近年草地造成や牧野改良事業が進められて牧草の栽培面積が急激に増加し, また多種類の飼料作物が栽培されて酪農経営も急速に進歩しているが, これにともなって草地農業の先進国が苦心している「草による鼓張症」が, わが国でも次第に多く発生するようになって牧草酪農の問題点になってきている. 本症についてはわが国では東北農業試験場の佐々木泰斗技官, 岩手大学の篠崎謙一教授などの研究があるが, まだ臨床的な一般の報告は少ない. 私は昭和30年から33年の間に長野種畜牧場において発生した27例を経験し, さらに34年に発生した4例について調査する機会を得たので, これについて報告しご批判を得たいと思う.

抄録全体を表示

The term of habitual suprapatellar dislocation has been used to indicate the disturbance of full extension of the thigh and leg and flexible bending of the posterior extremities occurring in young cattle and horses. This ailment was studied roentgenologically and anatomically. In addition, experiments were carried out to induce it artificially. In affected animals examined, no suprapatellar dislocation was detected at all, but the shortened medial perpendicular ligament of the patella had been displaced to the anterior surface of the trochlea of the patella on account of a strong attraction caused by the contraction of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Such being the case, it is considered reasonable to call this situation habitual vertical patellar dislocation.
The syndesmotomy of the medial perpendicular ligament of the patella has been regarded to be of great curative effect on this ailment, but has not been generally performed due to the contradictory terminology and obscure pathognomy of the ailment.
After this ligament is cut, its function is compensated by those of the lateral and intermediate perpendicular ligaments of the patella. The animal can walk immediately after operation. The cut ligament is transformed into cartilaginoid tissue in twenty to thirty days and a firm accretion occurs to it.
Since the author treated 58 limbs successfully, he is convinced that the syndesmotomy mentioned above is a radically curative plastic surgical operation causing no danger in work animals.

抄録全体を表示

Metastrongylosis has been causing a great loss in hog husbandry in Japan. Its prevention and treatment, however, have been neglected so far.
Recently some papers have been published on the results of experimental treatment of this disease with various agents. Although some of the agents examined are mentioned in them as effective for treatment, no satisfactory results have been obtained as yet.
The present study was conducted to reaffirm the efficacy of such agents as employed hitherto in successful treatment and carry out screening of other agents for curative effectiveness. The experimental animals used were guinea pigs which were on the 14th day after they had been infected art-ificially with Metastrongylus elongatus. Alsanilic acid (AA), acetylcyanacethydrazide (ACAH), cyanacethydrazide (CAH), diethylcarbamazide (DC), dihydrostreptomycinsulfate (DSS), and isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) were examined for therapeutic effect.
A CAH product synthetized in Japan was not effective when a dose of 30mg/kg had been administered for three consecutive days by the subcutaneous route. A dose of 40mg/kg of CAH administered in the same manner gave a rate of parasite removal of 26 per cent. Two courses of treatment with a dose of 40mg/kg of CAH administered in the same manner showed a rate of removal of 74 per cent. A dose of 50mg/kg of CAH administered in the same manner exhibited a rate of removal of 53 per cent.
ACAH was prepared from CAH by introducing an acetyl group into the latter so that the toxicity of CAH might be weakened, when administered by the subcutaneous route for three consecutive days, a dose of 30mg/kg showed a rate of parasite removal of 45 per cent and a dose of 40 mg/kg a rate of 86 per cent. Two courses of treatment with a dose of 40mg/kg administered in the same manner gave a rate of 51 per cent.
DC (supatonin, a proprietary preparation) exhibited rates of parasite removal of 86 and 92 per cent when administered in a dose of 50mg/kg by the intramuscular route for five and ten consecutive days, respectively. It gave rates of 97 and 99 per cent when administered in a dose of 100mg/kg by the same route as above for five and ten days, respectively. A result of 100 per cent removal was obtained from a simultaneous treatment with DC and CAH.
INH showed a rate of 74 per cent when a dose of 5 mg/kg had been given by the intramuscular route for three consecutive days, and a rate of 49 per cent when a dose of 20mg/kg had been given by the same route for ten consecutive days. DSS exhibited a rate of 32 per cent when administered in a dose of 40mg/kg by the intramuscular route for ten consecutive days. AA showed a rate of 75 per cent when administered per os in a dose of 5mg per capita for ten consecutive days, and a rate of 61 per cent when administered per os in a dose of 10mg per capita for five consecutive days.
Moreover, AA caused fatal intoxication among mice treated with it. In conclusion, CAH and ACAH exhibited variable and not so excellent effects. The other agents employed, gave similar results. DC, an antifilarial agent which the authors used for the first time to remove swine lung worms, showed a constant and outstanding effect.

抄録全体を表示