The tactile sensations of leather car seat covers with different grain patterns were evaluated by physical touch. The covers′ physical properties were also measured. The tactile sensations were evaluated using adjectives like “high-class” and “smoothness” which were examined using principal component analysis. From the correlations between physical properties and sensory evaluations, it was found that tactile sensations correlate with the physical properties of compression and surface friction. The tactile sensations of leather covers were influenced by the grain leather pattern, and those sensations could be predicted by the physical properties. These results will contribute to a final seat design.

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The purpose of this paper is to establish a basis for silhouette and handle design of traditional Japanese silk chirimen fabrics for Western-style women′s thin dresses. We collected 10 chirimen kimono fabrics with different crepe structures to clarify the fabric characteristics. The mechanical and surface properties of the fabrics were measured by using the KES-FB system. The primary hand values of chirimen fabrics were obtained by an objective evaluation method developed by Kawabata. Silhouette formability was investigated by using the silhouette classification equation with fabric mechanical data. The tactile feel of chirimen fabrics was assessed by 60 female students.
Large values for the mean deviation of the coefficient of friction (MMD) and compression linearity (LC) were observed in chirimen fabrics as compared with women′s thin dresses (n＝120). In terms of the primary hand values, high Koshi and low Shinayakasa were identified as distinctive features of the chirimen fabrics. Applying the silhouette type for Western-style garments, the chirimen fabrics can form drape-type or hari (anti-drape)-type silhouettes. The subjective hand values of softness, smoothness, and preference with regard to chirimen fabrics were closely related to the small value of thickness (T0), which can be used as a key parameter for the design of chirimen fabric.

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Measurements of biological signals, such as those emanating from electrocardiography (ECG) and electromyography, are required in such fields as medical science, sports science, and robotics. There have been many studies that biological signals are measured using conductive cloth or textiles. Although the conductive materials were contact with the body, there have been few studies that considered the deterioration caused by deformation and moisture. We describe here an “undershirt" that we developed for measuring ECG signals. Its electrodes and wires are composed of conductive ink. We expected that even if the subject moved and perspired, measurement performance would not decrease. In our first experiment, we investigated characteristics of electrical resistance when the samples were deformed or became wet. The results indicated that the conductive ink wire was not broken by a 30% stretch or by bending it at a 1-mm curvature radius. The wire also maintained sufficient insulation resistance in the presence of 0.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution. In the second experiment, ECG signals were measured via the undershirt with the ink wiring. The results showed that deformation of the ink wire on the undershirt is difficult to affect the ECG data.

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This paper examines female university students′ opinions on high school teachers′ dress, and how it influences people′s perception of them.
The results were as follows: 1) Male teachers were perceived as enthusiastic and interesting, while female teachers were perceived as diligent, easy to talk to, and friendly, depending on their respective clothing choices.
2) The respondents found business suits to be preferable, while a white coat and jersey track suit was found to be neutral. Factory-style work clothes were found to be the least preferable, particularly for female teachers.
3) We find that those who had a favorable perception of male teachers wearing jersey track suits thought that the same male teachers were gentle and easy to talk to, although they also believed their classes may not necessarily be easy to understand.
4) Those who had a favorable perception of female teachers wearing business suits thought that they might not be easy to talk to. However, they also perceived them as diligent and gentle.

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Human motion capture systems help clinicians to detect and identify mobility impairments, early stages of pathologies and evaluate the effectiveness of surgical or rehabilitation intervention. Although there is a considerable number of solutions presently available, these systems are often expensive, complex, difficult to wear, and uncomfortable for the patient. With the purpose of solving the formerly mentioned problems, a new wearable locomotion data capture system for gait analysis is being developed. This system will allow the measurement of several locomotion-related parameters in a practical and non-invasive way, also reusable, that can be used by patients from light to severe impairments or disabilities.

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In Japan, the recycling rate of waste textiles, especially waste clothing, remains low. The more complex the textile structure, the more difficult it is to recycle by classification into raw materials. This study investigates the reduction of the final disposal volume of waste textiles based on colour. We examined valid colour combinations for recycling waste textiles when separated according to these criteria. Further, we employed the waste coloured cotton thread. Colours similar to principal hues from the Munsell Color System were used as the fundamental colour for specimens. We focused on hues in this study and prepared 45 specimens of shoddy by mixing two coloured cotton threads according to the ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 by weight. We prepared specimens that were then examined with sensory evaluation and colorimetry. As a result, we were able to determine the colour combinations that had high and low favorable ratings. The findings indicated that an interior angle within 85° on the Munsell color circle was a key feature for a high favorable rating. Therefore, it is possible to produce a product with a high favorable rating by mixing waste coloured textiles that are positioned within 85° on the Munsell color circle.

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This paper presents the research undertaken at the University of Minho aiming to study the behaviour of 3D weft-knitted structures using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wires and elastomeric yarns, in order to produce dynamic structures as a support to answer specific situations and applications. Several samples were produced using Nitinol® wires in different diameters and loop types. The Tensile tests were carried out being based to NP EN ISO 2062:1993 standards, using a H100KS Hounsfield Universal Testing Instrument. The results showed that The 50 μm wire showed to be too thin to this propose; moreover, The 210 μm NiTi wire showed to be hard to process on the knitting machine due to its high stiffness; The 127 μm NiTi wire showed to be the best among them, due to the process and energy absorption ratio. Finally, for both NiTi wires in different diameters studied, tuck loop showed to have the highest energy absorption capacity.

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Handle has a primary influence with nearly everything surrounding us as it gives the essential information to interact with our neighbourhood. The need to know how this affects our decisions is fundamental and leads to the study and understanding of this human sense. Tissues paper is one of the most common elements of interaction in the day-to-day human life; it can be produced in various ways leading to different textures which can transmit various sensations. The FRICTORQ® is a laboratory equipment developed at the University of Minho to measure the friction coefficient in fabrics, to enable a quantitative assessment of touch/handle, in order to predict the comfort behaviour of 2D structures when used or touched by humans. In the present study the existence of a correlation between a subjective assessment and the objective measurement of different parameters analysed in paper tissues has been investigated. With the FRICTORQ instrument a great accuracy in the analysis was obtained when compared with the KES-FB4. An inverse relationship between parameters Rough-Smooth and Thin-Thick with Friction coefficient was found, meaning that the increase of the value of the friction coefficient expresses a decrease in the sensation.

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