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Volume 55, Issue 5
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 572
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (227K) -
Part 1: Energy Conversion and Energy Consumption in Pulp ProductionEnergy Committee2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 573-591,019
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEnergy Committee, JAPAN TAPPI sent a questionnaire on energy consumption in the year of 1998 to almost all pulp and paper mills in Japan and 92 mills replied to its. These replies, combined, cover 89.6% of the total paper production, 76.2% of the total paperboard production and 94.8% of the total pulp production. Energy Committee did the same kind of survey in 1987. By comparing each other, the efforts on energy saving in the industry are clearly demonstrated.
Part 1 summarizes consumption by energy sources, energy efficiency in conversion and unit consumption of power and steam for each grade of pulp production. Part 2 will cover statistics in paper production and others.View full abstractDownload PDF (4098K) -
Shuichi Tega2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 592-595,019
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe No.6 oil boiler of Ishinomaki Mill started up in 1972. This boiler consists of six oil burners. The adjustment of operation of the burners depends on the amount of energy demand of the mill. However, high amount of atomizing steam was consumed because of the high pressure loss and narrow adjustment range capacity of the old burner nozzle. Adjustment on the amount of burners was carried frequently. This brought troubles on the operation and maintenance of equipment. In order to reduce the amount of steam and adjustment of burners, the equipped internal mixing method nozzle was changed to the intermidiate mixing method nozzle of low pressure loss.
This paper describes successful results on energy saving achieved from the introduction of this new burner nozzle. The reduction of NOx emissions is also described.View full abstractDownload PDF (1157K) -
Katsunori Hayasaka2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 596-599,019
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFuji Mill of Oji Paper produces boxboard and recycled paper using waste paper varying from old newsprint to milk cartons in a favorable environment such as abundant groundwater from Mt. Fuji and convenience for transporting products to both Tokyo and Nagoya metropolitan areas. To support paper and board production, Fuji Mill has a 100MW power plant featuring three steam boilers and three turbine generators. The No.3 boiler, which this paper addresses, is oil-fired water-wall-tube type, in service since 1990, and can generate 70t/h of steam at 9. 8MPa. In order to control ash dust, slightly higher oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases is set to this boiler. In addition, the burners are frequently ignited and extinguished due to large load changes.
Then, in order to decrease oxygen concentration and reduce the frequency of ignition and extinction by improving turndowns, new burner tips are introduced to this boiler. This paper reports trials to choose optimal burner chips and the results of the tests.View full abstractDownload PDF (1378K) -
Combined Package of Steam Generator with Supplemental FiringSatoshi Shibata, Umeo Inoue, Hirofumi Abe, Toshihiko Tanaka2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 600-603,020
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTakuma's TCP 30 Micro Turbine Co-Generation Package is built around a 28kW micro gas turbine power generator made by Capstone. Compared with a gas engine and other reciprocating engines, microturbine has excellent features such as small size and light weight, high efficiency, low environmental burden, no vibration, no maintenance etc. It also embodies waste heat recovery by the use of Takuma's steam generator of supplemental firing with an economizer. The package consists of the engine, a gas compressor. microturbine control and power conversion units, waste heat recovery equipment, its control unit and other ancillaries. It solves the dilemma of reducing noise inherent to an ultra-high speed generation system and removing heat from electronic equipment efficiently within a compact package.
This package has the capacity of generating 26 k W of effective electricity, 600kg/h of evaporation (712kg/h of equivalent evaporation), with high system efficiency of 93%. Because of its high efficiency, the package saves roughly 20% in energy and reduces approximately 25% of CO2 emission over the conventional system of purchased power from the utility and steam from a boiler. It also reduces the user's operating cost significantly. and rapid increase of application is anticipated in areas such as hotels, athletic clubs, public baths, hospitals and factories where large demand for steam exists.View full abstractDownload PDF (1542K) -
Yasushi Fukuizumi2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 604-612,020
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe combined cycle power plant is recognized as one of the best thermal power plants for its high efficiency and cleanliness. Under these circumstances. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.(MHI) developed large, heavy-duty 1, 200C class M 701 D (for 50Hz utility) gas turbine and 1, 400C class M 501 F (for 60Hz)/M 701 F (for 50Hz) gas turbines. Their high efficiency and reliability for combined cycle applications have been proven in field operations. Based on the fact that the combined cycle efficiency is highly dependent on the gas firing temperature, MHI has newly developed the 1, 500C class M 501 G (for 60Hz)/M 701 G (for 50Hz), which is called “G” series, gas turbines.
