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Volume 55, Issue 7
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 897-898
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1361K) -
The Trend in 10 Years and the ForecastKiyoshi Miyabe2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 899-908,015
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTuned to the growth of the Japanese economy after World War II, the paper and pulp industry of Japan has continued its growth. In 2000, the industry produced 31, 800, 000 tons of paper and paperboard, which is the second largest volume in the world. Pulp and recovered paper support this production volume.
The utilization rate of recovered paper was 50% in 1990 and has since then been increasing year after year. In 2000, utilization rate of recovered paper exceeded 57% and this rate is targeted to 60% in five years.
In the area of pulp utilization, the consumption rate of imported pulp has been slightly declining, but has generally been leveling off. The overall consumption rate of pulp has been declining by this slight decline. Pulp consumption as a whole has been decreasing. This is attributed to decrease of domestic pulpwood consumption. The consumption rate of imported pulpwood is increasing steadily. In 1989, the rate between domestic and imported pulpwood consumption was reversed and the gap has been expanding since then. In 2000, the rate of imported pulpwood reached 70%. Since 1990, Japanese pulp and paper manufacturers are actively undertaking overseas industrial plantations. As a result, more chips will be imported to Japan and the import rate of foreign pulpwood will increase further.View full abstractDownload PDF (2011K) -
Noriyuki Kobayashi2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 909-914,015
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSForest Certification System is becoming popular in the world, especially North America and Europe. ISO 14001 (Forestry) and FSC are well known as international system. At the same time, Several certification systems are developed as national revel System in US, Canada, Finland and UK.
In this issue. I will explain present situation of Forest Certification System in the world and will discuss regarding problem for popularization in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (1469K) -
Strategies Found in Recent Eucalyptus and Acacia Tree Farms Pursuing Intensive AgricultureEiji Kojima2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 915-929,015
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNovel fast growth trees containing quality pulp in high yield might be developed in the near future. probably through some technique in the field of genetic engineering. It also expected that such new pulp woods would be coming into practical use soon, however, ultra-sophisticated science like gene recombination still needs some basic skills in order to multiply the cells gene-introduced and to let the cells to be regenerated to the plantlet. The tissue culture itself, which is well known as one of the techniques recently developed, should be connected to ancient styles such as cutting, grafting, and layering, if the greater fruit would be looked for. It is needless to say that, initial growth of seedlings in tree farm obviously depends on the history of treatment in the nursery. Moreover, any amount of skill, knowledge, and experience about afforestation would be required to build the forest with high productivity. Therefore, it is important to understand that no technique can exist by itself without relevancy for others. In this paper, methods or skills for a tree-planting would be discussed citing some cases of the recently developing Eucalyptus and Acacia plantations.View full abstractDownload PDF (7250K) -
Haruo Takayanagi2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 930-944,016
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe paper recycling of Japan started at the Heian era (794-1185). The recovered paper utilization rate of Japan is in a high level also in the world. The recovered paper utilization rate 56% target in fiscal year 2000 was achieved the one year ago. It is expected to be decided that a new utilization rate target was set up to be 60% in fiscal year 2005 by the Japan Paper Association, and enacted with 60% target in Ministry of Economy. Trade and Industry ordinance soon.
Because how to be going to become the best way about the paper recycling based on the current state aiming at this new target in the future was examined variously, so reporting to here.View full abstractDownload PDF (2860K) -
The Status Quo and Their Feasibility to Paper IndustryMasakazu Morimoto2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 945-959,016
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn 1998 nonwood plant fiber pulp formed about 11% of total pulp produced in the world. People's Republic of China was the top producing country of the pulp and produced a good part of paper and board from the pulp. USA was the third producing country and Japan was the third importing country of the pulp. To cope with the difficulties on the growing demand for paper and board, fast-growing plant resources such as eucalyptus and kenaf are being watched with keen interest in the paper industry. In this paper kenaf and eucalyptus were both shown to be eco-plants with citing most reliable reports from USA and Japan on the annual yields of these plants. As for eco-pulping, neutral sulfite method that had been already developed by the author et al. as the most suitable cooking method for abaca in 1953 was shown to be applicable to kenaf, rice straw, jute and even softwood with several reports. It was found that neutral sulfite and neutral sulfite anthraquinone method of cooking produce pulp of increased yield, high brightness, high strength properties and no ill-smell, enable the recovery of heat energy and chemicals in black liquor and furthermore make it possible to convert recovered chemicals into original cooking chemicals without using any compound such as calcium and others.View full abstractDownload PDF (3695K) -
Life Cycle Assessment of Woodfree Printing PaperToru Katsura2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 960-966,016
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe results of life cycle assessment concerning to nonwood or recycled printing papers are reviewed. The following conclusions are obtained for environmental effects of nonwood (bagasse) or recycled fibers.
(1) The major difference between wood and nonwood is land use of cultivation. Wood is cultivated in forests and nonwood plants are cultivated in fields. These difference can not be counted on inventory results.
(2) If the nonwood source is agricultural by-product, its environmental burden would be reduced by allocating burden according to the economic value of each products.
(3) CO2emissions due to fossil fuels are increasing, in the raw, wood, nonwood, recycled fibers. SOxemissions are large in wood and nonwood pulp production.
(4) Comparing between nonwood pulp and recycled fibers, there is little difference in environmental effects. The value of these pulps is effective usage of resources such as wastepaper and agricultural by-products.View full abstractDownload PDF (3825K) -
Mitsuru Tomizawa2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 967-972,017
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs ECF bleaching uses chlorine dioxide as a principal chemical, it is critical to select the type of plant in order to reduce cost for producing chlorine dioxide. Outside Japan, as ECF bleaching is growing rapidly, the dominating process is that of no discharge liquor and no chlorine. It has been expected that the process of no discharge liquor and no chlorine would go mainstream also in Japan similarly with the trend in overseas, but the situations are not always the same.
