In Japan, a chronic and obstinate skin disease occurs frequently among dogs infected with Dirofilaria. Any relation between this dermatitis and Dirofilaria has not yet been made clear. Three types of skin diseases were observed. The first type was an elephantiasis-like skin disease in dogs infected with Dirofilaria. The second type was the same disease in dogs not infected. The third type exhibited. similar skin lesion but different symptoms. The following results were obtained.
1. The intensity of skin lesion did not always coincide with the number of parasites (microfilariae or adults) found in the dog body. It was very rare to find microfilariae in the cutis. It is doubtful that there is any relation between skin lesion and filarial infection.
2. The disease appeared mostly from April to August, but it could be seen in the other months. Usually two-or three-year-old animals were attacked. Annual recidivation was not infrequently observed. Morbidity was not different between the sexes and breeds. The skin lesion was usually localized on the back at first and then spread gradually to the thigh, shoulder, and abdomen. Itching was severe, but soon disappeared. The skin became hypertrophic as in elephantiasis, with thin hair. It is characteristic that no moist lesion was produced on the skin throughout the course.
3. Histopathologically, spongiosis in the pricklecell layer and infiltration of eosinophils in the papillary layer were first shown and followed by formation of small nodules, hyperkeratosis or parakeratosis particularly in hair follicles and at last by atrophy of sebaceous glands. From this fact, it can be said that the skin condition is similar to that of the chronic type of eczema appearing in old dogs. The dermatitis in question, however, can be differentiated from eczema by the presence of a short itching stage and the absence of erosion or ulcus thoughout the course.

抄録全体を表示

Twenty-five dogs, 1 to 9 years old, with heartworm infection were treated with caparsolate sodium (CS). Prior to treatment, it was confirmed that they belonged to one of the four clinical categories of infection of Jackson, i.e., S-O, asymptomatic; S-1, slight symptoms such as coughing; S-2, typical symptoms of filariasis; and S-3, critical condition. CS was injected into the radial vein in the following manner: 0.4mg/kg daily for 15 days (series 1), 0.8mg/kg daily for 3 days (series 2), and 0.8mg/kg four times every other day (series 3).
In series 1, some dogs suffered from severe coughing and needed medication over a considerably long period. Series 2 and 3, showing no serious response, revealed, however, that CS was almost equally effective to destroy adult worms within about 30 days after initial injection.
Generally, heartworms were swept into the pulmonary artery in 14 days. The intravenous injection of CS in such a dose as employed was confirmed to work regularly to destroy adult heartworms, although it eliminated no microfilariae.
No intensely positive reaction of the Takata-Ara test was observed during the treatment. In addition, it is necessary to keep the injected dog under observation for clinical response and changes in physical conditions due to heartworm destruction.

抄録全体を表示

Surface-active agents, including silicone, and sorbitan and polypropylene compounds, were examined for anti-foaming action in vitro and surface tension. To determine the anti-foaming action, 0.1ml of the diluted agent was added to 3.5ml of 1% saponine (Merck) solution contained in a glass vessel with No.4 glass filter. The mixture was bubbled by sucking under negative pressure at-250mmHg for seven minutes at 38°C. The foam-breaking action was measured by reading a decrease in height of the foam five minutes after addition of 0.1ml of the diluted agent to saponin foam bubbling at a height of 66 mm at 38°C. The surface tension of the saponin solution after addition of the diluted agent was measured by means of a Du No-U tensiometer.
The anti-foaming actions of various silicone agents and a polypropylene compound were distinctly greater than those of all sorbitan compounds. Some commercial silicone agents for bloat treatment had not so great actions. All the surface-active agents tested decreased the surface tension of the saponin solution. The correlation between surface tension and anti-toaming action, nowever, was not apparent in any of the surface-active agents. The anti-foaming actions of soybean oil, cotten-seed oil, turpentine, liquid paraffin, and glycerine were less marked than those of the surface-active agents.
A new surface-active agent, a polypropylene compound with the proprietary name pronon, was less toxic for mice or young rabbits when administered in a dose of 0.1 g or more per kg of body weight daily for 14 or 24 days. Moreover, this compound seemed to be palatable for these animals.

抄録全体を表示