Development of the “G” series gas turbine was started in early 1990' s and the design was based on the following concepts, which give excellent performance and high reliability to the “G” series.
Firstly, proven features from the “F” series are kept. Secondly, the most advanced technologies in aerodynamic design, heat transfer design and new materials for the “G” series are introduced. Thirdly, our conventional design criteria in industrial gas turbines are applied. Fourthly, NOx and the metal temperature remains at the same level as the “F” series by applying steam-cooled combustors even though the turbine inlet temperature is increased. Finally, special measurements and verification tests are carried out before commercial operation to secure their high reliability.
The trial operation of the M 501 G was conducted in 1997 in the combined cycle verification plant in MHI Takasago. Japan. It was successful and the commercial operation was started in June 1997. Since then, the detail inspections were conducted and the condition of each component was quite sound. Therefore, the availability. defined as the actual power supply hours over demanded power supply hours excluding scheduled shutdown such as periodical inspection, during the commercial operation was 98.6%.
The trial operation of the M 701 G was conducted in October 1998 in the domestic utility company. After completion of plant tests, the commercial operation was started in July 1999. The availability during commercial operation is 100%.
This paper describes the technical features and up-to-date operating status of the M 501 G combined cycle power plant in MHI Takasago.View full abstractDownload PDF (3981K) -
Steam Drive of the Boiler Feed PumpHisao Umezu2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 613-615,021
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHOKUETSU PAPER MILLS. Ltd. Kanto Mill Ichikawa switched the purchase fuel to the city gas, by considering the environmental aspect, Energy-saving measures have positively been tackled for the problem of the rise in energy cost with the switching to the city gas. In these challenges, steam drive equipment of the boiler feed pump by the turbo motor was introduced in order to effectively utilize the energy loss by turbine ypass steam that arises in winter.
The following are explained introduction circumstances, operating experiences, cost merit of this equipment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1489K) -
Michinari Harada2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 616-620,021
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo corresupond to the increasing of the demand for recycled paper, we installed de-inked pulp plant at Komatsushima Mill. Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. As the result, the quanlitiy of consumed electric power was getting increased, and we putchased more electricity from an electric power company.
Then we installed a helper turbine on boiler water pump as a part of our energy-saving project. As a result of this, we correct steam energy at reduced pressure as driben energy of water feed pump.View full abstractDownload PDF (1418K) -
Cutting Cost by Reduction of Energy LossDaisuke Hayasaka2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 621-625,022
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new small steam turbine and induction generator was installed in our Iwabuchi mill in August 2000. This installation means that we have got a new first power station in our mill.View full abstractDownload PDF (1941K) -
Trend of Energy Conservation and the TechnologyTakeshi Tanaka2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 626-633,022
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe high efficiency transformer has developed that reduced the loss furthermore even from the characteristic standard value of JIS standard along with the movement of energy conservation of the world.
First in this paper, we describe the changes of JIS and JEM standards with regard to a transformer after explaining the contents of the activity of energy conservation and the energy tax reformed system to promote the purchase of the energy conservation devices as the background which a high efficiency transformer has spread. Especially we are explaining in detail about the way of thinking the characteristic standard value of a high efficiency oil immersed transformer at JEM standard.
Next, we propose a concrete method about such a measure plan to reduce the loss of a transformer, making an introduction of energy conservation technology and an explanation about a constitution of the loss by using a numerical formula.
Also, explaining it about the difference among “a high efficiency transformer”“an ultra high efficiency transformer ”“an amorphous transformer” that is three high efficiency transformers appear on a present market, it is summarizing it in a comparative table about the characteristics, measure and constitution materials of these transformers.
