solvent, the viscosity of the PG and the interaction of MF as dispersed in a solvent mixture so act in concert as to increase the viscosity of the MF dispersed system as the PG concentration increases so that the dispersion gets to be more stabilized. From this fact, the PG/water =70/30 system together with the ethanol/water =60/40 system was selected as a standard dispersion medium to be considered in future studies.
  • 製紙用原料圧力脈動吸収装置及び吸収方法
    広岡 秀樹
    1999 年 53 巻 5 号 p. 653-656
    発行日: 1999/05/01
    公開日: 2009/11/19
    ジャーナル フリー
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