In the domestic market, there would be cases that would not require large quantity of chlorine dioxide because of improvement in cooking technology, wide use of oxygen bleaching and application of ozone. While the process of no discharge liquor and no chlorine is suited to manufacture chlorine dioxide in quantity, R 2 P process might be one of the better options in view of the circumstances of Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (2641K) -
“Air -gap” New System for Reject Free Pile SystemSusumu Inaba2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 973-976,017
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMaruishi has continued to form technological partnership with the world famous manufacturer of Full Synchro Sheeter. Bielomatik. Maruishi has already delivered 23 Full Synchro Folio Sheeters not only in Japan but around the world.
Bielomatik has presented a new system for reject free pile change for folio sheeters. The “Air-gap” system (Patent pending) works with one overlapping unit on a single paper transport track. By altering the degree of overlapping and using carefully directed blowing and suction air, Bielomatik has succeeded with the “Air-gap” system in separating the overlapped paper flow without using any mechanical elements.
This creates a gap. which can then be used for reject-free pile change with single piler and nonstop pallet changer or tandem piler. The “Air-gap” system guarantees no marking of the overlapped paper flow. This is of especial interest to the fine paper industry.View full abstractDownload PDF (942K) -
Hiroshi Iwata, Daisuke Goto, Masanobu Matumoto2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 977-984,018
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe maximum design speed in today's paper machine has been reaching to 2, 000 m/min for achievement the higher productivity demands. At the same time the requirement for higher quality for each paper grade has been increasing from year to year.
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries has developed a new technology that combines the best aspect of roll and blade gap forming through extensive fundamental research works.
The new technology consists of replacing the initial forming zone with a Groovedfoil blade design. This paper describes the fundamental study and test results of pilot machine trial for dewatering elements.View full abstractDownload PDF (2862K) -
[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 985
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (239K) -
[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 986
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (258K) -
Changes in Some Surface Parameters from SEM, TOF-SIMS and ESCA by Addition of AlumYasushi Ozaki, Atushi Sawatari2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 987-995,018
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution of rosin in paper sheet has not been established precisely. In order to determine the precise distribution. we performed the following examinations.
Handsheets were prepared from hardwood bleached sulfate pulp to which various quantities of alum were added. The air-dried handsheets were then dipped in a 0.03% aqueous emulsion of rosin size. The distribution of rosin size was examined by using TOF-SIMS and ESCA. The following results were obtained.
(1) The rosin sizes were shown to be distributed relatively homogeneously by the images from TOP-SIMS. The existing site of rosin size was not always the same as the site observed in secondary electron micrograph. There were the existing site of rosin size other than that was observable by secondary electron micrograph.
(2) The atomic ratio (C/O) from the relative intensity ratio (C1s/O1s) with the tub-sized handsheets was demonstrated higher than that of pulverized tub-sized handsheets. It is shown from the above-mentioned results that the rosin sizing concentration inside the handsheet. is less than that in the surface layer of the sheets.
(3) The atomic ratio (Al/C) from the relative intensities (Al2p/C1s) with tub-sized handsheets was found to be much higher than that with handsheet not tub-sized to which various amounts of alum had been added.
(4) The contact angle increased with increasing surface coverage of rosin size.View full abstractDownload PDF (3279K) -
Report 3: Shrinkage and Surface Changes of Cigarette Paper during Thermal Decomposition ProcessAtsunari Hanada, Fumihiko Onabe2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 996-1004,019
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the second paper of this series was reported that the measurement of the pore structure and the surface area of heated papers at different temperatures by “Cigarette Paper Measuring System”.
It was suggested there that the changes of the structure of cigarette paper under the thermal decomposition process were caused by deformation of fiber network and the shrinkage of single pulp fiber. And these changes are remarkable at temperature region between 270°C and 350°C where thermal decomposition of cigarette paper proceeds significantly.
From above result, it is predictable that the changes of the structure of cigarette paper under the thermal decomposition lead to the shrinkage of cigarette paper, and the investigation of the shrinkage of cigarette paper under thermal decomposition process is important to the development of cigarette paper for commercial products.
With these results in mind, this work is intended to investigate the shrinkage of cigarette paper under thermal decomposition process.
For this purpose, Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) of cigarette papers were measured and the surface of thermally treated cigarette papers were observed by SEM. Those results were correlated with Thermogravimetry (TG) and Differential thermal analysis (DTA) curves.
The results associated with the shrinkage of thermally treated cigarette papers are summarized as follows.
The cigarette papers shrunk at temperature region between room temperature and 100t and extended over the temperature region between 200 and 300°C and remarkably shrunk again above 320°C
The starting temperature of shrinkage under the thermal decomposition process of cigarette papers decreased and the TMA curve changed looser with additional quantity of Sodium Citrate. And the cigarette papers shrinkage at temperature of 320t increased with additional quantity of Sodium Citrate region between 0 to 4.2% and decreased with at additional quantity 8.3%.
At 320t thermal treated cigarette paper the change of micro-fibril and increase the void volume of fiber to fiber were observed. At 400°C thermal treated cigarette paper the width direction shrinkage of fiber, and remarkably increase of the void volume of fiber to fiber, and the change of micro-fibril and fiber surface were observed.View full abstractDownload PDF (2407K) -
2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 1005-1013
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3853K) -
[in Japanese]2001 Volume 55 Issue 7 Pages 1014-1018
Published: July 01, 2001
Released on J-STAGE: October 27, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2352K)
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