Influence of foodborne diseases to the society are revealed by the number of incidence, patients and death. It is difficult, however, to compare among these of the foodborne deseases. Those expressions also have the problem that it is difficult to evaluate the social and economic damage by the foodborne diseases.
To solve those problems, it is used that the infleuence of foodborne diseases to the society is revealed by the economic loss. It is difficult, however, for us to use the same method used in U.S.A. Therefore, we estimated the ecomonic loss by bacterial foodborne diseases by using data as possible as we can collect in Japan. Cost-of-Illness of Salmonellosis in Yokohama-city from 1991 to 1995 was 850 million yen (expressed by the value of yen in 1993) . That was 170 million yen per year, and 44 thousand yen per patient, respectively. Total estimation of Cost-of-Illness of Salmonellosis in Yokohama-city was 77 million to 530 million yen. That was 23 thousand yen per patient.
To estimate these cost more precisely, however, we consider that it is necessary to continue further epidemiological study about foodborne illness.

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The SPOTCHEM^TM system (a fully automated dry chemistry system) except for an inorganic phosphate (IP) and magnesium (Mg) has been used throughout the clinics in Chiba prefecture. We examined basical performances of the newly SPOTCHEM^TM system for IP and Mg in dairy cattle. Data from the present newly SPOTCHEM^TM system in the reappearence, the variation in a day and the correlation to the previous methods were excellent results for IP and Mg. Normal ranges of IP levels during lactation was slightly wider than the previous methods, while Mg levels was stable as the previous one. Present results supported the newly SPOTCHEM^TM system for IP and Mg were useful for the clinical serum test in IP and Mg determination.

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Between June and October in 1996, incidence rates of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 infection were estimated among 13 traditional cattle herds, randomly selected in Lusaka Province, Zambia. New cases were only identified at two relatively larger sized herds during the four month period and low incidence rates, 6 and 7 cattle month per 100 head of cattle, respectively, were observed in such an endemic area.

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[in Japanese]

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