The diffusion behavior of an acid dye in Nylon 6 has been investigated as a dynamic dye distribution of two thermodynamically distinct populations of Langmuir type adsorption species and Partition type species. The sum of the dual concentration profiles was calculated by means of a finite difference method according to the Fick's second law. An improved dual diffusion equation gave a profile in good agreement with the experimentally apparent obtained literature profile for Orange II and nylon 6 system under an over-dyeing condition. Thus the validity of the improved theory was confirmed.

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The validities of the diffusion coefficient calculated by the improved dual diffusion equation and the analytical method proposed in the preceding paper were confirmed by the agreement of the dye distribution profiles calculated there-from and experimentally obtained literature ones for a disperse dye and a acid dye in Nylon 6.These results show that the proposed analytical method can simulate the dual dye distribution profiles with basic sorption and diffusion parameters.

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In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element method based on damage mechanics has been newly applied to Turkey satin woven fabric composites, and the mechanical behaviors under damage development caused by on-axis tensile load have been investigated. From the on-axis tensile test and observation of damaged states for a Turkey satin woven fabric lamina, the computational results were proved to have good correlation with the experimental ones. Then, the effect of arrangement of weft yarns on damage development has been investigated numerically. As a result, the close arrangement of weft yarns increases the orientation angle of warp yarns, and accelerates occurrence and development of damages such as transverse cracks in weft yarns and shearing damage of warp yarns. Additionally, the maximum orientation angle of warp yarns was confirmed to be a dominant factor of damage behaviors, and to be kept under 5.26° for the Turkey satin woven fabric lamina.

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The present study is concerned with numerical simulation of air flow in a yarn duct of an interlacer, which is an apparatus for yarn intermingling. A nozzle of circular pipe of inner diameter d(<D) is mounted perpendicularly to the yarn duct of circular pipe of inner diameter D and length L. The air is injected from the nozzle into the yarn duct. This complex incompressible air flow of the interlacer system is analyzed by a numerical calculation program, FIDAP, using the high Reynolds number k-ε model. The air flow in the yarn duct can be simulated well by this analysis for d/D≤0.5. For d/D≤0.75, however, the predicted results for air flow in the yarn duct are not in satisfactory agreement with the measurements. The effect of the value of d/D on the air flow in the yarn duct is discussed. It is clearly found that for d/D≤0.5 the circumferential air flow along the inner wall of the yarn duct is dominant, while for d/D≥0.75 the axial air flow is dominant. The interlacer with 0.5≥d/D≤0.7 is usually used in the practical interlacing processing, where the condition of the air flow largely changes from circumferential to axial flow. Furthermore,the ratio d/D has no great effect on the flow in the yarn duct for d/D≥7.

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The fabric inspection is indispensable for evaluating the quality of textiles. However it has been performed by the visual evaluation. The visual inspection is a burden to the operator, and it is also difficult to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively. Automation and labor saving are desired to improve uniformity and quality. Therefore, in this paper we examined the possibility of the fabric inspection system, which is based on analyzing the autocorrelation function obtained from the speckle pattern of textiles. And the possibility of the quantitative measurement of weave, yarn density, defect, and yarn count was obtained by analyzing the autocorrelation function obtained from the speckle pattern of the textile surface.

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Noise in weaving mills has become very serious problem with increasing speed of weaving machine in recent years. One of these sources of noise is the collision sound of healds caused by shedding motion. It was clarified in our previous paper that the collision sound of healds is significantly connected with motion of heald during a period of shedding motion. In this research, therefore, photographs of the behavior of heald in a shedding period were taken by using a high-speed-camera system on a model shedding device. At the same time, noise was measured to investigate the collision sound of healds. Collision between healds and heald bar caused by heald jumping and the collision of healds were observed. It was confirmed that noise is the largest at the both collision timings. On the other hands, it has been already understood that the tension of warp yarn significantly affects the behavior of heald. It was also observed that the collision of heald and heald bar was delayed or eliminated with increasing tension of warp yarn by photographic observation. At the same time, noise was decreased with increasing warp tension.

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