Since about 1960, hematuria has been enzootic mainly among dairy cows at the foot of Mt. Daisen in Tottori Prefecture. Eleven affected cows were observed clinically and examined pathologically.
1. All the cows had tumefacient changes in the urinary bladder. They were affected with transitional-epithelial carcinoma, hemangio-endothelioma, hemangioma, adenoma, and papilloma, which were present independently or in combination. Of these tumors, hemangioma was most frequent, being observed in 9 cows of the elven. It was followed by transitional-epithelial carcinoma, which was seen in 5 cows.
2. Cytodiagnosis was made on urine, washings of the bladder, and smears of the surface of phyma, in comparison with histological examination. I the cases of transitional-epithelial carcinoma and hemangio-endothelioma, it revealed the enlargement and polymorphism of the nucleus, an increase in amount fo chromatin, the irregular demarcation of the nucleus, an increase in number and size of nucleoli, and polynuclear formation. These changes corresponded almost perfectly to the malignant histological pitcure exhibited, and were of diagnostic value. The detection of heteromorphous cells was the most successful in direct smears or swabs of the surface of tumor, which was followed by washings of the bladder, urine collected by massage, and urine discharged spontaneously in the decreasing order listed.
3. In the case of hematuria in cattle, hemangioma was considered to be a main cause for hemorrhage which induced general anemia leading to a clinical course that made prognosis bad.

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A 5-year-old Saanen goat kept in Tottori University suffered from hypochromic anemia, fever, leukocytosis (mostly neutrophils), rapid hypoalimentation, and debility. It was subjected to various kinds of treatment, but died eventually about a month later.
Autopsy revealed that tumors had been produced in the liver and large intestine, and phlebangioma and thrombosis in the posterior vena cava and other veins. Histological examination revealed the original occurrence of adenocarcinoma in the cecum. Multiple large lesions were seen in the liver and presumed to have been produced by metastasis. Lymph nodes attached to the liver and cecum had also metastatic lesions. Cancerous tissue was differentiated better in the metastatic lesions of the liver than in the original lesions of the cecum. The present case seems to be a very rare one of this kind in Japan.

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A total of 26 cases of congenital blindness were encountered among calves of both sexes of the black Japanes native breed in Awaji Island, Hyogo Prefecture. No Holsteins kept under the same conditions were involved in these cases.
In the blind calves the pupils were dilated exhibiting no response to light. Ophthalmoscopy of several blind calves showed no abnormality in the fundus, but there was no optical sensation. Necropsy and histopathological examination of a 4-day-old blind calf revealed the defect of the sphincter pupillae, malformations of the retina andc opti disc, and arteria hyaloidea persistens.These results strongly suggested that the optic nerve might get atrophied during many days after birth, and that stenosis might be caused in the optic canal as a secondary pathological change.
Thirteen of the blind calves were studied genetically. Two of them exhibited, complicated dwarf and muscle contracture. It was possible to recognize such hereditary malformations derived from an undesirable recessive gene as prologed pregnancy, atresia ani, deformed nipples, leg contracture, different hair color and dicephalus.
Consequently, there was no doubt that the present cases of congenital blindness had been induced by a cause of ereditary origin.

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A total of 937 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from fecal samples of healthypigs, cows, and human beings were examined for sensitivity to 13 antibacterial drugs, using the agar plate dilution method. The results obtained are summarized as follows.
A high incidence of drug resistance, mostly of infective type, was found among the pig strains. Complex resistance patterns were a common feature for these strains, some of which were resistant to six drusg, tetracycline (TC), streptomycin (SM), chloramphenicol (CP), sulfadimethoxine (SA), Kanamycin (KM), and aminobenzyl-penicillin (AB-PC).
A few of the cow strains were resistant to at least one antibacterial drug. All the isolated strains had a high sensitivity to KM, fradiomycin, gentamycin, (AB-PC), cephaloridine, polymyxin B, colistin (CL), nitrofratorizine, and nalidixic acid. Most of the human strains were sensitive to many antibacterial drugs other than TC, SM, and SA.

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