At last, we express about the selection method of a high efficiency transformer. The total cost comparison is important for us to take a better choice of it. As a concrete example, we are making a comparison with various kinds of high efficiency transformer based on the total cost that added the initial cost to the calculated running cost by transformer loss on the depreciation years 10 and the load factor 60%.View full abstractDownload PDF (3640K) -
Tomamae Green-Hill Wind-farmShigehito Nakamura2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 634-639,023
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Present Situation of Wind-power Generation
Being backed up by the growing concern about the global-warming, the US and the EU countries have been greatly forwarding the introduction of renewable energies such as Wind-power generation since middle of 90'. The total installed capacity of Wind-power generation world-wide is expected to have reached 12, 500MW. However, the same in Japan seems around 100MW. This is because Windpower generation in Japan is just coming to the stage of take-off.
Tomen has started its activities in Wind-power generation in the US in 1987, and has been expanding its business in 6 countries (US, EU and Japan) with total generating capacity around 700MW.
2. Tomamae Green-Hill Wind-farm
Tomen has completed construction and started commercial operation of the Japan's 1st large scale Wind-farm with te capacity of 20MW in Tomamae, Hokkaido in November, 1999. The Wind-farm was approved by the Japanese government as a new energy source project and identified as a 1st Wind-power project in Japan which wholesales all the electricity generated to the utility company. The project can be featured as below.
-Large scale enabled the remarkable cost reduction.
-Stationed operators can assure stable and safe operation.
-Designs considered for the harmony with circumstances and surroundings.
-Sustainable cohabitation with the local society.
3. Future of Wind-power Generation
Wind-power generation may have technical and economic hardles to clear so that it could be further and remarkably introduced to the Japanese society. However, growing concern about the renewable energy is boosting up the subject to the nation-wide controversy.View full abstractDownload PDF (1998K) -
Yoshimi Shiraiwa2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 640-647,023
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the control of greenhouse gas emissions is now an international issue of growing importance. the Fuel Cell Power Plant (FCPP) is increasingly expected as one of the most promising new technologies.
Phosphoric acid fuel cell power plants have been introduced at various commercial applications aimed at increasing overall energy efficiency while minimizing impact on the environment. ADG (Anaerobic Digester Gas) fueled FCPP and biogas fueled FCPP have been developed. Both ADG and biogas are produced from the methane fermentation process at water treatment facilities. In addition, a new application has been developed with waste-methanol, which is discharged from the product cleaning process in semiconductor industry.
And the new application for FCPP has been developed as a premium power supply for important load, providing constant voltage and constant frequency.
Polymer electrolyte fuel cells are applicable to various fields such as residences, and automobiles, and are developing with quick steps.View full abstractDownload PDF (4672K) -
A PerspectiveMinoru Kumazaki2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 648-651,024
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWoody biomass is an important, environmentally-friendly source of energy which can efficiently produce modern energy carriers such as electricity. There is considerable potential of available woody biomass for fuel: about 5% of total primary energy consumption in Japan. The principle of biomass power generation is to emphasize small-scale heat and power co-generation in niche markets of the current power supply system. The suitable power generating technology and its optimum capacity should be decided depending on how much woody biomass is obtainable with reasonable price and how much demand of heat (by-product of power generation) is expected.View full abstractDownload PDF (1180K) -
Masayoshi Tokihisa, Yukihiro Sumihiro, Tadashi Timura, Noriaki Hashimo ...2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 652-658,024
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe machine of dechlorination using twin screw system and a dechlorination process have developed for removing from wasted plastics including chloridized polymer. In this paper, we describe summary of twin screw extruder. characteristics and results of experiment of the machine of dechlorination and the system of dechlorination.
