We conducted a case-control study to clarify the factors affecting the occurrence of feline urological syndrome (FUS) in Japan. From 1st September 1989 to 31st October 1990, the data from 73 FUS cats and 713 control cats were obtained from in 5 animal hospitals in Yokohama city. The results show are as follows.
1. The proportion of age 2 to 5 years in FUS cat (58.9%) was significantly higher than that in control cats (40.4%) . The proportion of male in FUS cats (65.8%) was significantly higher then that in control cats (49.1%) . No significant difference in the proportion of breeds divided into 3 groups was observed between FUS and control cats.
2. Five factors had statistically significant odds ratios (ORs) adjusted to age, breed and sex. “Consumptiom of only dry cat food” (OR=4.56) and “Corpulent” (OR=3.00) increased the risk. On the other hand., “Consumption of canned food” (OR=0.23) . “Consumption of the same cooked food as the pet owner” (OR=0.34), “Consumption of cocked food prepared for cat” (OR=0.24) and “Consumption of raw fish” (OR=0.21) decreased the risk.
3. The data were analyzed with the method quantification model No.2 to evaluate the factors discriminating between FUS and control cats. “Consumption of raw fish” and “Corpulent” were relatively effective factors to discriminate between two groups. However, the correlation ratio (0.431) was relatively low level. Using this method, 71.2% of both groups was accurately discrminated.

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Between September and December in 1995, six adult cows and one young cow suffered from diarrhoea and fever and two of them died at farmer “A” in North District Veterinary Clinical Center, Chiba. Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from the fecal samples of these cases. Further investigations showed that Salmonella Typhimurium was isolated from13 out of 44 animals without any clinically signs. According to results of sensitivity tests, Enphoxisacine was administrated to one of affected animals, and we had a successful results. Fecal examination of all the animals, investigation of the environmental contamination with the bacteria, improvement of the animal hygiene systems, administrations of biological medications and antibiotics were continuously performed at this farm. To prevent further outbreaks, the neighboring farms were also informed with this case and cautioned by the corresponding authority. No further clinical cases were observed in this farm as well as neighboring farms after November 1995, and carrior animals with Salmonella Typhimurium were not identified after March 1996. Since some infected animals became bacteria-free without anitibiotic treatment, the necessity and execution of the anitibitic medication against carrier animals with Salmonella Typhimurium will remain unanswerably.

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During 1995, a clinical trial was performed to evaluate the medical and economical effects of ivermectin administration for grazing heifers at one public farm, Saitama prefecture. Animals, which were entered for the grazing in spring, were classified into 3 blocks (A, B, C) based on their age and body weight. In each block, animals were randomly allocated into administration (5 times ivermectin injections) and non-administration groups . Daily body weight gain, hematocrit values, number of animals with Theileria infections, conception rates and economical effects were evaluated between two groups. In low age block, animals with ivermectin administration had significantly higher daily body weight gain and hematocrit values compared to nonadministrated animals, however, no significant differences were observed in the number of animals with Theileria infections and conception rates. In other age blocks, improved daily body weight gain were constantly observed in ivermectin administrated groups, however, no statistical differences were detected. Because of the improved daily body weight gain, the management strategy using ivermectin administration was economically useful for the grazing heifers, especially when it was used for young animals.

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