The residual chlorine content of general wasted plastics after decWorinating have achieved 0.25wt% under 350°C, resident time of 10 minutes. And the residual chlorine content have reduced 0.6wt% under 350°C comparing to 310°C, same resident time. The residual chlorine content have reduced 0.14 wt% under 13.3 minutes comparing to 6.6 minutes, same temperature, but saturated it in 10 minutes. And the residual chlorine content of 0.24 to 0.39wt% was obtained from wasted plastics containing initial chlorine content of 1.8 to 45.0wt% under 350°C and a resident time of 6.6 to 13.3 minutes. We have confirmed the machine of dechlorination using twin screw system were superior one comparing to a single screw system, batch reactor system, rotary kiln system.View full abstractDownload PDF (2344K) -
Tomoki Yoshino2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 659-665,025
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSaving energy by inverter was advanced actively, and actual results had been given to it in our factory. But, coat equipment (in actual load 3, 600 kW·July, 1998, operation), DIP equipment (in actual load 2, 000 kW·October, 1999, operation) happened one after another, and it worked.
The amount of use electric power of our factory becomes 37, 600MWh by this from the moon hit 35, 300MWh. Month maximum electric power increased again in 61, 500kW from 57, 000kW. Then, it has the possibility that it becomes increase in the energy conversely by the quality improvement and the environment related equipment, too. Therefore rotation number control does the examination of the possible machine and investigation from the new equipment establishment grade. Introducing the motor of the saving energy type high efficiency and a machine further has been proposed. This time, the plan, the confirmation of the effect and the saving energy actual results of the existing equipment were selected in the theme.View full abstractDownload PDF (1878K) -
Kunio Sugaya2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 666-671,025
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRecently environmental problems have been noticed grobally. In paper industries recycling of used paper becomes more important year after year for the protection of environment. Consequently the number of deinking facilities keeps increasing. Fluorescent whitening agents (for white paper) or paper dyes (for colouredpaper) are widely used for paper. These dyes or agents sometimes influence in recycling. As of now recycled paper mainly comes from newpaper including advertising paper and magazines.
Although colored wood-free paper which is tinted with paper dye are not so often recycled now, decolouration of paper dyes will be important. We previously studied decolouration by oxidizing or reducing method. This paper are reproting on decolouration of anionic direct dyes under deinking treatment conditions.View full abstractDownload PDF (1241K) -
[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 672
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (259K) -
[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 673
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (249K) -
Khantayanuwong Somwang, Toshiharu Enomae, Fumihiko Onabe2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 674-678,025
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: November 29, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn acoustic micro-metrology technique of a scanning acoustic microscope, as acoustic material signature, was applied to measure the elastic constant of softwood bleached kraft pulp fiber wall. The Rayleigh wave speed measurement of cross sectional surface of heat-treated and untreated single softwood bleached kraft pulp fibers, which were 3, 520±170m/s and 3, 240±180m/s, respectively, was achieved by this technique. This evidently means that the wall of heat-treated fibers was stiffer than that of the untreated ones because the higher the Rayleigh wave speed, the higher the elastic constant (C44). Furthermore. if the ideal component of fiber wall is supposedly composed from a majority of a transversely isotropic S2 layer, the calculation of C44of the fiber wall could possibly be demonstrated by applying a Rayleigh wave speed to shear wave speed ratio of 0.93 and a density of 1.5g/cm3for a close-packed cellulosic material of the S2layer according to the theoretical equation. The calculated C44 values for the heat-treated and untreated fiber wall were 22±2 GPa and 18+2 GPa, respectively. However, handsheets made from unbeaten heat-treated fibers had a lower in-plane shear modulus than those from unbeaten unheated fibers. These results indicate the effect of heat treatment on elasticity of a fiber wall which is generally known as hornification.View full abstractDownload PDF (1771K) -
Hideki Izumi, Yoshio Yoshida2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 679-688,026
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe nonuniformity of paper is one of the important factors affecting print quality etc. The Density variation of paper is the most important factor of the nonuniformity of paper, however, it cannot be measured because of no appropriate instrument. A system for determining paper nonuniformity, including density variation, was developed and applied to the specimens. The system comprises the three dimensional thickness tester, the beta formation tester, the micro-photometer and PC for image analysis. In this article, we describe the system configuration and the measurement results of the nonuniformity of newsprint and the felt mark intensity on laboratory sheets.View full abstractDownload PDF (3523K) -
2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 689-693
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1962K) -
Wood Science Committee2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 694-701
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 5 Pages 702-705
Published: May 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1773K)
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